Heated Water Chain Guaranteed - Assignment Example

Hot Water Systems Student’s Name Institution Hot Water Systems Abstract Water heating has become one of the largest and most popularized end use of energy in most buildings in the United States and the rest of the world. Only Space conditioning which is a requirement in most buildings surpasses water heating. Advanced technologies in creating better building have dropped the use of excessive energy i.e. in lighting, refrigeration and air conditioning but haven’t accorded water heating any of this developments and improvements. Nevertheless, a few energy programs created especially the energy star program increase the market forces thus stimulating the advancement in the development of following heating technologies that use less energy. Different researchers note that there is a lot of energy waste in water heating and thus enabling inventors to come up with better and more efficient devices to counter the problem. The demand for hot water systems is increasing drastically in buildings and homes, and thus it has been standardized to be included in the design of any building. In some scenarios, this technology does not offer high rates in returns on investment but provide more efficient and technologically current systems that many consumers prefer.In this report, I will analyze condensing technologies in hot water systems and also solar water heating systems used in commercial buildings. I will offer the comparison between the two components on regards of which is better and how they are used including their designs and applications. Some technologies related to this two elements include electric tankless water heaters, energy star heat punt water heaters, condensing tankless water heaters, non-condensing gas hybrid water heaters, and other available technologies. Introduction The American Council of energy efficient economy review in the building and construction sector focuses mostly on water heating techniques. The organization reports are emerging technologies and their conformance to set standards of operation and began since 1993. The most famous inventions in energy efficient water heating systems are the condensing techniques. This efficiency of this technologies gets visible due to their long-term operation thus creating sustainability in the industry. The increasing costs of energy and the environmental impact of acquiring this power create the upsurge in demand for better water heating systems that are affordable and more environmentally friendly. Condensing technologies are used in continuous flow systems and are the most up to date systems currently. These systems are rated very high by users and reviewers and are readily available. Some of this technologies can deliver up to 16% in energy saving as compared to other traditional existing systems. Condensing systems use powerful heat exchangers that capture more heat than other systems and use this heat in the water heating system instead of wasting it in the form of exhaust gasses. The comparison between the use of condensing boilers and traditional systems is measurable both by the recovery of heat lost through steam and also control over the loss of heat through the gas. Condensing technologies use low temperature in combustion thus the above problems are reduced and in some cases eliminated. Thus, it is clear that condensing boilers are environmental and user-friendly as they lessen the rate of radiation thus balancing temperature between the environment and the heat exchanger. System Description Condensing boilers mostly heat water using gas off and at times electricity as a source of fuel. They achieve high efficiency through condensing water vapor contained in the exhaust gasses thus reducing the heat lost through vaporization. The specific systems condense the steam and then drain it from the system through pipes. They are compulsory in most countries while in other countries they get encouraged through the availability of financial incentives to help install them. There are different types of hot water systems, and they all vary in accordance to the way whey get connected and how they work. The illustrations below show different types of installations. In the general system diagram, a lot of heat is lost during the water heating process. The system does not provide measures on utilizing all hear producers and reducing the emission of gasses during the process (Lutz 2014). This type of systems contains only one primary heat exchanger thus very costly and energy consuming. Such systems aren’t environmentally friendly, and their use should stop. On the other hand, the system with the condensing technology seems more efficient. Water goes through two heat exchangers before leaving the system for use. First water is heated in the secondary heat exchanger by the exhaust gasses thus reducing heat loss. Then water passes through the primary heat exchanger where temperatures are higher and leave the system while hot from that point. Different cylinders are used in hot water systems i.e. The open vented hot water cylinder and the pressurized unvented hot water cylinder. They all perform different tasks in the process of water heating according to their specifications. During the process of heating, the water chemical products are produced and released through the exhaust pipe. Condensing technologies adapt the use of modern designs and systems to help simplify the operations. They use condensing boiler standards, different pipes layout, and hydronic systems in the design of hot water systems. The term is condensing means reduction of costs and problems associated with water heating systems while increasing the efficiency of such regimes. They require specific conditions so as to operate efficiently in an optimal threshold. The key factors of the condensing technologies are to lower temperatures thus cooling the gasses and preventing their release into the environment. They also offer modulation technologies which play a significant role in water heating systems whereby they reduce the velocity of flue gasses when they go through the heat exchange area; The techniques help in the control of modular systems thus the operation of such boilers should be done about the methods. Both types of water heating systems have their benefits and downfalls too. The solar hot water design help in reduction of pollution in the environment. They help avoid carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide produced by local and commercial generators used in powering hot water systems. They also