Logic System Implementation - Assignment Example

Electronics Name: Course: Instructor: Institution: Date of Submission: Task 1: Logic System Implementation 1. The first task involved connecting a 5V power supply to a logic tutorial kit that was provided. The LED output operated effectively when supplied with the 5V of power directly. The output of the logic gate types when no logic inputs were connected was recorded as the following. Input Outputs Comments AND G1 1 lights on OR G8 1 lights on NAND G13 0 lights off NOR G16 0 lights off NOT G20 0 lights off The table above presents that the output of the different gates, with a 5V power supply when the logic inputs are connected respond differently. The logic gates were analyzed using binary logics which explain whether the lights are on or off with the given logic gate and output. NAND is generally expected to perform in an opposite direction of the AND logic gate, which is evidenced in the table above. When the input of AND G1 using the 5V power supply, where the logic inputs are not connected, the light are on, while the lights in the same situation using the logic gate NAND G13 presents that the lights are off (Baader, 2003). The OR gate is perceived as an electronic circuit gate with the capacity of giving more high outputs depending on the inputs connected. If the inputs are high, the output of the OR gate should be high (Baader, 2003). The connected supply power voltage of 5V is considered high since it fall in the class of 1 outputs meaning lights on. Thus, the same was evidenced in the task one, where with a power supply of 5V for gate OR G8, the output was 1 meaning the lights on. The NOT logic gate gives an inverted output of the input used, which has led to the identification of the gate as an inverter. That is; it shows that if the input used for a circuit connection is B, then the output to be gained is perceived as not B. In the task one, we only have two options 0 (no lights) and 1 (lights). Thus, since the input used is 1, the NOT gate stipulates the output will not be one, which is why it gives an output of 0 where there are no lights. The NOR gate stipulates that it is not the OR gate, where the NOT gate is perceived (Baader, 2003). Thus, generally all the outputs of the NOR gate are anticipated to be low, if the input used is high. Thus, since the 5V used to directly supply power to the circuit is high, the NOR output is low, which is evidenced in the table above, as the NOR G16 has an output of 0 (stipulating no lights. The status of the gates logic input when left unconnected will be the direct opposite of the results in table one. That is; when left unconnected, the power supply is low, which stipulates that the outputs of the gates presented will be the opposite when the logic input is connected. That is; the AND gate as describes gives an output similar to the input applied. When the logic gates are unconnected the supply of the input is low, which stipulates that the output of the gate will 0, meaning no lights. As described above, NAND gate responds in a different manner to the AND gate, which stipulates when left unconnected, the output of the gate will be 1, meaning the availability of light. The OR gate output is also dependent on the input used. When the logic gate are not connected, the input is low, which stipulates the output is low depicted as 0. The NOT gate gives an inverted output of the input used, which directly translates to an output 1, when left unconnected as the input is 0, leading to an inverted output of 1. The NOR gate as presented has low outputs if the input is high. When left unconnected the input is low, which translates to a high output of 1. 2. The task involved connecting the unused inputs to used input logic gates. The results were collected using A and B inputs, when the inputs were connected to a 4-input OR gate as presented below. Inputs Outputs Comments 00 0 No lights 01 1 lights 10 1 lights 11 1 lights The OR gate gives a high output if the input is high. When inputs are connected to the OR gate, which occurs at a “0” logic level, the output perceived is high at a logic level of “1”. If any of the logic level is 1, the outputs are high at a logic level of 1. That is; on the stipulation that all logic inputs are low, the output is low. However, if any logic level is 1, the outputs are high with a logic level of 1. When the unused inputs were connected to the 4-input OR logic gate as presented in the table above, the outputs were highly dependent on the input of the OR gate. That is; with an input of “00’, the expected output was “0” since the input was low. However, with other unused inputs, the availability of some high logic level of “1” led to the output of the gates been high. Thus, the table presents that when using the OR gate, all one needs for the outputs to be high is a logic level of “1” (Baader, 2003). 3. The task involved using inputs A and B in place of switches, the circuit was developed and a truth table provided. The gate structure was given as the following, with two inputs, A and B, where its truth table is given. Inputs Outputs Truth Results Comments A B Q 00 1 1 Light 01 0 0 No Light 10 1 1 Light 11 1 1 Light In the truth table presented, the output is either high depending on the return given through all the inputs provided at the logic level. That is; if the logic gate level is high, the output is high and vice versa. Thus, the table above presents that with both switches having a low and high input, the output is high. This occurs when logic gate NOT and NOR are used. The NOT logic gates needs a logic level of “00” for the input to be “1” due to the inversion position. The NOR gate as presented supports the truth table results as well since, the output is usually high when the output is low. On the other hand, when the output is low switch A has a low input, which is evidenced through logic gate NOT, which gives the inverted of the input used. When switch A has a high input and B has a low input, the output is high as evidenced in the table above. When using logic gate OR, the truth table would give the results given. When both switches have high inputs, the output is high, which is evidenced through the application of logic gate AND & OR. 4. The circuit that could identify any situations through giving high logic outputs when using different logics. The following was developed Inputs Outputs Comments 000 0 No Lights 010 1 Lights 001 1 Lights 100 1 Lights 111 0 No Lights 110 1 Lights 011 1 Lights The output of the circuits is dependent on the logic level of the given inputs. Thus, when all the inputs were given as “000”, the basic output is “0”. This is common when the three inputs have the same logic. However, when the input logic level of “111” gives an output of “0”, it stipulates that the inputs in the circuit do not have same logics. Task F: Light Emitting Diode (LED) Operation 1. The LED circuit was connected to a variable voltage supply. Thus, the forward bias voltage at which 20mA flows through the diode when the supply voltage from 0V was increasing variably the following bias was attained. The power voltage was not more than 5V Calculation (RL = 765.5Ώ) Mulbimeter (Rl = 668 + 82 = 750Ώ) 1 = 20mA Therefore, V = 2.1 Which is the forward bias voltage 2. Thus, the table below presents the possible circuit to use several LEDs that are identical to the led circuit used above connected to a series that operates at 20mA, which indicates the presence of the 10V with the maximum intensity power supply fixed. V F (Ma) 0 0 3 1.69 6 5.61 9 9.44 12 13.42 15 17.32 17 20 Forward bias of the circuit designed is perceived when electrons flow through the diode, due to its polarity. If electrons cannot flow through the diode, the backward bias is experienced as the diode blocks currents. The diode as presented in the circuit used functioned as a switch when closed leading to the occurrence of the forward bias (Narukawa, et al., 2010). The table above presents that the circuit experienced forward bias due to the flow of electrons in the diode, which are positive to reach a maximum of 20mA. The current that flows through the circuit influences the occurrence of the forward or backward bias as evidenced in the task F solutions presented above. References Baader, F., 2003. The description logic handbook: Theory, implementation and applications. New York: Cambridge university press. Narukawa, Y. et al., 2010. White light emitting diodes with super-high luminous efficacy. Journal of physics D: Applied physics, 43(35), p. 35. Read More

