Urinary incontinence - Article Example

Analysis of Risk Factors for Urinary Incontinence Dr. Zaheera Saadia Qassim College of Medicine, Saudi Arabia Zaheera Saadia, Assisstant Professor Obstetrics and GynaecologyName of Department: Qassim University, College of Medicine, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Dr Zaheera Saadia Email: zaheerasaadia@hotmail.com Ph:00966-558690574 Mailing address: Alrajhi building 4, Apartment 108, King Khalid Road, Buraidah, Al-Qassim ,Saudi ArabiaConflict of interest: Author has no conflict of interestAbstractAim of Study:This study aimed at conducting an analysis into the risk factors that are related to urinary incontinence.

Introduction:The introduction briefly introduces the risk factors that are considered in this article. It also gives brief introductions on some of the researches previously carried out on the topic of urinary incontinence.Background: The research article then looks at the background of women with urinary incontinence and exposed to different demographic factors. The study was conducted in Qassam University Clinic, Buraidah from March to May 2015. It involved a sample of women under the following demographic factors; participants age, level of education, body mass index (BMI) and parity.

The people involved in the study were observed and given questionnaires to fill. Results and Analysis:The data collected was then analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Z-tests were conducted for every demographic factor and the results are then discussed comprehensively citing various studies that have been conducted before. Discussion:Analysis shows that age and BMI increase chances of urinary infection and consequently urinary incontinence. Women of lower educational levels record more cases of urinary incontinence due to lack of general information about the condition.

Women with higher parity levels also record more cases of urinary infections and subsequently urinary incontinence.Finally, the research article ends with a conclusion on the factors for risk of urinary incontinence.Effect of age, educational status, parity and BMI on development of urinary incontinenceBackgroundThis observational study aimed at describing the determinants and factors more likely to be responsible for urinary incontinence. Women who had urinary incontinence and women without urinary incontinence were compared with regards to their demographic features and risk of development of urinary problems.

The group1 women were asked two more questions whether or not they had sought medical help and how long the problem had existed.MethodsThe study was conducted at Qassim University Clinic, Buraidah from March-May 2015 as a descriptive cross sectional study.Results: Conclusion: Key Words: Urinary incontinence, Saudi ArabiaIntroductionUrinary Incontinence is a disorder that can be basically explained as inability to control or loss of bladder control. According to Danford et al, there exists risk factors that cause increased chances of urinary incontinence, especially among women of child bearing age (Danford, 2006).

These risk factors can either cause short term or temporary urinary incontinence or they can cause long term or permanent urinary incontinence. This article is about some of these risk factors that may lead to urinary incontinence. The risk factors covered in this article are age, education levels, parity and BMI. According to Rogers, age is a significant risk factor especially for women who have given birth through vaginal method. Stress incontinence is more common in these women as it may result in destroyed pelvic muscles (Rogers, 2008).

Body weight is also a significant risk factor which weakens the detrusor muscles. According to Subak et al, urinary incontinence is more common among women who are overweight (Subak et al, 2009). Education level in women is highly related to hygiene and Urinary tract infections. These risk factors were chosen for analysis as they are the most significant and most common and they form the basis for diagnosis for urinary incontinence.MethodsThe study was conducted from March-May 2015 as a descriptive cross sectional study at Qassim University Clinic, Buraidah.

A self-structured proforma was used to collect the data. Qassim University Clinic is a major facility in the region. ResultsThe Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 22 (SPSS 22) was used to conduct proportion z-tests to determine what factors are more likely to be responsible for urinary incontinence. The demographic factors examined included participants age, level of education, body mass index (BMI) and parity. Additional factors included whether or not participants had experienced any of the following problems; diabetes, prolapse, stress incontinence (SI), urgency, nocturia, frequency, urge incontinence, urinary tract infection (UTI), obstructed labor, neurological disease, chronic constipation, respiratory disease, abdominal masses, and atrophic vaginitis.

In order to test the hypothesis, differences between two groups on the aforementioned factors were examined. The groups included participants that reported having urinary problems (n = 111) and those who do not have urinary problems (n = 100). However, for participants that do not have any urinary problems, none stated that they experienced the following factors SI, urgency, nocturia, frequency, urge incontinence, UTI, obstructed labor, neurological disease, chronic constipation, respiratory disease, abdominal masses, and atrophic vaginitis.

Thus, participants that did not have urinary problems were not assessed on those factors and frequency statistics for those with urinary problems were presented.Age Proportion z-tests were conducted to determine if any significant differences in the frequency of participants having urinary problems and those who do not have urinary problems exist between age groups (21-30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old, 51 years and above). The distribution of age groups was fairly evenly distributed for participants with a urinary problem; however, for those without a urinary problem, 83.

0% of the participants were 40 years old or younger (n = 83) and none were older than 50. Displayed in Table 1 is a cross tabulation of urinary problem groups (with and without by age group). Results from the proportion tests revealed that there were significant differences in the frequency of urinary problems between 21-30 year olds (p < 0.001) and participants’ 51 years and older (p