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Network Load Balancing - Essay Example

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Summary

In the paper “Network Load Balancing” the author analyzes a technique that is used to increase the availability and scalability of critical systems and services. The need arises as mission-critical systems (like internet servers, web servers, ATM servers, etc.) require 24x7 availability…

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Subject: Information Technology
Type: Essay
Level: College
Pages: 2 (500 words)
Downloads: 3
Author: leannonlawson

Extract of sample "Network Load Balancing"

There are two types of configuration for network load balancing (NLB):1. Unicast mode2. Multicast modernist ModeThis is the default mode in which all the cluster servers are given the same MAC address (Cisco, 2009). Thus, each packet (addressed to this MAC address) reaches all the cluster servers. Even if one server is unavailable or cannot process the request due to workload, another server will reply to the data packet. One problem with the unicast mode is that if all servers are assigned the same MAC address and are connected to the same switch, the switch will be unable to identify the destination (due to the same address of all servers).

It is not possible to have two ports on the same switch with the same MAC address. The unicast mode addresses this problem with MAC address masking. The MAC address of each server is masked with a bogus MAC. So when the switch relays a packet, the NLB array decodes the masked address and then transfers the packet to the destination (Cisco, 2009). However, when the incoming packet arrives at the switch, it carries a destination address that is not assigned to any switch port (because all ports are masked with bogus MAC), thus it is relayed to all ports and hence all cluster servers receive the packet (ISA Server.org, 2003).

Multicast ModeIn the multicast mode, each server carries two network adaptors (virtually, not physically); one adopter having the MAC address of the server (the server's own MAC address) and the second network adaptor carries the multicast MAC address. A multicast MAC address is one that can be listened to by all servers using that specific multicast MAC address. Thus, all network packets addressed to that specific NLB multicast MAC address, are received by all cluster servers; while the packets addressed to specific MAC addresses are received by individual servers.

In this fashion, the cluster servers can send/ receive packets to/ from each other (using their individual MAC address) and can send/ receive packets to/ from end clients/ users using NLB multicast MAC address (Cisco, 2009).

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