Analysing Historical Facts since the 1500s - Assignment Example

Historical topics since 1500s affiliation Short answer questions Feudalism. Feudalism is a national system which is neither political nor economic. the national system is known as the feudal government. It was the Major social system in ancient Europe. It flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries (Anderson, 1996). Suleiman the Magnificent VOC. He was the longest reigning sultan of the Ottoman empire. He was born in Turkey in 1494. Also known as the brilliant, his reign lasted from 1520 to 1566.he was the tenth sultan of Ottoman. Khanates. It is is a Mongolian word used to refer to a ruler. It can also refer to an important person in Asia or some Indian countries. Janissary. This is a Turkish word referring to a new soldier. These were infantry units forming the sultans guard between the 14th and 19th centuries. They were devoted, loyal and keen followers of the law. The force was created by Sultan Murad in 1383 (Rice, 1999). Devshirme. This was a Turkish term referring to blood tax. During this period, the Ottoman empire sent the military to abduct young guys. They were then converted to Islam. The ablest were trained for military and civil war. The age of the recruit was from 7 to 10 years (Menage, 1966). Koprulu . This refers to an ottoman noble family. The era lasted from 1656 to 1703. It is also a Turkish name for a town in the Republic of Macedonia founded by the Koprulu family. Mamluks. This is an Arabic word meaning property. It may also mean the slave of the king or white slave. It is, therefore, an Arabic designation of slaves. This dynasty lasted from 1250-1517. Mamluks had a special status in relation to the ordinary slaves and were considered to be real lords with status above freeborn Muslims. Oyo. This was a Yoruba kingdom or kingdom. It covered parts of Benin and Nigeria. In modern day, it is an inland state in southwestern Nigeria, and its capital is at Ibadan. It is the 14th largest state. It contains a number of natural features, and the climate is equatorial with relatively high humidity. Marco Polo. This was a Venetian merchant .his travels are recorded in livres des Merveilles. he was born in Venice hence Venetian nationality. He was born in 1254 and died in 1324. His book was highly publicized and introduced Europeans to Central Asia and China (Polo, 1854). Battle of Lepanto . This was a battle between Islamists and Christians. This fight took place in 1571 on 7th October. It was a naval engagement and it was between the Christians and the ottoman. The Islam were defeated at the end and more than 50000 casualties were reported. Enclosure. An enclosure is an area that is sealed off. Economic history defines compound as the process which ends traditional rights such as mowing meadows for hay. The appropriation of land can be done through a fence or other methods such as enclosing through a stone wall or such. Ibn Battuta. this was a Moroccan explorer who descended from the Berber. He was a great traveler whose tales were published in numerous books. He was born in 1304 and died on 1377 St. Petersburg. This is the second largest city in Russia. it is located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland. In the year 1914 the name of the town changed to Petrograd and changed back to St Petersburg in 1991 Versailles. This is a French city famous for its lovely historic architecture. It covers 17 acres and the Palace was opened in 1682. Black the Death. This was one of the most devastating deaths witnessed in the human history. An estimated 75 to 200 people between 1346-1353. These deaths were caused by a pathogen Yersinia pestis. It took 150 years for the population of Europe to recover (Holm & Dokka, 1993). Cossacks. This is 17th-18th century traditional clothing. It can also refer to a group of predominantly East Slavic people who became known as members of democratic, semi-military communities,[1] mainly located in Ukraine and Southern Russia Canton System. Served as a means for China to control wealth, all trade is focused on the southern port of Canton. The township system lasted between 1757-1842 Constantinople. The capital city of the Ottoman empires, It occupies one of the most beautiful and advantageous sites in the world. It was founded in 330 AD Ba bur.. This was a conqueror from Central Asia. Finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty in the Indian Subcontinent and became the first Mughal emperor. He lived from 14 February 1483 – 26 December 1530 (Haq, at al, 1995) Safavid Empire.this was one of the most significant ruling dynasties of Persia (modern Iran) after the fall of the Sasanian Empire. It lasted from 1501-1722.This Islamic Empire was strong enough to challenge the Ottomans in the west and the Mughals in the east. Akbar. This was the Mughal