History of Commincation - Essay Example

History of Communication – Renaissance era of Communication Introduction Renaissance era is the era of the 14th and the 17th century that was in Europe. The era is the time between the middle ages and the modern history and it focuses on significant technology advancement in the region. The Renaissance was a period of progress and thriving which Froude (1894) comprehends that the world was arousing out of a long, great rest. Amid the late Middle Ages, European countries experienced incredibly war and also from an infection that influenced their well-being and economy. The time of Renaissance is a takeoff from the medieval ages into new and perfect society wherein individuals who survived the war and torment started scrutinizing the foundations that were not able to anticipate to war or end plague. The renaissance era of communication has the characteristics of bringing about necessary changes in the form of communication in Europe and the rest of the world. The period started at a time when there was a cultural movement in Italy which later spread to the remainder of the world. What were the significant technological advancements in the era? What is the history of communication in this age and how does it help in assisting with the modern day communication periods? The essay is going to focus on the above matters and the discussion of major trends during the years. Body Description of the events in Renaissance Era The Renaissance era was a time with a lot of technological advancements. Communication also had a significant technological advancement including the printing press and also the linear perspective in drawing. There were major artists of the period that had a meaningful communication through their artwork. There are sketchbooks from that period that include books from Leonardo Da Vinci that have valuable insight into the mechanical technology of the time. The late 14th century and the early 15th century saw the use of the arquebus and musket. The printing press that was a significant advancement in technology saw many books and other media messages spread throughout Europe (Boruchoff, 2012). The spreading of the messages and the books was a great help to enable people to be more conscious of their national identities. Printing that was a significant development during the era was a discovery by Gutenberg. The whole idea was Gutenberg’s invention that saw the printing machine being a movable type. The movable part saw the increase in use and it spread all over Europe (Man, 2002). The expanded interest in expressions, designing and building ventures required non-verbal and traceable correspondence record of a more rugged sturdiness than wooden tablets with clay or wax. The material was accessible, yet was excessively costly. Amid the Renaissance paper fabricating, which likely had its creation in China around 100 AD, was beaten and paper plants set up crosswise over Europe. Propels in pencil making — first with "leads" and after that with graphite supplemented the paper improvement and empowered reasonable composed correspondence. Even before education turns out to be, more broad portrayals and drawings were utilized to communicate. Amid the Renaissance, both merchants and governments relied on upon the regular flow of merchandise and data. As a rule, ocean transportation was speedier and more proficient than area transportation. Be that as it may, progress in both space and sea travel happened through the span of the Renaissance. Correspondence additionally enhanced altogether amid this period with the presence of the first postal systems in Europe. Individuals went for an assortment of reasons amid the Renaissance. Adventurers cruised a long way from Europe to find new domains for their rulers and to win wealth for themselves(Man, 2002). Most voyages, on the other hand, were significantly more regular in nature. The merchants and the government were not able to have efficient communication before the introduction of the printing press during the era. The Printing Press Around 1439 to 1450, the German printer, Johannes Gutenberg, added to another arrangement of print with mobile metal letters, called portable sort. Mobile sort took into consideration mechanical production system style printing. It was the start of the broadcasting press all over the world. Non-verbal correspondence up to then have been in the hand of a not very many, who could bear the cost of the fitting number of recorders. The principal Renaissance began the democratization of correspondence and TV, which is currently yet again being reformed by the web. Gutenberg's printing press changed print. All of a sudden, printers could print up 3,600 pages for every day. That is a ton of pages (Hans-Jürgen, 2012). Before the printing press, most books were manually written, regularly by friars. They set aside quite a while to make, were costly, and just the rich could stand to purchase them. In the Gutenberg press, books could be printed every day. All the more imperatively, books could be made economically, and numerous more individuals could manage the cost of them. With more books, training rose (Man, 2002). By 1480, 100 urban areas in Europe had printing presses. The Gutenberg mobile sort printing press made data more accessible and less demanding to spread. The spread of the printing press led to the spread of knowledge all over Europe. Some of the old classical texts that were in storage came to light in 1490. The former ancient texts were in reserve, and only monks were able to take the notes and copy them by hand. The messages and documents were now being spread to classes of literate people. These ancient texts were the reason for the growth of new literary, artistic, and philosophical movements throughout the Renaissance era (Hans-Jürgen, 2012). Some writers benefited with the printing