The Experiences of Men Diagnosed with Breast Cancer - Assignment Example

The Experiences of Men Diagnosed with Breast Cancer Introduction Pituskin, Williams, Au, and McDonald (2007) was a qualitative research study aimed at describing the experiences of men diagnosed with breast cancer. The study adds to the existing body of knowledge on breast cancer, which is a major health problem across the globe (Anderson & May 1995). As a result of the study, the researchers found out that men who had been diagnosed with breast cancer had high chances of depicting psychological problems. Such problems included feelings of isolation, masculinity, as well as phobia towards other breast cancer patients, especially women. Following the conduction of the study, the researchers recommended that public and health professionals should raise awareness on male breast cancer in order to encourage men to undergo testing in order to identify breast cancer and the related malignancies in their early stages (Boehmer 2012). Because of the rampant cases of late discovery of breast cancer in male patients, the study would act as a major contribution towards th enhancement of better public health. The study will be a key source material for other studies aimed at the topic of breast cancer in men. The research problem in this case has a clear definition as coming up with the adequate level of evidence to ensure effective medical care in the complex healthcare settings (Quach 2012). It is important to note that global health practice environment is becoming more complex, with professional requirements and patient demands increasing by day. With such dynamic settings and demands, health professionals need adequate evidence in order to make the right health-related decisions. With this in mind, the problem is significant enough to justify investigation. The Literature Review The literature review provides an adequate core evidence synthesis on the topic of the study. It involves an analysis of the available literature and thus, a judgment of the effectiveness of the practice. The literature review acts as a predetermined plan of minimizing bias in researching the topic of the study, as well as a process of ensuring rigor in making findings. The literature review of the research study creates a good basis for the stating of the hypotheses and the research questions that are involved in the study. However, the study does not clearly state the research questions. However, it able to depict the researchers’ won speculation that male patients diagnosed with breast cancer depict signs of psychological problems, such as depression. The hypothesis sets a good basis for the users of the study’s information to have a clue of the topic and its relationship with global public health. The dependent variable in the study is the level to which psychological problems are rampant among men. The dependent variable was determined by the independent variable such as knowledge that breast cancer can be diagnosed in men, male patients’ concerns with disclosure, negative attitude towards cancer, as well as extent of comfort when diagnosed with the disorder. Procedures The measures and procedures used in the study are subject to a thorough description in their sequence of occurrence. The researchers adequately cover the topic, especially in the introduction part to inform the participants above the breast cancer problem and the threat it poses to global public health. The researchers have taken it as a matter of concern to describe each of the measures that determine the findings of the study. The forms of presentation of the measures in the research study include the healthcare evidence, evidence synthesis, transfer, as well as analysis. The researchers used such measures as appropriateness, meaningfulness, effectiveness, as well as feasibility in an attempt to come up with a mode of determining the impact of each qualitative variable on the independent variable. In addition, the researchers described the data collection methods in a thorough manner. The steps followed in collecting data concerning the variables have an adequate description, which makes it possible to replicate the study. In addition, the treatments of the variables concerned in the study are not standardized which ensures that extraneous sources of errors can use randomization in treating the assigned groups. However, the study uses a conventional confidence level of 95% in order to express different degrees of certainty. Design The research design adopted by the researchers was great in defining the nature of the problem. Due to the limited availability and accessibility of information related to breast cancer in men, the researchers made the use of a narrative qualitative design. Such a design was advantageous for easily and informative exploration and understanding of the impacts of the disorder. Additionally, it would act as a good basis for individuals to make their life experiences, as breast cancer patients for the research study was explicitly identified as qualitative in nature. Such a methodology, acted as a means of helping breast cancer victims to gain confidence and live more interesting and meaningful life as opposed to instances when they did not have information on the problem. Sample The research study applied random sampling in order to select the participants in the study. This was an advantageous approach towards achieving the study’s objectives as it gave participants equal opportunities to participate at their will. In addition, the sample included participants that were volunteering and willing to participate in the study, which in turn achieves the objective objectives without offending the participants. Instrumentation The study applies the use of different instruments with an aim of investigating the variables. Such instruments include the participants’ response transcripts that included interview questions and their responses. The researchers used an exhaustive review of all the responses and further tabulated the information to give an impression of the experiences that breast cancer male victims undergo. On the contrary, the study is a bit inadequate in providing the instruments applied. In order to retain credibility, it would be important to descri8be the analysis process in a clear manner. 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