cut costs and at some circumstances reduces the country’s dependence on oil as a source of power. Apart from reduction in costs and also greenhouse gas emissions prevention, solar hot water systems become very efficient due to their durability and efficiency. Solar systems use two different types of collectors. The first is the flat plate solar collectors. They use copper pipes which run through a glass covered collector. When the sun hits this pipes, the Rays get converted to heat energy as the copper pipes are good conductors. The water is then siphoned from the tank for use in the specified areas. The other type of collector is the evacuated tube solar collectors.It uses two glass tubing which is connected at the top and the bottom. There is a space in the middle of the two pipes. This collector also uses copper pipes that run through the center of the tubes connects to a central manifold. The heated water gets stored in an insulated tank for use on the next day. Heat is maintained in the tanks, so the water remains hot. The evacuation tubes in this systems are superior as they do not need direct sunlight to heat water. Instead, they extract heat even in humid weathers thus increasing their efficiency. The vacuum between the two tubing ensures high performance and efficiency at all times of the day and in all types of climates. As a result, it’s clear that evacuated pipe systems in heating water are more efficient, durable and cheaper to maintain and repair that the use of flat panels. The temperature of the water may exceed 60 degrees which are a requirement so as to kill bacteria, but a valve is used so as to reduce this heat to the proper levels. The shortcoming is that solar water heating systems need a boost during the days when there is no sunlight so as to maintain the flow of hot water required. The booster turns on when the temperature in the system tank falls below the settings necessary and turns off when the temperature rises to the significant level. As a result, it’s good to use a manual switch as it helps maximize the use of solar energy from the sun. Also, the use of a gas booster is more efficient as it produces fewer greenhouse gasses than the electric booster. Understanding how the solar water heating systems work helps decide the best method applicable to the particular circumstances. Solar water systems cost more to acquire and install, but the costs get recovered through the period of use in the form of reduced energy bills and high durability which cuts maintenance and repair costs.In warmer environments, they recover costs more quickly especially if they serve a large building.As standard in all other systems, the costs of a system should not outweigh the benefits provided by the system (Kontopoulos Martinopoulos and Bassiliades 2016). Solar systems encompass different varieties whose differences are indicated by the way they work.In cold areas, closed loop and auxiliary systems use a liquid that doesn’t freeze to transfer water to the storage tank from the heating system. They also have different circulation systems that vary with the systems. Some use pumps to push water while others like the passive systems require no pumps and use natural convection. Main Design Issues One of the problems facing the design of hot water systems is thermal expansion. Prevention of the backflow of water by use of valves and gates makes sure heated and expanded water cannot flow back into the main pipes so during system recovery when no hot water comes in, developed water creates pressure increase which is harmful as it may destroy the system. Thermal expansion is dangerous as if not checked and control it leads to the rapture of tubing and may also reduce the lifespan of the water heater. Nevertheless, a solution is available to counter this problem and to simplify the operation process new designs and technologies provide pre-pressurized tanks to avoid thermal expansion (Padovanand and Manzan 2014). The diagrams show the problem and the solution. Application to a Building in the CBD in Melbourne Melbourne is a big city with a lot of buildings. Most of the apartments require either hot water via a centralized gas enabled a system of hot water through the use of single continuous flow in electric water heaters. Some buildings contain systems that use both condensing technologies and also solar hot water systems. Hot water usually faces high demand in this town as shown in different studies.At times, the gas consumption is high and as a result use of solar systems where applicable is highly advised. Different hot water systems for La Banque building Bosch gas ring main Micro Heat CFEWH Hot water use profile Low Average High Low Average High Water use (kL/y) 5,159 6,847 10,699 5,159 6,847 10,699 Gas use (GJ/y) 1,876.1 (521,139 kWh) 2,198.1 (610,583 kWh) 2,931.9 (814,417 kWh) 0 0 0 Electricity use (kWh/y) 4,481 4,699 5,312 222,087 294,138 458,516 Total energy use (kWh equivalent/y) 525,620 615,282 819,729 222,087 294,138 458,516 Above is a table showing La Banque building in Melbourne water and energy consumption in regards to water heating methods available and type of occupants. As shown above, that use of centralized gas water heating system results in higher annual energy used in water heating. For the buildings that use solar, power consumption is less as heat is obtained from the sunlight. Conclusion Summing up the report, it is clear that the availability of hot water is a necessity for many people. The ongoing invention of new technologies especially the user-friendly technologies shows that the water heating department is getting the attention it requires. Problems though should be addressed so as to ensure smooth operation and availability of this amenities to the people in the given location. Ongoing researches will guarantee the provision of more effective and efficient systems in the future that is environmentally friendly and easier to acquire for all citizens. Policies regarding the installation of hot water systems would be created and implemented primarily in a commercial setting to prevent excessive use of energy. References Kontopoulos, E., Martinopoulos, G., Lazarou, D. and Bassiliades, N., 2016. An ontology-based decision support tool for optimizing domestic solar hot water system selection. Journal of Cleaner Production, 112, pp.4636-4646. Padovan, R. and Manzan, M., 2014. Genetic optimization of a PCM-enhanced storage tank for solar domestic hot water systems. Solar Energy, 103, pp.563-573. Lutz, J., 2014. Typical hot water draws patterns based on field data. Read More

