The Law And Practice Of The United Nations - Research Paper Example

The Law And Practice Of The United Nations Answer 1 The emergent beginning of the UN were borne out of the fear, sense of urgency, desperation, common purpose, optimism and co-operative spirit of pre Second World War stages. After political efforts, events, meetings and varied complex military, the St. James Palace the Atlantic Charter, the United Dumbarton Oaks and Yalta had organized a meeting and conference in San Francisco. The conference was held in the year 1945. The major objective of this conference was to establish an organization that would foster hope and facilitate peace for a better and peaceful world. The final meeting was held in the San Francisco’s Opera House on 25th June in the year 1945 (Conforti 41). 80 percent of the world’s total population and 50 countries had signed a document that has created a revolution in International Relations. Finally the United Nation had created in the year 1945. The foundation date of United Nation is 24th October 1945. 24th October is known as the United Nation’s Day. This date is celebrated in each year since the establishment of UN. The actual name of United Nation was coined by the president of United States. The major objective of this organization is to maintain and control peace in World. The name was initiated by Franklin D. Roosevelt. Ms. Daisy Sickly was the confidante of the president of United States. It is very much important to understand the major reason behind the creation of United Nations. The reason was not only to bring liberalization but also develop realistic and hard political necessity. The importance of reflecting, remembering and recognizing the spirit and necessity of freedom, global optimism and hope should not be forgotten. Now-days, people around the globe have started to think beyond their emotions, sights, feelings and sentiments. Apart from political power, there is something called value of the life of a human being that can brought beauty and innovation in the world. In order to balance these things the organization named UN was developed. The Atlantic Charter has tried to bring peace and sustainability in the world. The establishment of UN was a vision, promise and collaboration of certain common principles of several respective countries’ national policies (Patil 42). These principles and policies were guided in order to create home and dream for a better and healthy future of the world. The charter had proposed eight following clauses. Their nations seek no territorial and aggrandizement. They tend to see no territorial changes. They respect people’s right to choose and select the form of government. They will Endeavour the existing obligations for the purpose of future enjoyment. They seek to bring total collaboration between all the countries in the economic field in order to secure and improve labor standards, social security and economic advancement. After the destruction of the Nazi tyranny, they desire to see the establishment of peace in the globe. This peace will motivate all the people around the globe to move freely and with tremendous freedom. Lastly, they believe all the nations of the world will be realistic to co-operate with each other and will maintain the peace factor in the world. Answer 2 World Trade Organizations generally deals with the trade rules of several nations around the globe. The major function of the world trade organization is to ensure that trade flows predictably and smoothly (Ezeani 92). WTO is a particular organization that intends to liberalize and supervise the international trade. Several important objectives of World Trade Organization are mentioned below. The objective is to promote international trade in an effective manner that can provide benefits to several countries. Implementation of new global trade system as addressed in the agreement. Ensuring better balance in the advantage sharing of developing countries. Expansion and utilization of global resources. Enhancing the core competencies of trading partners Growth in the level of production and productivity. The role of World trade organization is to facilitate the administration, operation and implementation. It helps to provide the necessary framework for operation, administration and implementation of several significant Trade Agreements. The World Trade Organization helps to provide the forum for desired negotiations among the members of the organization. Moreover, i6t helps to improve the relationship between several countries through international trade activities. One of the major roles of World Trade Organization is to administer the understanding of procedures and rules dispute settlement governance. By the help of WTO several nations can achieve the Trade Policy Review mechanism Framework. In order to achieve a greater coherence in the international economic policy development, the World Trade Organizations helps the nations to co-operate with International Bank for Development and Reconstruction and International Monetary Fund. Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade are one of the most significant trade barriers that limit the function and practices of import. Countervailing duties and anti dumping measures are the example of Non-tariff Barriers to Trade (Dasgupta 12). The use of NTBs has significantly increased after the rules and regulations of world Trade Organization led to a significant reduction in the usage of tariffs. Trade between several countries is considered as the trade in services, goods and several factors of production. These barriers are affecting the international trade activities. There are six types of Non Tariff Barriers to Trade, such as Standards, Specific Limitations, Administrative Entry and Custom Procedures, Government Participation, Import changes and others including orderly marketing agreements and voluntary export restraints. Several Non tariff measures imposed generally depends upon the legitimate goal. It can be introduced in a consistent manner under WTO. The members of international trade and World Trade organization needs to follow the particular guided provisions in order to ensure the compatibility of WTO. Several Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade are permitted in limited circumstances to protect safety, sanitation and health. World Trade Organization, North American Free Trade Agreement and European Union have restricted the use of tariffs in several circumstances due to the free trade rule policy. Works Cited Confrti, Benedetto. The Law and Practice of The United Nations. London: Martinus Nijhoff, 2005. Print. Dasgupta, Paramita. The WTO at the Crossroads. New York: Concept Publishing, 2009. Print. Ezeani, Elimma. The WTO and Its Development Obligation: Prospects for Global Trade. New York: Anthem Press, 2010. Print. Palit, Vrushali. Negotiating Decolonization in the United Nations: Politics of Space. London: Psychology Press, 2007. Print. Read More