press, including Shakespeare, who was dominant in that era. Shakespeare was only a merchant in Europe, and now he was able to read and write in Greek and Roman texts (Inayatullah and Milojevic, 2015). These texts had a profound influence in all his writings. The Renaissance era of printing led to the Protestant Reformation of 1517 directly. The printing press allowed Martin Luther’s 95 theses. The arguments started the Protestant Reformation that was able to spread significantly, and they moved beyond Wittenberg, Germany. The spread happened in very few years. There were massive sales of Luther’s theses translations in Germany. There was also the printing of Bible’s during the era, and the Bible had translations into many languages from the Latin language. It was, therefore, a way of spreading Christianity since the layman was now able to read the Bible (Hause and Maltby, 2001). It was one of the ways that led to the rise of the Protestant that was there to challenge the Catholic Church. Another great contribution of the printing press is that it was one of the reasons for nationalism in most countries in Europe. The press was a major instrument in printing materials in major languages from different regions other than the Latin language. Countries felt they had a connection through the common language of English in their communication. There was a development of a culture that began due to the different countries sharing a common language. The unity made the people have the same language. The large communities now had a feeling of unity among themselves by sharing written materials in their languages. It was a written language that only the literate were able to understand (Wikander, 2000). The important part is that most of the citizens of Europe were literate since the Renaissance era led to the spread of education. The Pencil There was a significant advancement in pencil making made of lead. The pencils were for drawing and writing the different articles that saw the spread of knowledge in Europe. The rise of the printing press had a significant contribution to the current media houses and media technology. The printing press was the first media before the radio, television and the internet (Rashid, 2015). The invention of the pencil was helpful in ensuring that the potential of artists was able to spread to far geographical locations. It was very easy for the artists to work with the pencils more than waxes or stone tablets and even paints. There was an increase in different artistic styles in engineering and buildings. All these technological advancements required a nonverbal form of communication to be able to have success (Boruchoff, 2012). The pencil was offering a more durable and long-lasting form of communication that made engineers and architects advance considerably in the science. The pencil then moved from lead to graphite that made paper communication explode all over the world. It was the document development that made written form of communication cheap. The sketches and drawings from pencils were part of the discussion in the Renaissance era even before literacy was spread all over Europe. Material, Art and Spiritual changes from the Renaissance era The printing press with all the movable fonts led to the beginning of broadcasting, and there was now few nonverbal communication. Not just the material world, yet precisely the world spiritual measurement was given new visual expression. One illustration is Michelangelo's fresco in the Sistine Chapel. Compositions started to tackle a size that permitted messages and even entire stories to be passed on. Openly spaces this got to be principal to TV. Not every one of the messages was intended to be decipherable effortlessly, however. What's more, the interest on these messages proceeds? The broadcasting part of communication spread fast during the era and now it has grown and is having a single revolution through the internet. Apart from the material world getting a different dimension, the spiritual world also received a different major dimension (Rashid, 2015). It had a different visual expression from its previous eras. For instance, the artist Michelangelo paintings in the Sistine Chapel. The paintings in the chapel were a different size as compared to the previous pictures. The paintings were now a size where one could now communicate the messages, and now they could tell a full story, unlike the previous pictures (BBC History, 2007). The stories from the images were common, and now they became paramount to broadcasting. The messages were all not so obvious, and people are up to this day trying to figure most of the drawings and the images. Michelangelo created Adam in the Sistine Chapel that was an illustration of God’s creation. The creation was an illustration that Christianity was well spread in Europe and was very vibrant in Italy, Michelangelo’s home country. The creation is a biblical story about the beginning of time. The image is perfect in its proportion, thus a significant indication of knowledge of Italy. Knowledge was part of printing press importance as people were now able to use the knowledge in expressing themselves. On the off chance that Michelangelo draws these intentionally, then he must have depended on the general absence of anatomical information. Present day neuroscience demonstrates that mind and hand have neurologically interface to a level that makes us people special (BBC History, 2007). There are understandings the picture is about "taking in life" using finger and eye-contact, reminiscent of hyper-correspondence or neurons transmitting biochemical data over the fingers like synaptic clefts. Michelangelo's ideal feeling of body extent demonstrates the level of his necessary information. Although Michelangelo started anatomical learns at a congregation healing center at 17 years old, he painstakingly annihilated all