Corporate Social Responsibility and Business Ethics - Annotated Bibliography Example

Corporate social responsibility and Business Ethics Assessment 1: Annotated Bibliography Topic: Should Oil Companies be Seen as Environmental Vandals? Name ID Date There have been numerous debates concerning oil companies’ performance and their overall impact on the environment. A chronological event of improper management of oil companies have led to a series of oil spills in the oceans hence leading to marine and aquatic degradation. Idahosa, P. (Sep 2002). Business ethics and development in conflict (zones): The case of Talisman Oil. Journal of Business Ethics, 39, 3; ABI/INFORM Global pg. 227. Description This article is about Talisman Oil, which operates in conflict zones. This firm has not played any important role in controlling war in the war tone country of Northern Africa, but instead has been the center of conflict between the south and northern Sudan. The Canadian company presence in Sudan has not led to any development but continued degradation of peace and environment. Analysis This article provides a more reliable concept of the war in Sudan. It highlights the different examples of conflicts that arise in areas where Talisman Oil banks exist. The article further explores using examples some of the relevant history of Sudan making it a strategic place for oil business. The article explores the religious background that attracts Asian countries hence leading to the core conflict between Talisman and other interested foreign Oil companies. Evaluation The articles contribution to the topic is relevant. It describes how Oil companies presence in foreign countries lead to war instead of creating peaceful co-existence and development. Kadafa, A. A. (2012). Oil Exploration and Spillage in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. Oil Exploration and Spillage in the Niger Delta of Nigeria, Vol 2, No.3, 38-50. Description This article talks about the Niger Delta Oil spillage. It is estimated that approximately 1.5 million tons of oil has been spilled over several decades since the discovery of oil occurred. Niger Delta is also one of the largest wetland in Africa supporting diverse species of flora and fauna, which support a larger population of the surrounding communities. Oil spillage in Niger Delta has led t gross environmental loss and extinction of some species of flora and fauna. Analysis Oil spills pose a major environmental threat in the world with estimations of 0.7-1.7 million tons of oil spills occurring every year. The increased rise in oil spills if not controlled can lead to total destruction of the ecosystem. There are 11 oil companies in Niger Delta operating 159 oil fields. In addition to this, 1,481 wells have been dug in Niger Delta. This article relies on primary and secondary sources in providing its information. The key research conducted in this article shows conclusively the effect of oil companies on environmental degradation. Evaluation This article describes clearly the effect of oil companies to the environment. It specifically accounts the total numbers of oil companies and the amount of spillage occurring every year. This article is relevant to the topic of discussion since it shows that oil companies are environmental vandals and do not lead to development. Badejo, P. C. (2000). Impacts and Management of Oil Spill Pollution along the Nigerian Coastal Areas. Spills in the Niger Delta:Urhobo Historical Society, 1-56. Description This article describes the management of oil spills in the coastal region of Nigeria. The town is an economic town with many oil fields surrounding the town. This article outlines a series of oil spills in Nigeria. For example, the Escravo spill of 300,000 barrels in 1978, SPDC Forcados terminal tank failure in 1978 leading to a spill effect of 580, 000 barrels, Texaco Funiwa -5 in 1980 lading to spills of 400,000 barrels and many others. In 1980 there was a 200,000 barrel spill in Funiwa 5 offshore leading to destruction of 340 hectares of mangrove. The article reiterates on the importance of managing oil spills along the Nigerian Coastal line to avoid the destruction of marine life. Analysis This article relies on both secondary and primary source in its analysis. For example, data from Oil pollution Act of 1990 in Nigeria has shown that oil spillage and prevention has reduced drastically since the Act came into action in 1990. However, the enacting of this policy has not solved the major environmental problems that the world is facing from oil spillage. Evaluation This article is relevant to the topic as it tries to show the impact of controlling oil spillage. The article proves that presence of oil companies have resulted in oil spillage with gross die affects hence the need to regulate them. Irrespective of this, the article does not solve the oil spillage the world is experiencing today. Ramseur, J. L. (2010). Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill:The Fate of the Oil. Congrational Research Service, pg 24. Description This article is about the explosion of the Deep water Horizon offshore drilling rig in 2010 which led to the largest oil spill in US waters. 200 millions of gallons of crude oil were spilt in a span of 84 days. An interesting question about the spill is where did the oil go since the company cannot account for the total spillage. Analysis This article reviews the actual events that took place during the spill. The article identifies ways, which were used in clearing the oil spill from the shore. Some of the ways suggested as burning has only transferred the effects of carbon from sea to the air. Evaluation This article is relevant to the topic since it describes the series of events taken in case of an oil spill. The processes indicate transfer of carbon from the sea to the atmosphere hence accelerating the effects of oil companies to the environment instead of reducing them. Etkin, D. S. (2000). Worldwide Analysis of Marine Oil Spill Cleanup Cost Factors. Port Technology International, Vol. 8: p. 237-242. Description This article analyzes the cost of oil spillage factors. The article argues that oil clean up processes depend on several factors ranging from location, type of oil, spill size, and strategy hence making it difficult to estimate the cost of cleanup per unit factor. The findings of this article suggest that cost of cleanup is different due to countries values, socio economic factors, and labor factors. The research indicate that Africa bears the worst clean up processes due to the above named factors hence leading to massive degradation of ecosystem. Analysis This research article uses primary and secondary findings in analyzing the cost of cleaning up oil spillages in the world. Amongst the troubling factors are the locations where the oil spills occur. The paper also suggests that heavy fuels produced in the Niger Delta are more expensive to clean up than lighter fuels. Evaluation This article is relevant to the topic of discussion. It summarizes the costs of cleaning up oil spills. The article indicates that Africa suffers the most in terms of clean up due to various cultural and socioeconomic factors. Tkalich P., M. H. (2003). A Multiphase Oil Spill Model. Journal of. Hydraulic Research, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 115–125. Description This article describes the effects of oil spills in the Niger Delta and its profound effects of the mangrove. Lots of oil spillage occurs along the shore. Mangroves are found along the coast and this article shows the effect of oil spillage on mangroves. Analysis This article uses primary and secondary data in its research. It also utilizes both peer reviewed and non-peerreviewed articles to present its findings. Consequently, it shows that mangroves ecosystem is under threat due to recent oil spillages occurring along the coastlines. Evaluation This article is relevant to the topic of discussion. However, it fails to identify solutions that can help in presenting the decline of mangrove ecosystem. Read More