Effective Treatment Programs - Report Example

EFFECTIVE TREATMENT PROGRAMS ARE NOW BUILT AROUND PRINCIPLES OF RISK, NEED AND RESPONSIVITY.USING EXAMPLES, POINT TO SOME OF THE WAYS THESE PRINCIPLES ARE EMBEDDED IN TREATMENT PROGRAMS WITH PROVED EFFECTIVENESS Introduction The motivation levels of the offenders would be different when they come for treatment. The responsivity level will be different when they have different styles. The personality background of the offender is important when identifying the treatment program.( Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007).The treatment would be covering ways in which the offender would be learning new pro social skills. This has to be done with the basis of responsivity principle. The background of the offender should be done in such a way that the programs get matched. The treatment would be failing if it is not meeting the demand of responsivity. (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation, 2007) The treatment that has been given to the client should be designed in such a way that the risk of the client would be understood in detail and that is the basis of the risk principle (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation, 2007).The risk principle would be giving the facts that the behavior of the offender could be predicted and the treatment should be meeting that. The responsivity principle would be determining the treatment and that would be also determine the way treatment would be taken forward. (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation, 2007) The responsivity principle would be divided into parts namely general and specific responsivity. General responsivity would be using the cognitive social learning methods that will be influencing behavior. Cognitive social learning strategies could be considered as the important treatment ad this treatment would not be taking the type of offender and the offender could be female, aboriginal, psychopat and sex offender. There has been core correctional practices that could be said as modeling of the social and there could be problem solving that could be done by cognitive social learning approach. (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation, 2007) Treatment of drug patients When it comes to treatment, it has been found out that no single treatment would be appropriate. There has to be treatment matching and intervention that has to be done to the tune of the individual particular programs. This could be understood from the treatment of drug patients. There has to be treatment that has to be readily available to the drug patients and this should be done because the treatment setting should be meeting the individual problems and it has to be meeting the family workplace and society needs. The individual may not be knowing about the treatment and potential treatment of drug patients will be lost if the treatment is not readily available to the patients. There would be individual treatment that should be assessed continually and that should be modified to meet the changing needs of person. The patient would be requiring various combinations of services and there have been treatment components of counselling, psychotherapy, patient that would require medication, and other medical services. The patient would be requiring family therapy, parenting instruction, vocational rehabilitation and social and legal services. (Bonta, J., & Andrews, D. A. (2003). Every treatment of drug would be effective only if the treatment process takes long time and the duration would be fixed after understanding the need of the patients and it has been seen that there has to be a conscious treatment for at least three months for the drug patients to recover. The strategy should include keeping the patient in tune with the treatment and there has to be addressing issues of motivation, build skills to restrict drug use and there has to be activity of replacing drug using activities with constructive and rewarding non drug use and there has to be improving of problem solving abilities. There has been behavioral therapy that would be facilitating interpersonal relationships and that would be affecting the individual ability to function in the family and community. (Bonta, J., & Andrews, D. A. (2003). The drug treatment should be taking the issues like gender, ethnicity, age and social background, the experience gained from life and these factors are considered as important to the treatment of drug offenders. It could be seen that female offenders would be having less self-esteem and self-efficacy when compared with male offenders. . (Bonta, J., & Andrews, D. A. 2003). . Effective cognitive social learning strategies operate according to the following two principles (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation, 2007): 1) the relationship principle that could be termed as having a good working relationship with the client (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Major risk/need factor Traits Intervention goals The personality that display antisocial elements. (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) The personality traits could be Impulsive, adventurous, loving pleasure, highly aggressive with irritable nature. (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation, 2007.) Build self-management skills, teach anger management (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) The attitudes of the procriminal (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Rationalizations for crime, there has been negative attitudes towards the law (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Counter rationalizations with prosocial attitudes; build up a prosocial identity. (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) There has been social supports for crime(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Criminal friends, isolation from prosocial others(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Replace procriminal friends and associates with prosocial friends and associates(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) The abuse of the substance(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) It has been seen as the abuse of alcohol and/or drugs(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Reduce substance abuse, enhance alternatives to substance use(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Family/marital relationships(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Inappropriate parental monitoring and disciplining, poor family relationships(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Teaching parenting skills, enhance warmth and caring(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) School/work(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Poor performance, low levels of satisfactions(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Enhance work/study skills, nurture interpersonal relationships within the context of work and school(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Prosocial recreational activities(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Lack of involvement in prosocial recreational/leisure activities(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Encourage participation in prosocial recreational activities, teach prosocial hobbies and sports(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Lack of Self-esteem(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Poor feelings of self-esteem, self-worth(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Improve self esteem.( Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Vague feelings of personal distress(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Anxious, feeling blue(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Improve self esteem(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation, 2007) The personal strength and social biological factors would be understood when specific responsivity has been called for. (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation, 2007) The treatment should be done in such a way that it meets the required effect. The teaching method should be changed to meet the visual and auditory learners. The yeomen offenders should be given increased motivation and the barriers has to be reduced.( Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) The women offenders could be provided with like provide child care so the mother can attend treatment and for Aboriginal offenders like include elders and spiritual ceremonies along with structured cognitive behavioral treatment.( Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Offenders are not all alike, nor are all staff or treatment programs. The risk could be reduced if the treatment meets the offenders and counselors would be meeting the offenders. ( Bonta, J. 2002) The responsivity concept did not gain much attention during the past several decades mainly as a result of the way in which risk and need factors were conceptualized. As noted by ( Bonta, J. 2002), the efforts and others to develop a scheme for classifying offenders for treatment programs did not include cross-referencing how the different programs could address the underlying issues. The key issues would be motivation and treatability when deciding upon the treatment of the offender. The main points that should be used for the treatment 1. Include the offender 2. Is the offender having serious problem 3. has the treatment determined by goal 4is the offender motivated for treatment The emotional need of the offender in undertaking the treatment should be understood more Personality of drug offender The treatment would be determined by the personality and the attitude along with the responsivity factors. Temperamental and personality factors conducive to criminal activity, such as grandiosity, callousness, impulsivity, anger problems, egocentrism and poor problem-solving skills are all potential responsivity factors to consider. ( Bonta, J. 2002) Treatment Participation The treatment should be made effective and for this there has to be a feedback and this has to be done directly and not relying on the offender feedback. There has to be a mechanism that has to be taken to understand the feedback. In a similar vein, program completion, in and of it, will not provide with any additional information in terms of how to effectively manage the risk level of the offender. The staff should be measuring g the program content, the skills that has been acquired, the disclosure that has been made by the individual and the group, the confidence gained by the offender and the transfer of skills that has been given by real life situations. Program delivery The dosage should be covering the higher risk and that would be lessening the dropout from programs. Relationship skills: Respectful, collaborative, caring staff that employ motivational interviewing.( Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Structuring skills would be using prosaically modeling, and it will be also covering the reinforcement and disapproval program. (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) Continuity of service: Provision of services and ongoing monitoring of progress.( Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007) The other big problem when dealing with drug users has been the support of the family that has been needed and that would be speeding the recovery process and there has to be skill in handling the issue with the drug users. The responsivity should be done in such a way that the offender has been neglected and the treatment has been done by ignoring the needs of the drug user. Conclusion Every treatment should be covering the basic need of responsivity and these would include theAIDS program.The treatment should be covering the responsivity need and this could be done by overcoming the restriction that has been put forward by laws. The relation between self esteem and risk taking should be documented and the criminalization would be causing the psychological issue that would encourage risky behavior. The risky behavior that has to be overcoming the restriction that has been put by regulation in laws and criminalization and socio-cultural/religious stigma and hostility make it very difficult for groups and organizations of sex workers, to legally register their organizations. It is against this background that the aim of the essay has to be understood in detail. It is in this background that the risk assessment would be taken and more steps would be taken to ensure that the patients are given the correct program.The responsivity program could be applied to women offenders(Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007), mentally disordered offenders (Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation,2007). There has been issues when the offender would be looking the treatment process in not a motivated manner and that would mean the treatment people would get demotivated and the treatment people would be forcing the authorities to change the offender from the hospital to some other areas. The treatment process would be complicated the moment the patient is identified as an psychopath and this has be to considered as an risk. There has to be patient building up of responsivity problem on the minds of the patients and this need not be successful in one to two sessions and these may be have to be covered in a long period of time. There has to be clinical approach for risk assessment (Lindsay & Beail, 2004) and there has to be clear guidelines in increasing the motivation of the offenders.( Dowden, C., & Andrews, D.A., 2000) Reference “Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation”,2007, Public Safety Canada, Retrieved from http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/res/cor/rep/risk_need_200706-eng.aspx Bonta, J. (2002). Offender risk assessment: Guidelines for selection and use. Criminal Justice and Behavior, Vol.29, pp.355-379 Bonta, J., & Andrews, D. A. (2003). A commentary on Ward and Stewart's model of human needs. Psychology, Crime, and Law, Vol.9, pp.215-218 Dowden, C., & Andrews, D.A. (2000). Effective correctional treatment and violent reoffending: A meta-analysis. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 42, 449-476 Lindsay, W.R., & Beail, N. (2004). Risk assessment: Actuarial prediction and clinical judgment of offending incidents and behaviour for intellectual disability services. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 17, 229-234 Read More