China and India in the New Global Economy: Will Those Rising Countries Still Rise - Research Paper Example

? China and India in the new global economy: will those rising countries still rise? The paper deals with the developments of the countries, such as China and India, in the global society. There is an interesting question about whether there is a limit for the growth and development of these countries. On the basis of modern researches and studies, environmental, social, political and economic implications are considered further on. Key words: globalization, development at different levels, international arena, global players, implications of global growth. Introduction Currently, China and Asia are positioned as the most prominent leaders in the international arena. The role of America internationally is gradually decreasing and these two countries are positioned as the strongest rivals, players of the global economy and the modern political scene. There is a need for these two countries to find a perfect balance between them. China and India are developing at an incredible pace. At the same time, environmental hazards are growing simultaneously with the growth of these two countries. This large Asia-Pacific region is a strong competitor and it should be mentioned that this process is not unlimited. Everything in the lives is finite and there is an ending point for every process in the world. The global negative impacts of the fast development of these two countries is inevitable and the modern countries of the world’s society are much focused on potential measures taking against intimidating incredible growth of these two countries in the world. China China is the world’s greatest player internationally and this country produces more than 13% of world economic output. At the same time, the country devastates the world’s mines of nickel, copper and oil. The country has one of its greatest interests, which is export of cement. China spreads its investments all over the world and there is an evident dynamical growth of the country’s import and export, which increased within the latest 25 years. Nowadays, China has shifted its accents from the exports of manufacturing to exports of electronics. China is much focused on cars and airplanes’ exports. Foreign investments are flowing in the economy of the country. The world’s society is much focused on direct investments and partnership with China. China is an open territory for the modern professionals and skilled workers and an open field for education. Therefore, on the one hand, this country provides a perfect field for competitiveness and education, but very often the price is too high. There is a need to mention that the policy of this country is a well-balanced and developed with an open mind of its developers. For example, modernization of Shanghai by the numerous modern skyscrapers is a too expensive policy and it requires the abundance of materials for building. Moreover, the infrastructure of the country requires constant improvements in order to attract more and more tourists. India India is another player internationally and a constant performer of the global power. There is a perfect correlation between the progress of India and China in the world: “China is the ?workshop of the world, then India has become the laboratory of the world” (India, China new global powers, 2010). India is known as a perfect competitor in the field of services. Currently, information and technologies and the sphere of services are the main interests of India. This country is often referred to as a potential global leader. GDP increases per 8% every year. It is possible to claim that economic development of the country depends on the improvement and innovations in the field of information technology and services. This country is also known for the development of the pharmaceutical sphere. There is a need to introduce numerous improvements in the field of laboratory experiments in order to preserve safety of natural resources in the country. The spheres of textile manufacturing and auto parts production are also developing at a full pace. Therefore, it is evident that these countries have two main directions for their future development: each of these two countries may become a global leader and develop separately and independently. From another perspective, it is possible for these two countries to become the greatest global giant “Chindia”. Globalization impacts of India and China Nevertheless, if we apply to the problems of limits in the nature and the world, we will see that these countries have a limited nature of their development. China on the current stage of the global development has enough resources to supply different European countries with cash inflow. The volume of exports in this country is the largest one in the world. There is a great export machine in China. It is often claimed that “growth may itself cause changes which have in turn a growth-reinforcing effect – a kind of positive feedback loop” (India, China new global powers in this multi-polar world). There is a need to mention that the sphere of education reflects positive changes of globalization. Thus, initially, the government was much focused on investment in education in India. The private sector is focused on development of education. There is a need to focus on potential negative outcomes of intense growth of China and India. In the sphere of trade it can be claimed that “they provide cheaper goods which benefits consumers. On the other hand if they compete with domestic producers, rather than imports from other countries, then they may have negative effects on employment” (India, China new global powers in this multi-polar world). People from poor countries such as Ghana, Uganda and Tanzania witness growth of their real income. This can be explained in the result of the ability to buy cheap imported goods. There is an option for these countries to obtain goods from China. Nevertheless, there are drastic environmental impacts of the growing societies and countries on other countries of the world’s society. The impacts at macro-levels are the following ones: people consume natural resources such as land, food, water, soils, and ecosystems. Fossil-fuels are non-renewable resources or fisheries and forests if depleted cannot be renewed. This is a devastation of natural resources and the larger the country is, the greater is the negative impact exerted on the environment of the country. Moreover, air pollutants or air emissions, water pollutants