System Description Condensing boilers mostly heat water using gas off and at times electricity as a source of fuel. They achieve high efficiency through condensing water vapor contained in the exhaust gasses thus reducing the heat lost through vaporization. The specific systems condense the steam and then drain it from the system through pipes. They are compulsory in most countries while in other countries they get encouraged through the availability of financial incentives to help install them.

There are different types of hot water systems, and they all vary in accordance to the way whey get connected and how they work. The illustrations below show different types of installations. In the general system diagram, a lot of heat is lost during the water heating process. The system does not provide measures on utilizing all hear producers and reducing the emission of gasses during the process (Lutz 2014). This type of systems contains only one primary heat exchanger thus very costly and energy consuming.

Such systems aren’t environmentally friendly, and their use should stop. On the other hand, the system with the condensing technology seems more efficient. Water goes through two heat exchangers before leaving the system for use. First water is heated in the secondary heat exchanger by the exhaust gasses thus reducing heat loss. Then water passes through the primary heat exchanger where temperatures are higher and leave the system while hot from that point. Different cylinders are used in hot water systems i.e. The open vented hot water cylinder and the pressurized unvented hot water cylinder.

They all perform different tasks in the process of water heating according to their specifications. During the process of heating, the water chemical products are produced and released through the exhaust pipe. Condensing technologies adapt the use of modern designs and systems to help simplify the operations. They use condensing boiler standards, different pipes layout, and hydronic systems in the design of hot water systems. The term is condensing means reduction of costs and problems associated with water heating systems while increasing the efficiency of such regimes.

They require specific conditions so as to operate efficiently in an optimal threshold. The key factors of the condensing technologies are to lower temperatures thus cooling the gasses and preventing their release into the environment. They also offer modulation technologies which play a significant role in water heating systems whereby they reduce the velocity of flue gasses when they go through the heat exchange area; The techniques help in the control of modular systems thus the operation of such boilers should be done about the methods.

Both types of water heating systems have their benefits and downfalls too. The solar hot water design help in reduction of pollution in the environment. They help avoid carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide produced by local and commercial generators used in powering hot water systems. They also cut costs and at some circumstances reduces the country’s dependence on oil as a source of power. Apart from reduction in costs and also greenhouse gas emissions prevention, solar hot water systems become very efficient due to their durability and efficiency.

Solar systems use two different types of collectors. The first is the flat plate solar collectors. They use copper pipes which run through a glass covered collector. When the sun hits this pipes, the Rays get converted to heat energy as the copper pipes are good conductors. The water is then siphoned from the tank for use in the specified areas. The other type of collector is the evacuated tube solar collectors.It uses two glass tubing which is connected at the top and the bottom. There is a space in the middle of the two pipes.

This collector also uses copper pipes that run through the center of the tubes connects to a central manifold. The heated water gets stored in an insulated tank for use on the next day.

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