StudentShare
Contact Us
Sign In / Sign Up for FREE
Search
Go to advanced search...
Free

Summary For Policymakers: An Attempt to Save the Climate of the World - Term Paper Example

Cite this document
Summary
  The paper focuses on the following topics: the trend in the emission of Greenhouse Gas, its mitigation in different terms, policies, and steps to prevent the change, and some other crucial factors that pose hinders in the way of the mitigation of climate change…
Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing
GRAB THE BEST PAPER96.8% of users find it useful
Summary For Policymakers: An Attempt to Save the Climate of the World
Read Text Preview

Extract of sample "Summary For Policymakers: An Attempt to Save the Climate of the World"

Summery For Policymakers: An Attempt to Save the Climate of the World Abstract During the recent years the changes that are evidenced in the climate of the world, are a matter of great concern for the scientists and the common people of the world. The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report attempts to find out the ways of mitigation of climate change. For the sake of conveniences, the report renders various aspects of climate change, such as social, environmental, economic aspects, in order to accomplish the task of mitigation fruitfully. The report mainly focuses on the following topics: the trend in the emission of Greenhouse Gas, its mitigation in different terms, policies and steps to prevent the change, and some other crucial factors that pose hinders in the way of the mitigation of climate change. Summery For Policymakers: An Attempt To Save the Climate of the World In the context of growing concern for the global warming “Summery For Policymakers” is an attempt to save the environment from further disasters caused by global warming. During the recent years the changes that are evidenced in the climate of the world, are a matter of great concern for the scientists and the common people of the world. The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report attempts to find out the ways of mitigation of climate change. For the sake of conveniences, the report renders various aspects of climate change, such as social, environmental, economic aspects, in order to accomplish the task of mitigation fruitfully. The report mainly focuses on the following topics: the trend in the emission of Greenhouse Gas, its mitigation in different terms, policies and steps to prevent the change, and some other crucial factors that pose hinders in the way of the mitigation of climate change. Studies show that emissions of Greenhouse Gas have increased seventy percent over the years from 1970 to 2004. Both man-made and natural factors are responsible for the increase of the emission of the Greenhouse gas. Among the human activity related factors development of science and increasing use of technologies are the major factors that are the most responsible for the apparently abrupt growth rate of green house gases- carbon dioxide, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, etc. “The emissions of these gases have increased at different rates” (IPCC, 2007, p. 3). In the study, a thing is remarkable that the emission of greenhouse gases was violent around the years from 1990 to 2004. During these years the violent emissions of Greenhouse gases occurred mainly in the energy supply sector. The emission rate is about 145 percent. The emission scenario is as following: 120 percent from transport, from industry 65 percent, from land use 40 percent. But between 1970 and 1990 the emissions from agriculture and from building are 27 percent and 26 percent. As the use of electricity is high in the building sector, “the total of direct and indirect emissions in this sector is much higher (75%) than direct emissions” (IPCC, 2007, p. 3). The increase in per-capita income of growing world population contributed a lot to the increase in the emission of the greenhouse gas in the environment. Measures taken to prevent the emissions of ozone depleting gases and others that are detrimental to the environment have been effective to decrease the emission. As it is said in the report, policies, on climate change, energy security etc. “have been effective in reducing GHG emissions in different sectors and many countries” (IPCC, 2007, p. 3). But it is also true that these measures are not adequate enough to face the problem of the increase in the emission of Greenhouse gases. Consequently change mitigation measures will fail to prevent the increase in the level of greenhouse gases in the environment over the next few decades. In the report the Box SPM 1 to SPM 4 show that non-mitigation factors will contribute to increase “global GHG emissions by a range of 9.7 GtCO2-eq to 36.7 GtCO2-eq (25-90%) between 2000 and 2030” (IPCC, 2007, p.4). It is obvious that the emissions of greenhouse gas from the fossil fuels are assumed to be higher over these years than the target amount that these policies attempt to reduce. During these thirty years the growth of the carbon dioxide is assumed to be 40 to 110 percent. According to the report: Two thirds to three quarters of this increase in energy CO2 emissions is projected to come from non-Annex I regions, with their average per capita energy CO2 emissions being projected to remain substantially lower (2.8-5.1 tCO2/cap) than those in Annex I regions (9.6-15.1 tCO2/cap) by 2030. (IPCC, 2007, p.4) Some Box SPM’s are used in the report to describe the interrelationship between the increase of global population and the rapid introduction of technologies and their impact on climate change. Storylines and scenario family depicts a picture of the future world where there is a rapidly growing population with rapid economic growth. In some of the SPM’s various possibilities and prospects are explored to the congenial factors behind the climate in order to help the policymakers. These boxes are helpful enough to assess the possibilities of the fruitful and all embracing measures to mitigate the change in the climate. The “Mitigation in the Short and Medium Term” portion of the summery explores the prospect and possibilities economic potential for the mitigation of global greenhouse gas emissions over the next decades “that could offset the projected growth of global emissions and or reduce emission below current level” (IPCC, 2007, p. 9). In the assessment of these possibilities and prospect some uncertainties pose challenges. These uncertainties are shown in