Emperor from 1556 until his death. His full names are Abul-Fath Jalal Ud-din Muhammad Akbar. He was the third and one of the greatest rulers of the Mughal Dynasty in India Inquisition. This refers to an ecclesiastical tribunal established by Pope Gregory IX circa 1232 for the suppression of heresy. It was active chiefly in northern Italy and southern France, becoming notorious for the use of torture. In 1542, the papal Inquisition was re-established to combat Protestantism, eventually becoming an organ of papal government. Jahangir . This was the fourth Mughal Emperor, who ruled from 1605 until his death in 1627. Nur-ul-din Mohammad Salim was his real name. Jahangir was an amicable, liberal Muslim—an emperor who loved painting, architecture, and the fine arts. Red Turban Movement. The Red Turban Rebellion lasted from 1854–1856. Sometimes known as the Red Turban Revolt, was a series of uprisings by members of the Tiandihui Shah Jahan. This was the fifth Mughal Emperor of India. His full name is Shahabuddin Muhammad Shah Jahan.He ruled from 1628 until 1658 Daimyos .daimyo were the most powerful feudal rulers from the 10th century to the middle 19th century in Japan. They were vassals of the shogun Aurangzeb. Hi was the sixth Mughal Emperor and ruled over most of the Indian subcontinent.he was commonly known as Aurangzeb Alamgir and by his imperial title Alamgir.he was born in 1618 and died in 1707 Hongwu Emperor. this was the founder and first emperor of the Ming Dynasty of China. His era name Hongwu means "vastly martial. The Hongwu Emperor is also known by his given name Zhu Yuanzhang and his temple name Ming Taizu Oprichnik.this was a member of an organization established by Tsar Ivan the Terrible to govern the division of Russia known as the Oprichnina (1565-1572). Cheng Ho.Zheng He, formerly Romanized as Cheng Ho, was a Hui court eunuch, mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral during Chinas early Ming Dynasty. He was born in 1371 and died in 1433.He was a contemporary of Columbus. The Grand Embassy. This was a Russian diplomatic mission, sent to Western Europe in 1697–1698 by Peter the Great. The goal of this mission was to strengthen and broaden the Holy League, Russias alliance with a number of European countries against the Ottoman Empire in its struggle for the northern coastline of the Black Sea, hire foreign specialists for Russian service, and to order and acquire military supplies and weapons. Officially, the Grand Embassy was headed by the "grand ambassadors" Franz Lefort, Fedor Golovin and Prokopy Voznitsyn (Obolensky, 1978). Encomenderos. This system of a tributary labor established in Spanish America. The encomion da was based on the Reconquest institution in which adelantados were given the right to extract tribute from Muslims or other peasants in areas that they had conquered and resettled. Ivan the Terrible. This was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547 and Tsar of All the Russian from 1547 until his death. He was the tsar of Russia from 1530-1584 and established a tradition of absolute rule. Mestizos this is a term traditionally used in Spain and Spanish-speaking America to mean a person of combined European and Native American descent. It also refers to someone who would have been deemed a Castizo (one European parent and one Mestizo parent ... Middle Passage. This was the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of people from Africa were shipped to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade (Naipaul, 2001). Hernan Cortes. This was a Spanish Conquistador, who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire. He was born in 1485 and died in 1547.he was of Spanish nationality. Aztecs .The Aztecs .people were certain ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of Mesoamerica from the 14th to 16th centuries. Moctezuma. He was the ninth tlatoani or ruler of Tenochtitlan, reigning from 1502 to 1520. During his reign, the Aztec Empire reached its maximal size. Through warfare, Moctezuma expanded the territory to a colossal extent. metis.The Métis are one of the recognized Aboriginal peoples in Canada. They trace their descent from mixed ancestry of First Nations and Europeans. The Métis homeland includes regions scattered across Canada, as well as parts of the northern United States Francisco Pizarro .Francisco Pizarro González was a Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire. Pizarro González was born in Spain, probably in 1471.He died in Lima, Peru, 26 June, 1541. Richelieu. He was a French clergyman, noble and statesman. Armand-Jean du Plessis (1585–1642),was better known in English-speaking countries as Cardinal Richelieu. He was the Cardinal of a Catholic Church. Columbian Exchange Louis XIII.Louis XIII was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1610 to 1643 and King