Regional Efforts to Mitigate Climate Change - Coursework Example

Global Climate Change and Regional Efforts to Mitigate This Climate Change Introduction Climate can be defined as the general weather conditions of certain regions along with temperature, rainfall as well as wind. Global warming is recognized as an increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere on the earth. India is the second country in the world in terms of population, but it exhibits a wide diversity of temperature (Leiserowitz & Thaker, 2011). China is a developing country in the world, which is also a most populated one. The climate and ecological environment of China is complex. China has faced the problem of regular dangerous weather condition. In this regard, to protect the nature and mitigate the issues relating to global climate change, it is important to increase ecological awareness (National Development and Reform Commission, 2013). This paper intends to explain about the global climate change and regional efforts to mitigate this climate change. It focuses on the current governmental approach to mitigate the problem of climate change in Asian countries that include India and China as well as the mitigation programs of these countries. In addition, the effectiveness of the climate change programs has been discussed. Current Governmental Approach to Mitigating or Controlling the Climate Change Problem in India India is the second leading populated and fourth largest economy in the world. The objective of nation is to reduce the problem of poverty, provide full service to the people and ensure the availability of food energy as well as economic security. The climate change mitigation approaches include reduction in the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The government has adopted certain courses of actions that are available to report the challenges related to climate change such as adapting to the consequences of climate change as well as mitigating climate change through the reduction of GHG concentration (Chandler & et. al., 2002). Adaption focuses on implementing measures, which enable people to alter their life style in an effective way that reduce the impact of climate change on their daily lives. Measures are driven through nature as well as degree of climate change. Adaption measures involves in promoting efficient use of resources of water, improving the low-cost technologies for desalinating sea water, improving health care and constructing building as well as infrastructure. Enact the regional, national, international as well as local approaches to reduce the long-term cost and magnitude of action, which are needed to respond to climate change through the well-designed adaption measures. In India, the clean development mechanism is an incentive-based approach, which is important to reduce the issue of climate change program. The problems are involved in energy consumption, waste management as well as agriculture (Pathak, Aggarwal & Singh, 2012). The measures of development of technology in the energy sector have contributed to a certain extent, but the measures have been effective in reducing emissions of GHG. Improvements of stoves, reduction of production of gas, improvements in the efficiency side of demand as well as supply and introduction of modern system of renewable energy mitigate around 18 million tons of carbon per year. The policy of government included public investment to develop the infrastructure of natural gas for long distance as well as local distribution. India also introduces the program of renewable energy for the climate change program in terms of agriculture, waste management and energy consumption (ASME, 2009). Current Governmental Approach to Mitigating or Controlling the Climate Change Problem in China China is the mostly populated and second largest nation in terms of GHG emissions as well as consumptions of fossil fuel. The population of this nation is more than four times of United Sates of America. The decisions of Chinese affect the growth of global emissions and these decisions are driven by the development of economic trends, protection of local environment and changes of technology. Development policy of China has reduced the emission levels and convergence issues of environment. China is a developing country and therefore, the government of China adapts liberalization to reduce the growth of energy demand at the time of expanding the economy. The government of China believed that China could not afford the capital, which is needed to meet its development without any dramatic change. Therefore, China adopts extensive measures in the efficiency of energy, renewable energy and reforestation for the climate change program. Currently, the government has identified that the economic growth of the country cannot sustain in the long run without retreating the damage to health, national infrastructure, output of agriculture as well as natural ecosystem. The growth of population is an important factor accountable for the growth as well as increased demand of energy. Government also increased exploration and development of natural gas resources for the climate change program (Chandler & et. al., 2002). Modern renewable energy such as biogas and solar thermal energy contributes million tons of fuel annually. Several measures adopted in the climate change program are reduction of waste management in the food chain, reduction of direct as well as indirect GHG emissions, increasing the content of soil carbon and optimizing the use of organic as well as inorganic fertilizer. Improve the quality and