tables. They reflect the rates of technological changes, and other factors specific to the mitigating approaches. Indeed these studies are two-ended: bottom-up and top-down. According to some studies, “mitigation opportunities with net negative costs1 have the potential to reduce emissions by around 6 GtCO2-eq/yr in 2030” (IPCC, 2007, p.9). It is assumed that it is impossible for one sector alone to face the entire mitigation challenge because of the property and financial lack. Rather, as Figure SPM 6 shows, it is the task of all of the sectors as whole to face it. In the figure SPM 2 and SPM 5B top-down approaches in these studies determine and gauge the prospect of an emission reduction for the 2030. There is a concatenation between the top-down approaches and the bottom-up approaches in these studies as to the global economic potentials, though differences are discernible within the sectoral level. It is evident from the SPM 4 that “macro-economic cost for multi-gas mitigation, consistent with emissions trajectories towards stabilization between 445 and 710 ppm CO2-eq, are estimated at between a 3% decrease of global GDP and a small increase, compared to the baseline” (IPCC, 2007, p. 11). Studies show that decrease of GDP becomes amplified with the inflexibility of the stabilization target. Again the studies also show that the tax system of a country can play a significant role in motivating people to promote low-carbon technologies. As Sawin says, “Tremendous opportunities await, and those countries that begin down this path early on will see the greatest benefits as markets around the world open up for clean energy technologies” (Sawin 2007). The assumption prevails here that if the trading cost of the low-carbon technologies is lower than the carbon taxes and revenues, the people will be forced to adopt these technologies. Studies again show that climate change policy should include an attempt to introduce the enhanced technological change, because enhanced technological change contribute to the lower cost mitigation process. But such steps demand the requirement of a higher upfront investment in order to attain the goals of cost reductions. Sometimes it is estimated that this policy will contribute to GDP losses. In reverse, some studies shows that GDP will increase because “they assume that baselines are non-optimal and mitigation policies improve market efficiencies, or they assume that more technological change may be induced by mitigation policies” (IPCC, 2007, p. 11). The ways that are suggested to reduce the emission of the greenhouse gases can be applied fruitfully to a great extent to save the climate of the world in general. It is said earlier that no one single sector can face the challenge of climate change. But it is also true that the cumulative effort of the single sector and country can contribute to a major change. The following measures can be taken to prevent the greenhouse gas emission: changes in lifestyle can contribute in reducing the greenhouse gas emission. An attempt to grow awareness through education and mass media can help it to reduce. Innovation and introduction of environment-friendly technologies is necessary to reduce the emission. As the report says, “Changes in occupant behavior, cultural patterns and consumer choice and use of technologies can result in considerable reduction in CO2 emissions related to energy use in buildings” (IPCC, 2007, p. 12). According to the report, the emission of the greenhouse gas level of the world can be reduced to a great extent by developing a new environment friendly infrastructure. Consequently investors will be inspired, investment in low-carbon technologies proves to be profitable. Several measures can be taken to reduce the emission in the transport sector such as introduction of improved vehicle efficiency, shifting of transportation from road to rail, etc. The emissions preventive measures can be upheld in a way that people become able to perceive its importance as well as its economic potentials. For example forest related mitigation of emission, energy efficiency options for buildings, agricultural practices can provide people with both financial environmental benefits. The energy efficient buildings not only limit the level of carbon dioxide but also promote a healthy condition for human habitat. Forest oriented mitigation can be conveyed at low cost but in the long run individual can benefit from it. Besides these measures, national policies will prove fruitful to mitigate the climate change. National policies are to be taken depending on the national circumstances. All out efforts of the governments to perceive their interactions and to apply experiences from other countries can make the attempts to reduce emission successful. “Four main criteria are used to evaluate policies and instruments: environmental effectiveness, cost effectiveness, distributional effects, including equity, and institutional feasibility” (IPCC, 2007, p. 19). The implementation of the climate policies will be easy, if they are integrated with the development policies of the government. In order to make the climate policies more popular and more acceptable the economic potentials can be highlighted. Taxes and charges can force and at the same time inspire people to turn towards low-carbon technologies. Governments should frequently use financial incentive to inspire the innovation of new climate friendly and low carbon technologies. References IPCC, (2007) Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [B. Metz, O.R. Davidson, P.R. Bosch, R. Dave, L.A. Meyer (eds)], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Sawin, L. Janet, (2007), “The Benefit of a low carbon future” retrieved Nov 24, 2008 from http://www.worldwatch.org/node/5373 Read More
Cite this document
  • APA
  • MLA
  • CHICAGO
(Summary For Policymakers: An Attempt to Save the Climate of the World Term Paper, n.d.)
Summary For Policymakers: An Attempt to Save the Climate of the World Term Paper. Retrieved from https://studentshare.org/environmental-studies/1549990-the-summary-report
(Summary For Policymakers: An Attempt to Save the Climate of the World Term Paper)
Summary For Policymakers: An Attempt to Save the Climate of the World Term Paper. https://studentshare.org/environmental-studies/1549990-the-summary-report.
“Summary For Policymakers: An Attempt to Save the Climate of the World Term Paper”, n.d. https://studentshare.org/environmental-studies/1549990-the-summary-report.
  • Cited: 0 times