et cetera cannot be liberated from the environment. Human health is also subjected to the negative impacts of the environment. China and India are two countries, which can be preventive factors for the development of other countries around them. China is one of the world’s largest emitter of carbon dioxide (CO2); the greenhouse gas emission is the negative outcome of human activities, in case they are intimidating for the policies and economies of other countries. Such negative impacts as noise, air, and water pollution are the most intimidating factors for improper development of other countries. For example, Beijing and Delhi are the cities with the highest level of sulphur oxides (SOx) and nitric oxides (NOx) concentration (Frankel & Harding, 2004). The rapid trafficking in the countries of global growth and development worsen air quality for sure. On the one hand, there is an evident movement forward, but on the other hand, there is a too high price for such kind of forward advancement of the country. There are a growing number of cars in India and the problem of air pollution becomes more and more relevant and striking in the country. There is a high level of noise stroke because of traffic in India and China. High noise levels in these countries exert a negative impact on the citizens of these countries. Traffic noises in these countries, which reach 90 dB are very intimidating for health of people and may even lead to hearing loss. Traffic congestion is another negative outcome of the global countries’ growth. Thus, for example travelers are scared off by traffic jams, noise and air pollutions in the fast growing countries. Indian cities are full of bicycles, motorcycles, and auto rickshaws, which can be also frustrating for the inhabitants of the countries (Saran, 2010). There is no proper pavement in India and it is really dangerous to go across the streets by any means. There is no proper parking in the streets of India ad well and much abundant territory is required for parking. China is coming across many other challenges of transportation problems. Pedestrians and cyclists are provided with better opportunities in China than in India and thus it is important to take into account road challenges in this country. In the famous essay by Zakaria “The Rise of the Rest” (2008) the author discusses evident underpinnings and impossibility of further development of China and India. He outlines the basic negative outcomes of such kind of growth of India and China. At first, he compares the differences of future populations in these two countries. India has more population currently and China is focused on one-child policy. Consequently, in the future this country will have a cheaper labor force in comparison with India. There is a great political and social split in the ASEAN region. The northern tier is connected with China and the island states remain more autonomous. There are essential incongruence and problems in the globally growing countries: “in spite of the growth of countries such as India, China and Brazil, these are still very poor countries. China cannot save the global economy on its own…China is as trapped by its vast dollar holdings as America is” (Subramanian, 2011). Therefore, it is evident that China is entrapped in the global political and economic web of other global countries. China is able to produce some cheap goods or parts of them. The question is not about quantity, but about quality. China is known for its low-quality label “Made in China”, which is often perceived in the world with irony. This country earned a reputation of a cheap manufacturer and a cheap goods’ producer. It is possible to criticize the power of China and correlate it with an overall dominance of the United States. Very often, America is positioned as the leading country and China “is on its way to becoming an economic superpower, and the United States may have to share the global stage with it in the future. But, as the argument goes, the threat from China is not so imminent, so great, or so multifaceted that it can push the United States out of the driver's seat...” (Subramanian, 2011). This is an apt expression about the real value of China’s growth in the global economy. Unfortunately, it is not known whether this intense growth is a positive or negative for the world’s society. Moreover, there is a need to evaluate potential implications of China’s growth and its impacts on other countries in general and America in particular. Whether this country is the intimidating rivalry for the American economy or whether this country is the cruelest rival remains an ambiguous question. The same can be said about India. It growth at an incredible pace, but it is no known whether the price for it is too high or not. Conclusion India and China are the prominent leaders in the global world. Unfortunately, these rising countries raise not only their economies, but also drastic consequences of their growth. It is evident that the world’s society readily accepts political, economical and social improvements of the global players. In case these countries provide other countries with numerous problems and challenges, it is relevant to take preventive measures in order not to be absorbed by the rising global machines, their air and water pollutions and other environmental challenges. India and China are not becoming the world’s leaders and global players, but huge challenges internationally and globally. The price for the rise can be too high. References Cetron, M. J. & Owen, D. (2006). The Dragon vs. the Tiger: China and India Reshape the Global Economy; India and China Will Vie for Economic and Political Dominance on the World Stage. Here's an Assessment of the Two Nations' Short-Term and Long-Term Prospects. The Futurist, July-Aug, 38+.  Frankel, F. R. & Harding, H., eds. (2004). The India-China Relationship: What the United States Needs to Know. New York: Columbia University Press. India, China new global powers in this multi-polar world. Retrieved April 10, 2012 from: http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics/nation/India-China-new-global-powers-in-this-multi-polar-world/articleshow/6256521.cms Saran, S. (2010). India and China Take Different Roads to World Leadership – Part I. YaleGlobal. Retrieved April 10, 2012 from: Subramanian, A. (2011). The Inevitable Superpower. Retrieved April 10, 2012 from: http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68205/arvind-subramanian/the-inevitable-superpower Zakaria, F. (2008). The Rise of the Rest. Read More