content of organic matter in soil in order to minimize vulnerability for extreme conditions such as flooding and water logging among others. The different measures adopted by the government are identified to be effective in managing global climate change (IPCC, 2015; UNCTAD, 2013). Contrast the Mitigation Programs of India and China There are difference in the mitigations program of India and China in terms of energy consumption, waste management and agriculture. The climate is not same in India and in China. The climate of China is complex than India and India has diverse temperature. China is a developing countries and uses advanced as well as scientific technology for innovation, which increases the global warming and it is the more serious concern in the present day context. India is also a developing country and the climate is diverse in different regions of the country. Waste management is an important sustainable development, as it can directly improve the health as well as productivity of human resources and enhances the living condition of people. Agriculture is also important for the ecological development. There are some contrasts in mitigation program in India and China due to the changes in climate. China is densely populated as compared to India and accordingly, the emission of GHG has increased in China due to the rapid growth of the industrial sector. The mitigation programs used by India for the program of climate change are adaption measures, effective uses of water and improving the technological program. The mitigation programs adopted by China are natural ecosystem, development of renewable resources and reduction of waste management among others (Sathaye & Najam, 2007). Effectiveness of Climate Change Program Climate change program is adopted to manage change in climate by reducing emission of GHGs. Drastic changes in the climate has been an important concern affecting the progress of a country. GHG emission increases the temperature, which is an important factor leading to global warming. Global warming has been negatively affecting an economy as a whole and in this regard, it is vital to reduce GHG emission. Weather and climate is different from each other. Weather is the short-term variability and it is related to the daily mean temperature. Climate is the long-term variability and it is regarded as the annual mean temperature. Weather changes on a daily basis, but climate can be changed after applying some useful measures for the effectiveness and the development of a country. Climate change program is essential to improve the living condition of the people of the developing countries such as India, China and Brazil among others (Kropp & Scholze, 2009). Therefore, to reduce the risk of climate, climate change program is adopted with the aim of mitigating the issues relating to climate change. The climate change program has been argued to be adopted for the development of the world economy as a whole. In this regard, the effectiveness of the climate change program can be ascertained with the reduction of GHG emission, enhance energy efficiency and improve the use of renewable energy. The program has been effective in minimizing deforestation and soil erosion (Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, 2014). Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be comprehended that change in global climate has been an important factor influencing the growth as well as development of the world economy. The different factors accountable for the changes in the climate are deforestation, emission of GHG and soil erosion among others. India and China are the developing countries, which implement some approach to mitigate the issues relating to climate change. These measures are reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) and technological improvement. It can be concluded that both China and India are affected for the issue of climate change due to waste management, energy consumption and agriculture. In this regard, these countries need to change the climate for the improvement of the living condition and development of an economy as a whole. These countries focus on the problem of waste management, agriculture and energy consumption. Accordingly, the measures adopted have been effective in the reduction of GHG emission, increase the use of renewable energy and improve energy efficiency. References ASME. Technology and Policy Recommendations and Goals for Reducing Carbon Dioxide Emissions. ASME general position statement. 2009: 1-26. Chandler, W., Schaeffer, R., Dadi, Z., Shukla, R. P., Tudela, F., Davidson, O. & Atamer, A. S. Climate Change Mitigation in Developing Countries. Pew center on global climate change. 2002: 1-57. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning. Victorian Climate Change Adaptation Plan. State government victoria. 2014: 1-100. IPCC. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Technical summary. 2015: 27-92. Kropp, J. & Scholze, M. Climate Change Information for Effective Adaptation. A practitioner‘s manual. 2009: 1-60. Leiserowitz, A. & Thaker, J. Climate Change in the Indian Mind. Climate change communication. 2011: 1-219. National Development and Reform Commission. Chinas Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change. The people’s republic of china. 2013: 1-65. Pathak, H., Aggarwal, K. P. & Singh, D. S. Climate Change Impact, Adaptation and Mitigation in Agriculture: Methodology for Assessment and Application. Indian Agricultural Research Institute. 2012: 3-295. Sathaye, J. & Najam, A. 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