The status of the gates logic input when left unconnected will be the direct opposite of the results in table one. That is; when left unconnected, the power supply is low, which stipulates that the outputs of the gates presented will be the opposite when the logic input is connected. That is; the AND gate as describes gives an output similar to the input applied. When the logic gates are unconnected the supply of the input is low, which stipulates that the output of the gate will 0, meaning no lights.

As described above, NAND gate responds in a different manner to the AND gate, which stipulates when left unconnected, the output of the gate will be 1, meaning the availability of light. The OR gate output is also dependent on the input used. When the logic gate are not connected, the input is low, which stipulates the output is low depicted as 0. The NOT gate gives an inverted output of the input used, which directly translates to an output 1, when left unconnected as the input is 0, leading to an inverted output of 1.

The NOR gate as presented has low outputs if the input is high. When left unconnected the input is low, which translates to a high output of 1. 2. The task involved connecting the unused inputs to used input logic gates. The results were collected using A and B inputs, when the inputs were connected to a 4-input OR gate as presented below. Inputs Outputs Comments 00 0 No lights 01 1 lights 10 1 lights 11 1 lights The OR gate gives a high output if the input is high. When inputs are connected to the OR gate, which occurs at a “0” logic level, the output perceived is high at a logic level of “1”.

If any of the logic level is 1, the outputs are high at a logic level of 1. That is; on the stipulation that all logic inputs are low, the output is low. However, if any logic level is 1, the outputs are high with a logic level of 1. When the unused inputs were connected to the 4-input OR logic gate as presented in the table above, the outputs were highly dependent on the input of the OR gate. That is; with an input of “00’, the expected output was “0” since the input was low. However, with other unused inputs, the availability of some high logic level of “1” led to the output of the gates been high.

Thus, the table presents that when using the OR gate, all one needs for the outputs to be high is a logic level of “1” (Baader, 2003). 3. The task involved using inputs A and B in place of switches, the circuit was developed and a truth table provided. The gate structure was given as the following, with two inputs, A and B, where its truth table is given. Inputs Outputs Truth Results Comments A B Q 00 1 1 Light 01 0 0 No Light 10 1 1 Light 11 1 1 Light In the truth table presented, the output is either high depending on the return given through all the inputs provided at the logic level.

That is; if the logic gate level is high, the output is high and vice versa. Thus, the table above presents that with both switches having a low and high input, the output is high. This occurs when logic gate NOT and NOR are used. The NOT logic gates needs a logic level of “00” for the input to be “1” due to the inversion position. The NOR gate as presented supports the truth table results as well since, the output is usually high when the output is low. On the other hand, when the output is low switch A has a low input, which is evidenced through logic gate NOT, which gives the inverted of the input used.

When switch A has a high input and B has a low input, the output is high as evidenced in the table above. When using logic gate OR, the truth table would give the results given. When both switches have high inputs, the output is high, which is evidenced through the application of logic gate AND & OR. 4. The circuit that could identify any situations through giving high logic outputs when using different logics. The following was developed Inputs Outputs Comments 000 0 No Lights 010 1 Lights 001 1 Lights 100 1 Lights 111 0 No Lights 110 1 Lights 011 1 Lights The output of the circuits is dependent on the logic level of the given inputs.

Read More