of Navarre from 1610 to 1620.he was born on September 27, 1601, Fontainebleau, France Philip II .he was King of Spain from 1556 and of Portugal from 1581 Louis XIV. Known as Louis the Great or the Sun King, was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1643 until his death.Louis XIV of France ranks as one of the most remarkable rulers in history. He reigned for 72 years, 54 of them he personally controlled French government. Holy Roman Empire. The Holy Roman Empire was last established in 962 under Otto the Great. Holy Roman Empire had a ruler called the Roman Emperor, who claimed in principle to be the continuation of the Roman Empire and ruled mainly all of what is now Germany, Sengoku. This is a period in Japanese history marked by social upheaval, political intrigue and near-constant military conflicts. It is also known as the Warring States period. It came to an end when all political power was unified Martin Luther. Martin Luther was a German friar, priest and professor of theology who was a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation. he was of Romanian nationality. He died on February 18, 1546 Tokugawa Shogunate. This was the last feudal Japanese military government which existed between 1603 and 1868.The heads of state were the shotguns, The Tokugawa shogunate ruled from Edo Castle and the years of the shogunate became known as the Edo period. Counter-Reformation . Qing dynasty. The dynasty was founded by the Jurchen Aisin Gioro clan in Manchuria.it was the last imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912.It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and succeeded by the Republic of China. St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre. It occurred in 1572 was a targeted group of assassinations, followed by a wave of Catholic mob violence. The massacre took place five days after the wedding of the kings sister Margaret to the Protestant Henry III of Navarre. The massacre took place five days after the marriage of the kings sister Margaret to the Protestant Henry III of Navarre (Smither, 1991) Magellan Li Zicheng.. This was a Chinese rebel leader who overthrew the Ming dynasty in 1644. He was born Li Hongji, nicknamed "Dashing King.he was born on 22 September 1606 – 1645. Chartered companies. A chartered company is an association formed by investors or shareholders for the purpose of trade, exploration, and colonization. This type of corporation evolved in the early modern era in Europe.Chartered companies were commercial organizations that enjoyed special privileges granted by the state Zhang Xianzhong. Zhang Xianzhong or Chang Hsien-Chung, nicknamed Yellow Tiger, was a leader of a peasant revolt from Yanan, Shaanxi Province.He conquered Sichuan in the 17th century.he was born on September 18, 1606 and died on January 2, 1647 Thirty Years War. The Battle of Breitenfeld was fought September 17, 1631, during the Thirty Years War. it had 41500 protesters and 31300 Catholics The Forbidden City. The Forbidden City was the Chinese imperial palace from the Ming Dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty. It is located in the center of Beijing, China, and now Palace of Heavenly Purity - ‎Meridian Gate. It was opened in 1420 Elizabeth I. Elizabeth I was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. Sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana or Good Queen Bess, the childless Elizabeth was the fifth and last monarch of the Tudor dynasty. she was born in the United kingdom References Anderson, P. (1996). Passages from antiquity to feudalism (Vol. 2). Verso. Menage, V. L. (1966). Some notes on the Devshirme. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 29(01), 64-78. Polo, M. (1854). The travels of Marco Polo: the venetian. Bohn. Holm, D. K., & Dokka, R. K. (1993). Interpretation and tectonic implications of cooling histories: An example from the Black Mountains, Death Valley extended terrane, California. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 116(1), 63-80. Haq, I., Lincoln, P., Suh, D., Norden, B., Chowdhry, B. Z., & Chaires, J. B. (1995). Interaction of. delta.-and. lambda.-[Ru (phen) 2DPPZ] 2+ with DNA: a calorimetric and equilibrium binding study. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 117(17), 4788-4796. Rice, E. (1999). Representations of Janissary music (Mehter) as musical exoticism in western compositions, 1670–1824. Journal of Musicological Research, 19(1), 41-88. Obolensky, D. (1978). A Byzantine grand embassy to Russia in 1400. Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, 4(1), 123-132. Naipaul, V. S. (2001). The Middle Passage: Impressions of five colonial societies (Vol. 14). Pan Macmillan. Smither, J. R. (1991). The St. Bartholomews Day Massacre and Images of Kingship in France: 1572-1574. The Sixteenth century journal, 27-46. Read More