confirmation of anatomical drawings to forestall allegations of illegal practice. He shows up, on the other hand, to have centerpieces of his works in that spot in the Sistine Chapel, pope's private house of prayer. In 2010, the picture of a human spinal harmony was "decoded." God's figure in the scene above is by all accounts implanted in an anatomically exact picture of the human cerebrum. If Michelangelo draws these deliberately, then he must have depended on the general absence of vital information(BBC History, 2007). The principle contributors to the Renaissance like Da Vinci, Dante, and Petrarch, ordered the medieval period as moderate and dim which didn't energize training and advancement and saw this time as an impediment inside in the way of life(Hause and Maltby, 2001). The essential society of the general public was such that all ought to live in peace however none ought to live superior to the next while the Renaissance then again empowered rivalry and focused on the significance of independence and individual abilities. While researchers amid medieval period considered old Greek and Roman reports to find out about God and Christianity, scholars amid the Renaissance period accomplished more research on humankind. The Renaissance period denoted the social arousing in the general public including restoration of learning, advancement of foundation and continuous change in instruction(Hause and Maltby, 2001). In spite of the fact that the Renaissance is the start of the advanced age, understand that this thought was detailed to stretch the uniqueness of present-day European society, and a critical distinction is a workmanship. The Renaissance craftsmen depicted articulations of man and religion through their specialty while the prior artisans illustrated a book of scriptures story. Whatever reality, this fresco has envisioned and in this way affected Western considering the most profound sense of being – so profoundly that numerous (supernatural) correspondence or creation scenes allude back to this. The "Man and Machine" photograph by NASA demonstrates a robot's hand on the left and the space explorer's hand on the good playing God. The symbolism is also part of the symbol that the Vodafone telecommunication company uses in their Machine to Machine communication of 2011. The Newspaper The daily newspaper is a posterity of the printing press from which the press determines its name. The sixteenth century has a rising interest in breakthrough data that cannot be secured adequately by the coursing manually written news sheets. For "picking up time" from the moderate replicating procedure, Johann Carolus of Strassburg is the first to distribute his German dialect Relation by utilizing a printing press (1605)(Weber, 2006). In quick progression, further German daily papers are set up in Wolfenbüttel (Avisa Relation order Zeitung), Basel, Frankfurt and Berlin. From 1618 onwards, venturesome Dutch printers take up the practice and start to give the English and French market with interpreted news (Weber, 2006). From 1618 onwards, risky Dutch printers use the practice and begin to give the English and French market with interpreted story. By the mid-seventeenth century, it is evaluated that official daily papers that delighted in the largest frame range up to 250,000 reads in the Holy Roman Empire, around one-quarter of the proficient literate population. The highlight of the newspaper and the spread led to much competition in the industry. It made an economic boom where many companies now had involvement in the prints and the daily news. The inventions of the Renaissance era made to solve communications age in that era and is still helping solve the communication problems. The printing press has enabled people to communicate easily and efficiently (Weber, 2006). Conclusion The Renaissance was a period of social arousing for individuals as it pushed advancement and changes in training separated from encouraging independence among the general population. The medieval age was weighed down with superstitions and establishments while the Renaissance period was an incredible arousing where men scrutinized the lawfulness of such foundations. There have been changes since the Renaissance era regarding communication. Without the invention in movable prints, there would not be able to make other inventions like the internet that we enjoy at the moment. The era saw the spread of the Protestant and the Christian faith through the production of the Bible in many languages. The period was thus critical in ensuring the problems were little to none regarding communication. References BBC History. (2007). Michelangelo. Retrieved on May 12, 2007 from Boruchoff, D. A. (2012). "The Three Greatest Inventions of Modern Times: An Idea and Its Public." Entangled Knowledge: Scientific Discourses and Cultural Difference, New York: Waxmann Publishing. Hans-Jürgen, S. (2012). The First Renaissance — 3: Changes in Communications. Retrieved on 9 August, 2012 from . Hause, S. and Maltby, W. (2001).A History of European Society. Essentials of Western Civilization, Vol. 2. Belmont, California: Thomson Learning. Inayatullah, S.and Milojevic, I. (2015). “Exclusion and communication in the information era.” New Renaissance Magazine. Man, J. (2002). The Gutenberg Revolution: The Story of a Genius and an Invention that Changed the World.London: Headline Review Publishers. Osborne, R. (2006). Civilization: a new history of the Western world. New York City: Pegasus Books. Rashid, A. (2015). How Did European Communication Change During the Renaissance?, Demand Media. Retrieved on 23 November, 2015 from . Weber, J. (2006), "Strassburg, 1605: The Origins of the Newspaper in Europe", German History 24 (3): 387–412. Wikander, C. (2000). “"Canals" in Wikander, Örjan, Handbook of Ancient Water Technology.” Technology and Change in History Journal. Read More