Physics Describes Matter as Different Combinations of Fundamental Principles - Research Paper Example

?Full and section number of Nature is nothing but physics. Physics describes matter as different combinations of fundamental principles that interact through fundamental forces. Physics surrounds us. Physics is the backbone to life in earth. All sorts of technology we use in our daily life are connected to physics. An electric light, a vehicle, a radio or whatever appliances we use, everything has physics principles it. Physics has innumerable application in daily life. As a basic example, we can consider is the driving of a car. As the car moves at a speed, the objects inside will also move at the same speed. When the car stops suddenly the objects inside the car will continue to move forward unless it is stopped by some object like seat belt. The physics principle behind this process is inertia. Inertia is explained by Isaac Newton in his first law of physics. Inertia is the idea that moving objects will continue to do so unless an external force is applied to stop it. Inertia is one of the basic principles of physics that has innumerable applications. Principles of inertia are applied in several fields where speed, motion and direction are crucial factors. Knowing the basic idea of inertia helps us understand the way objects move in the universe. Inertia is therefore important in the development of various products. The interesting principle of inertia touches almost every aspects of our daily life. Appliances like refrigerator, air conditioners and heat pumps function on the second law of thermodynamics. Heat energy spontaneously flows from a hot body to a cold body. In order to make heat flow from cold body to hot body work must be done. A process, a cycle is continuously happening in a refrigerator. A liquid refrigerant substance is getting vaporized in the cooling coils. Heat in the surroundings is absorbed by this fluid. The fluid gets vaporized and this cools the fridge. The same principle is applicable in heat pumps and air conditioners. Pressure cooker which is used in our kitchen works on a physics principle. Vaporization principle is the secret behind pressure cooker. Pressure gets formed inside the cooker as the water boils. Boiled water produces steam which makes the temperature rise. The pressure and the high temperature inside the cooker make the food cooked. The high pressure and temperature reduces the cooking time. The pressure of the steam aggravates the gas pressure above the water. Boiling point is easily achieved by increase in pressure. Pressure cooker works on this principle. Devices like radio and telephone convert acoustic energy into electrical energy and electrical energy back to acoustic energy. Wirelessly transmitted electromagnetic waves are received by television and it is converted into light energy and acoustic energy. This is the principle behind the working of television. Toothpaste we use in every life is an example of the application of a physics principle. Applyig pressure on any part of the toothpaste tube makes the paste come out through the outlet. Pascal a Frenchman found out that if pressure is applied to any area of a confined fluid, pressure would get transmitted to all other parts with no loss. The applied pressure would put equal force on all parts of the confined walls. The force also comes perpendicular to the walls. If we put a hole in the toothpaste tube and push at any part of the tube, paste would come out through the hole. The force gets transmitted from one place to another through the liquid, which is the toothpaste. The same principle is used in hydraulic machines. Bicycles we use in daily life works on a physics principle. The prominent force that helps a bicycle to balance is centripetal force. A bicycle has two wheels kept in straight alignment. For a beginner it would be difficult to balance a bicycle. However, certain physics principles makes bicycle ride possible. When a revolving wheel rotates around a central axis in a single direction the wheel is prompted to continue moving in the same direction. When the wheel reaches a certain speed the centrifugal force interferes. The centrifugal force prevents the wheel to be pushed or pulled in another direction. The resistance formed by the centrifugal force in the wheel is much higher than the gravitational pull of the ground. As the wheels move in the same direction the bicycle is easily balanced. A pulley is a simple machine that gives a good mechanical advantage. Pulley works on a physics principle. Pulley redirects and increases the force put on a load. This makes it easier to move the load. Pulley is used to lift heavy objects. When the distance is increased, for example when using a long handle on a screwdriver, the amount of the need force is reduced. Pulleys give big advantage; pulleys reduce the need of force. System of pulleys is used in mechanical works for decreasing the need of force. Lever, screw and wheel are examples of other simple machines that work on simple physics principles. A thermos flask which we use to keep liquids hot works on a physics principle. The insulating property of the air is the secret of a thermos flask. A thermos flask has two walls. An empty space is kept between these two walls. Inside and outside parts of the walls are built of materials that do not transfer heat. The hot contents inside the flask remains hot because the air between the two layers and the outer layer of the flask reduce the heat transfer in and out of the flask. Vehicles we use for traveling has physics principles as its working strategy. A car is an energy converter. Energy conversion in a car makes it run. In a car, the energy stored in the fuel (petrol or diesel) get converted into mechanical energy. This mechanical energy makes gears and wheels move. Wheels power the vehicle; the mechanical energy transforms to kinetic energy. This kinetic energy makes the car move. An electric fan is yet another example of application of physics theory in daily life. An electric fan includes an electric motor and few blades. Spinning of the motor makes the blades rotate. The inclined plane of the blade rotates and moves the air. The air ahead is pushed forward. Continuous pushing of the air by the blades creates an air stream. Fan takes air from behind and pushes it forward. The warm dense air rises up and cool air descends. This forms coolness in the air. References Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose (1996), The Nature of Space and Time Roni Sarig, The Everything Bicycle Book, Adams Media Corporation, 1997 Goldstein, Sydney (1969). "Fluid Mechanics in the First Half of this Century". Annual Reviews in Fluid Mechanics Read More