Answer on following questions - Essay Example

Other (s) African studies Question A number of legislations and court rulings both during the periods of the civil war and civil rights movements significantly affected the status of African American slaves. For example during the reconstruction era, the congress passed legislations such as the thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution which provided greater federal protection to the African Americans living in individual states. Similarly most of the court rulings during the period of civil rights resulted in greater freedoms, improved working conditions, racial equalities and desegregation of public institutions such as the military.

One of the notable court rulings was Griggs vs Duke Power Company (1971) which addressed work place discrimination Question 2 Throughout the Caribbean colonies, African labor emerged as the labor of choice because European plantation owners considered African laborers to be more efficient, valuable and cheaper than the native indentured servants that they previously used (Ba’ Nikongo, 152). The plantation life in the Caribbean colonies was characterized by African slaves working plantations as laborers for life.

The slaves were often treated by the European plantation owners as property with no rights. Question 3 During the 1930s and 1940s, there were a number of individuals and organizations which focused on digging the history of Africans and Negroes. One of these great individuals was an African American of Puerto Rican descent known as Arthur A. Schomburg who collected various books, documents and essays on the history of African people. The other notable individuals included Willis Huggins and John G.

Jackson who wrote a number of books on African history. On the other hand, the organizations which focused on the history of Africans included Harlem history Club and the African Students Union both of which attempted to define African people before the advent of slavery. The works of these individuals and organizations were significant because they provided the missing links in the history of African people.Works CitedBa’ Nikongo, Nikongo “The Caribbean: From Emancipation to Independence,” African Studies, 6.1 (2010): 151-162.Print