Sources of Autoimmune Diseases - Essay Example

? RISK FACTORS FOR DISEASE Task: Risk Factors for Disease Introduction Recent research indicates that vaccines may be dangerous to the body. It is crucial to trace the effects of different vaccines on the functioning of human beings. Pommerville (2009 pg 484) sums the detrimental effects of vaccines in the body by indicating, “Some individuals’ immune system can react differently to a vaccine”. This statement provides the platform for this paper since it seeks to understand the extended and short-term detrimental effects of vaccines on the body. It is important to analyze different categories of vaccines such as travel, which encompass yellow fever and hepatitis, as well as non-travel vaccines. 1. The source of the disease trigger Shoenfeld and Molina indicate that vaccinations are sources of autoimmune diseases. In as much as the etiology of such ailments is unknown, it is crucial to acknowledge that children often develop the ailment after vaccination. Apparently, the body’s reaction to foreign entities, which cause disease, equally applies to vaccines. Shonfeld and Molina quote that the vaccination issued for “measles, polio and GBS” are treated as invasions to the body (Molina & Shoenfeld 2005, pg 236). This means that the body is likely to generate responses that curb their effect. Another example of a vaccine that acts as a disease trigger is MMR, which culminate in autoimmune thrombocytopenia (Molina & Shoenfeld 2005, pg 236). The basis of this process is evident when Microbial antigens stimulate cross-reactive immune rejoinders on self-antigens, while contagions can non-specifically boost their arrangement within the immune structure (Wraith, Goldman & Lambert 2003, pg 1659). Additionally, the extensive use of the innovative “Haemophilus meningitis vaccine” gives rise to ailments such as diabetes amongst children following their vaccination process (Neustaedter ND). 2. How the disease trigger effects the pathophysiology of the human body The basis of the disease trigger is evident within an extended period. A study posted in a renowned journal indicates that the measles vaccine often culminates in a distortion of interferon production. Interferon is produced by lymphocytes, which leads the host to be defiant to infection. Its presence arises from the presence of a disease-causing organism (Neustaedter ND). This insinuates that the basis of the measles vaccine is long-term and arises from the interruption of interferon production. Concurrently, some scientists acknowledge that vaccines might be affecting our body’s capacity to respond usually to infection, and creating the environment for autoimmune obliteration (Neustaedter ND). The loads of reports of autoimmune trends that happen as rejoinders to vaccination offer irrefutable substantiation that distorting the immune structure causes disease. Additionally, “Haemophilus meningitis vaccine” affects the poise of sugar within the body thus making it difficult for the body to react appropriately to changes within the external environment. It is equally paramount to exemplify the effects of the Hepatitis B vaccine on the body. Indeed, it culminates in dysfunctional nervous system, which begins to attack the body’s cells, which are located within the nerves together with the joints. 3. The levels or exposure that would be considered a risk factor for disease In order to determine the levels of exposure, it is crucial to focus on the risk groups that are the most susceptible to the negative effects of vaccines. Children aged below six months usually have a dangerous reaction of neurotropic disease after higher exposure. Administering yellow fever vaccine to such children predisposes them to autoimmune diseases. Additionally, children within the same age category equally suffer from autoimmune ailments after the administration of “measles, polio, GBS, MMR, and haemophilus meningitis vaccine” (Neustaedter ND). Pregnancy emerges as risk factor for the disease because vaccination is not advisable during such conditions. Travelling pregnant women treated for yellow fever could bear children suffering congenital contagion. During travel, persons suffering from ailments unrelated to the vaccine issued are vulnerable to ailments once they receive the dose (Hardiman & Wilder-Smith 2007, pg 141). This is attributable to the notion that their immune is compromised such that the introduction of new microbial agents, will distort their functional capacity. Additionally, the vaccines affect elderly people whose immune status is deteriorating. 4. The types of diseases this trigger been linked to “Measles, polio and GBS” often give rise to autoimmune disease since the immune system begins attacking the normal functioning cells within the body (Neustaedter ND). Research is deficient on additional ailments arising from the vaccination process. It is important to acknowledge that substantial verification indicates that there is no correlation amid MMR and autism (Gorman 2002). However, MMR vaccination appears to escalate preexisting autism condition (Gorman 2002). Hepatitis B vaccine equally leads to neurological disorder, which becomes manifest on the cells. Concurrently, the administration of yellow fever vaccine causes neurotropic disease, which occurs among youngsters (Knipe 2007, pg 80). Furthermore, the ailment can affect adults. The vaccine reacts with other human conditions thus worsening their effects on the human body. The vaccine also culminates in viscerotropic ailment. This disease shapes organs by negating their capacity under standard levels. The disease has diverse severity levels among victims. It can cause mild sickness associated with organ dysfunction. Additionally, it leads to escalated severity associated with several organs failing to work at standard levels. The disease can also culminate in a person’s demise. Hepatitis A vaccine also has connections with autoimmune hepatitis that affects the liver. Ways that a Person can reduce their Exposure to this Trigger Since vaccines appear as the triggers for the ailments mentioned within the paper, it is crucial to acknowledge that individuals can adopt several strategies to safeguard their health. First, it is crucial to focus on the standardized procedures that are recommendable by drug regulatory bodies. Indeed, most of these vaccines are valid yet they are always altered with the intention of addressing deficiencies. It is such revised versions that the clients should embrace. It is necessary not to provide vaccines to persons mainly children still recovering from ailments. This often affects their immune mechanism thus predisposing them to numerous ailments. It is equally necessary for individuals to consume vaccines, which are important rather than procedural (Neustaedter ND). This means that travelers ought to avoid unnecessary vaccines especially when visiting areas that do not present health challenges. Conclusion Numerous research articles indicate that vaccines are leading causes of autoimmune disorders. As indicated in the paper several lives especially amongst children are affected by vaccines. Furthermore, different categories of vaccines such as travelling, which encompass yellow fever and hepatitis, as well as non-travel vaccines lead to different ailments. An example is hepatitis, which culminates in neurological disorders. Concurrently, yellow fever gives rise to viscerotropic ailments (Hardiman & Wilder-Smith 2007, pg 141). Vaccines contain microbial agents, which are the sources of ailments. An example is measles vaccine, which affects the production of interferon. Furthermore, it is apparent that other vaccines such as polio, GBS, MMR and “Haemophilus meningitis vaccine” act as triggers (Neustaedter ND). The levels affected by the vaccines incorporate children, pregnant women together with travelers. As a result, deterrent measures ought to be adopted such as the use of repellants for mosquitoes. List of References Gorman, C 2002, Do Vaccines Cause Autism? Time Magazine Viewed October 11 from http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1003673,00.html Hardiman, M, & Wilder-Smith, A 2007, the Revised International Health Regulations and Their Relevance to Travel Medicine, Journal of Travel Medicine, Vol. 14, pp. 141–144. Knipe, D 2007, Fields virology, Volume 1, Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Molina, V & Shoenfeld, Y 2005, Infection, vaccines and other environmental triggers of autoimmunity, Informa healthcare, Vol. 38, No. 3 , Pages 235-245 Wraith, D, Goldman, M & Lambert, P 2003, Vaccination and autoimmune disease: what is the evidence? The Lancet, Volume 362, Issue 9396, Pages 1659-1666 Neustaedter, R ND, Do Vaccines Disable The Immune System. Healthy Child Viewed 10 October 2011 from http://www.healthychild.com/vaccine-choices/do-vaccines-disable-the-immune-system/ Pommerville, J 2009, Alcamo's fundamentals of microbiology: Body systems edition, New York, NY, Jones & Bartlett Learning Read More