Design of Sound to Light Unit - Coursework Example

Sound to light project Student Name Student ID E-mail address Supervisor Name Academic Year Semester December 3, 2014 Table of Contents Introduction 3 Specifications/requirements 3 Parts of the unit 3 Design of sound to light unit 4 Design results 5 Circuit board 11 Introduction There is need for sound to be converted into light passes using sound to light unit. This will enable discos and other audio systems regulate the amount of sound being released in his environment. Sound to light system converts music signals to light passes using three channels i.e., low-pass, high-pass and band-pass. These channels have different frequencies which are necessary in conversion. The sound to light system has coloured LED which converts the signals. They function the same way a disco amplifier works. The woofer produces the low-frequency sounds, while the tweeter produces the high-frequency sounds. A sound to light separates the signal from the amplifier, sending the low frequencies to the woofer and the high frequencies to the tweeter. The relative amplitude of each current as a function of frequency. The crossover point is the frequency at which the current is evenly divided, half going to the woofer and half to the tweeter. This paper intends to highlight the function and operations of sound to light units. Specifications/requirements Parts of the unit Parts in a stock are; NXT semiconductors TDA1308 Dual amplifiers PDIP & SIOIC ST Microelectronics TS924 Quad OP Amp in SIOC only 78L05 5v 100mA regulator IC Red, Green & Blue super LEDs Farnell 243415 2431406 243409 or equivalent Electret microphone 1502742 farnell 1MΩ &10KΩ presets 2.5mm and 3.5mm jack plugs and sockets Audio coaxial cable Strip board, wire and solder DIL IC sockets PCB etched Capacitors of Resistors in the E96 Range. Design of sound to light unit -The input the input signal is safely interface with the head phone output of an audio system of speaker output of an audio amplifier and it picks the sound via a microphone. - The animated lights are necessary produce piercing “visual” of the audio frequency content. The low-pass filter with a roll-off at around 400 Hz and used to light up a Red LED, the high Pass around 700-2000Hz to light a Blue LED, and the Band-pass between the other two filters around 370-2100Hz to light a Green-LED. The sound level is measure by sound level meter shown below; Figure 1:sound level meter -this circuit is to be considered a prototype design for a ‘Disco’ Light Badge’ to attach to clothing. So you should apply some research to its ultimate product development using miniature surface mount components and LEDs, and powered by compact batteries. -The block diagram for a colour organ is shown below; Figure 2: Audio -The board is simulated using CAD software into a-single sided – PCB. Design results Amplification is necessary in converting light signal which are produced by audio system to be converted to light flashes by the use of LEDs. The diagram below is the circuit that is used in this case study to show the working of sound to light units. To begin with the system is supplied with 10V, where capacitors of 10 F are used with DIL, RC, sockets are used. The strip board is used. Combinations capacitors and inductors are also used as filters. For both RC and LC filters, there is a gradual transition between frequencies that pass through. The frequency range where the transition occurs can be selected by choosing the values of R and C. The output signal by sound to light controls shown above has been filtered using three types of filters; low pass filter of 400Hz, high pass filter of 2 KHz and band pass of 370-2100Hz. Circuit design results To design amplification and filtering circuit is complex because it requires designing an 8-bit counter and has a five decoder as well as the block itself. A low –pass filter is used to generate 400 Hz wave across a motor speeding sampling. The circuit will consist of three sound lines a wave generator and analogue circuit. The signals, which are entered into, motor speed sampling amplification, filtering, and display circuit perform transformation to drive the motor. The following audio spectrum analyser The filters consist of simple RC networks broadly dimensioned for a cutoff frequency using the formula fc = 1 / (2 π R C) [Hz] Low pass The graph below shows how sound is converted to light. In this case the decibels that are converted to from sound to light are at equilibrium when the frequency is 400Hz. In the case of high, the frequency is at 700Hz. It can be noted that the decibels that are converted are negative and the graph has an upward trend. Figure 3:low pass channel High-pass filter Suppose a sound producer connected to the input terminals supplies a mixture of dc potential difference sound at a range of frequencies. The reactance of the capacitor is small at high frequencies, so most of the sound drop for low frequencies occurs across the capacitor; most of the high-frequency sound drop occurs across the resistor and thus across the output terminals. Figure 4:high pass channel A high-frequency signal, the capacitor serves as a low reactance path to ground (XcR, so the output light is nearly as great as the input sound for a signal consisting of a mixture of frequencies “pass through”. When a high pass filter is connected to the input, the sound will be modulated in the light. Figure 5: Bandpass channel In the bandpass channel is perfect if the input is a sinusoidal emf, the output. The output signal can be smoothed out by a capacitor the current flows through the diode; when the source sound starts to drop and then changes frequency, the capacitor discharges through the resistor. The capacitor cannot discharge through the diode because that would send light the wrong way through the diode. The discharge keeps the decibel VR up. By making the RC time constant (t=RC) long enough, the discharge through the resistor can be made to continue until the source decibels turns positive again. The output of a full wave rectifier without a capacitor to smooth it. The effectiveness regarding the proposed technique is established through applying the method to both the simulated signals as well as the realistic bearing vibration signals generally under many different conditions. As such, the results do show that such a proposed method can be an effective technique that can be used to determine the condition of any flow of sound. Significantly, it is vital to consider having the knowledge concerning the advanced methods regarding the fault detection all the way to the diagnosis. In addition, it is important to consider the vital areas like the reliability as well as the safety and safety technicality of the processes is guaranteed. The systematic circuit is shown below Figure 6:systematic diagram of design Circuit board The circuit board below shows the proposed design of actual model Considering the preconditioning, the signals are normally comprised of processes like of anti-alias filtering as well a pre-amplifying. Regarding the anti-alias filter, the processes operate on a frequency of about 100Hz while the highest limit of the sensors is normally approximately 10 kHz. However, other sampling rates generally can be applied like the converter ranging between 15 to 20 kHz. Ultimately, the collected information is then recorded into a known memory for future reference and can be used for other calculations. As a matter of fact, there are present inventions that have been utilized when it comes to collection of vibration of data hence calculating particular sets of parameters regarding simulation analysis. Project chart References Circuitstoday, 2014. Musical light chaser circuit Instructables, 2010. A wearable sound-to-light display, without a microprocessor - the Musicator Junior < http://www.instructables.com/id/A-wearable-sound-to-light-display-without-a-micro/> Kainka, B., 2004. Personal Sound to Light Unit small but sophisticated. elector electronics McGraw-Hill Educator, 2004. Glencoe Science: Waves, Sound, and Light. New York: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Smith, D., 2010. The Light and Sound Fantastic. Engineering & Science Winter 2010 Read More