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF Summary For Policymakers: An Attempt to Save the Climate of the World

The hockey stick controversy and the legitimacy of IPCC's research about the human impact on climate change

However, arguments in favor for global warming were already accepted widely as a prime cause for increased temperatures in the world.... Conclusions made from other scientists shows that making the world warmer undoubtedly is not determined by reconstructions of temperature aforementioned to direct records.... The Hockey Stick Controversy and the Legitimacy of IPCC's Research about the Human Impact on Climate Change 13rd December 2012 The hockey stick controversy is a series of controversial debates that have faced the climate change world....
5 Pages (1250 words) Research Paper

Human activity increases pollution of the atmosphere

(Schneider, 103) The protocol is familiar with the fact that most of the scientists are working upon that global warming is a serious threat to the world, against which serious actions must be taken in order to maintain it when we can.... The Kyoto Protocol warned the business leaders that the new laws that will formulate are going to not only reduce the greenhouse gases which are produced but infact, may also disturb the flow of many business around the world due to which many producers might have to change the way the produce and manufacture products....
17 Pages (4250 words) Essay

The Kyoto Protocol - an Attempt to Solve a Problem of Global Warming

The paper  “The Kyoto Protocol – an attempt to Solve a Problem of Global Warming” concerns a world community's effort to resolve disputes about reasons and results of the green effect.... The Kyoto Protocol is familiar with the fact that most of the scientists are working upon that global warming is a serious threat to the world, against which serious actions must be taken in order to maintain it when we can.... The Kyoto Protocol warned the business leaders that the new laws that will formulate are going to not only reduce the greenhouse gases which are produced but in fact, may also disturb the flow of many businesses around the world due to which many producers might have to change the way the produce and manufacture products....
17 Pages (4250 words) Coursework

Central Bank Independence and Inflation Targeting

In essence, the changes in the inflationary tendencies to higher levels needed a plausible explanation and many economists and policymakers considered the inflationary bias theory as the fitting cause to lead to the high inflation phenomenon (Blinder, 1998).... From this paper, it is clear that the central bank of a country is arguably the most powerful economic institution holding the power and ability to exert its influence in directing the economy of the nation with readiness and in consonance with the changing economic conditions....
40 Pages (10000 words) Essay

Beyond Smoke and Mirrors: Climate Change & Energy, B Richter

nbsp; the world is still developing as many things happen: some are constructive and good while some are bad.... "Analysis of a Book about Physics: Beyond Smoke and Mirrors: climate Change and Energy by B.... Global climate change is considered one of the most critical issues that are presently experienced by humanity.... He served in several International and United States review committees on matters of energy and climate change....
8 Pages (2000 words) Book Report/Review

Geo-Engineering as a Technocratic Approach to Managing Climate Change

nbsp;… Even a complete halt to carbon pollution would not bring the world's temperatures down substantially for several centuries”.... To achieve the ultimate objective of the Convention to stabilize greenhouse gas concentration in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system, we shall, recognizing the scientific view that the increase in global temperature should be below 2 degrees Celsius, on the basis of equity and in the context of sustainable development, enhance our long-term cooperative action to combat climate change3....
12 Pages (3000 words) Term Paper

The Hockey Stick Controversy and the Legitimacy of IPCC's Research: Human Impact on Climate Change

These arguments have been taken up by the fossil fuel industry and have been funded by lobby groups that attempt to cast doubt on climate science.... This research paper "The Hockey Stick Controversy and the Legitimacy of IPCC's Research: Human Impact on climate Change" discusses the methods used by IPCC gave way to a series of research that was meant to correct the mistakes done by the group.... According to the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on climate Change (IPCC) and Third Assessment Report (TAR), the year 1998, was the warmest year in the northern hemisphere for the last 1000 years....
5 Pages (1250 words) Research Paper

The Delegitimisation of Climate Science

Attempts to delegitimize climate change are meant to divert the attention of the legislators and the public from the climate change efforts.... Although more than 90% of climate scientists are in consensus that the climate is changing based on scientific evidence that has been gathered over a long period of time, some sceptics, especially politicians and fossil fuel interest groups, have continued to deny the reality of climate change by making publications that delegitimize climate science....
6 Pages (1500 words) Essay
sponsored ads
We use cookies to create the best experience for you. Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out how to manage cookies.
Contact Us