Project Management, Planning, and Control - Assignment Example

Observation is relatively expensive, has limited scope, and may be susceptible to environmental factors. Interviews involve the oral presentation of prompts to which a research participant responds and could be face-to-face or involve the use of technologies such as phones or computers and internet applications for oral and visual communication over long distances. Unlike in observation, interviews involve the research participants and therefore induce threats of participant bias though it offers more in-depth information. Questionnaires, however, have written prompts and establish a distinction between a researcher and research participants. It is less expensive, convenient, and flexible, and the use of technology, such as online enhances these advantages (Kothari, 2004).

The research aims at developing knowledge, from existing data, for solving a problem or bridging the information gap and reliability and validity ensure the realization of the aims. Reliability defines consistency in data and ensures that results and implications are consistent with the identified problem while validity ensures accuracy in knowledge development for addressing a research problem (Heavey, 2014).

It is necessary to code collected data before analysis because coding aligns data with analysis objectives and selected analysis techniques (Lester, 2013). Gender is one of the identified variables and 1 will represent male while 2 will represent female.