Designing Manufacturing Constraint in Mobile Phone - Essay Example

Designing manufacturing constrain in mobile phone Name Grade Course 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Human constrain 3.0 Device constrain 4.0 Legislation 5.0 Cost drivers 6.0 Science that must have impact on the design 7.0 Sustainability development 8.0 Conclusion Introduction In the united state, Sweden, Italy and Czech Republic a penetration of cell phone is greater than 100% meaning that individual use or own two or more of these devices. According to Borghese, 2005 and france-press, 2004 the cell-phone penetration continue to climb in Asia, Japan and widely across the world (Porter 1964). The report file by Central Intelligent agency 2005 indicates the usage of mobile phones across the globe increasingly high. In Botswana one of every three citizen owned and uses mobile phones to bring relatively inexpensive cell system to areas without land lines. Moreover, the report reveals that student in china, Germany and Philippines uses their mobile phones as a leaning cachets. They use it to study English, spelling, math and health; and to access university archives (Stanton 2005). Mobile phones not only spark new modalities of interaction among people as a communication devise but also as a computer that is always with the user every other time, it fits into the pocket and it is nearly on always (Carrol 1997). The many questions that go through the minds of the user is the ability of the mobile phone to provide them with knowledge, attitude, behavior and skills that enable them to succeed in school and their employment. The answer to these questions lies on side of the designers and the manufacturers. Learning takes place through listening, reflecting, observing, predicting, practicing, estimating and imitating. With a customize mobile phone learning and communication can take place so effectively (Wickens 1997). The study indicates about 500 thousand mobile phone sold every year making a device a hotbed of innovation and creativity. The major features which characterize this device are user control operating system, graphics and short massaging service, camera functions, downloadable, voice and geographical positioning (Kuusela 2000). Mobile application development faces the same performance challenges as application development in general, which means that performance considerations have to be an integral part of any real-world application design. However, on mobile devices, the challenges related to performance issues are quite a bit bigger, because the runtime platforms may be limited in their functionality, the platforms are inherently limited in their resources (mostly processing power and memory), and the devices often have connectivity that may be substantially slower than best-case scenarios, or may even be intermittent. Client-Side Constraints (Wickens 1997). Human constrain The human characteristic is limiting factor in designing and manufacturing mobile phone. While the designer and the manufacturer are struggling to give the best to their customers the customer needs vary widely. To accommodate all these customer expectation mounts a lot of challenges to designer (Hornbeak 2006). Mobile phones are multi-device that performed numerous tasks. This includes making calls, sending text messages, browsing the internet, downloading song, videos and graphics, camera and many other features. While all this feature are install into one device none of them the can be perform simultaneously. The device is incapable of performing more than one task at the same time. This mean that the user cannot avoid been interrupted while utilizing the feature of the mobile phone. This interruption is considered as inconvenient to user to achieve maximum satisfaction from the phone (Stanton, Salmon, Walker and Jenkins 2005). The objective of the designer is to install all the feature to mobile which are personal computer has. They intend to make the mobile phone perform a similar task like the personal computers. They have successfully managed to install numerous features but a big challenge that characterizes the small size of the mobile phone cannot enable the user to use both hand to command an activity. This makes the functioning of the device ineffective in comparison to personal computer (Hornbeak 2006). In comparison to personal computer mobile phone do not performed huge task. It cannot Upload large volume of data and information at high speed. This defeats the objective to make the phone smaller for portability. The user is looking forward to have a more effective phone that can perform similar task of personal computer without compromising on the portability size of the mobile phone (Wickens, Lee and Becker 1997) The needs of the user that device should perform widely varies. It gives on revolving and making a huge challenge to the designer. The designer is expected to stay a head in designing and manufacturing a completive product that meet the revolving need of the consumer (Stanton, Salmon, Walker and Jenkins 2005). Device constrain Mobile phone have numerous feature which give on been modified to reflect on the users needs. The needs of the user include portability, multi-task, effectiveness and durability. In the attempt to avail this feature the designer has gone extra mile synchronize the feature of the phone but there is no feasible region among constrain. The user is left with option to forego one feature or more in the expense of another feature (Hornbeak 2006). The designers have come up with small mobile phones that are easily portable but the problem with these phones is text input. The key parts are too small and limited to ten in number making it ineffective to input text. The user cannot use both hands to type the text fast enough like in the case of personal computer. The key parts are so tiny and compress such that it cannot allow effective input of the text (Stanton, Salmon, Walker and Jenkins 2005). The smaller size phone has a smaller screen which cannot display voluminous data at ago. This feature defeats the objective to access the information effectively at every pointing time at different localities. Many users of the mobile phone seek the solution for wireless phone to access the internet with high speed. The report indicates the speed of 230 kbs/sec. and its download speed is only 5kbs/sec or sometime 1kbs/sec. the low speed inconvenient the user on the agent information (Carroll, 1997). While many users enjoy the portability feature of the mobile phone in place of land-line phones in our homes you need to get the most out of your battery. When it comes to battery life, there are two separate, but connected, considerations: how to make the battery last longer between charges and how to prolong the overall life of the batter (Stanton, Salmon, Walker and Jenkins 2005). Legislation Access to data and information is critical to citizens to exercise their voice, to effectively check on government activity, and to fully participate in decisions making that affect their lives. It is a way of empowering all citizens, including vulnerable and excluded people, to claim their broader rights and entitlements (Porter1964). But the contribution to good governance and access of information lies in both the willingness of government to be transparent and s well makes the citizens to demand and use information but both can constrained in low capacity settings. A key question in this regard is: To what extent can access to information and government transparency, advance the claims of poor and marginalized groups and make governments accountable (Dumas and Salzmann 2006). Cost drivers According to the analysis report given by CEO of Apple company, Mr. Rassweiler indicates the entry level of 16Gbyte version of Apple Inc.’s new iPhone 3G S carries a BOM cost of $174.46 and a manufacturing expense of $6.50, for a total of $ 1181.96.This is slightly higher than iSuppli’s estimate of $ 174.33 for the original 8Gbyte iPhone 3G based on pricing in July 2008. Although the retail price of the 16 Gbyte iPhone 3 G S is $199, the same as for the 8 Gbyte version of the original iPhone 3G, the actual price of the phone paid by the service provider is considerably higher, reflecting the common wireless industry practice of subsidizing the upfront cost of a mobile phone and then making a profit on subscriptions (Hornbeak 2006). Science that must have impact design Human factors have huge impact on the technology advancement. The sets of human-specific physical, cognitive, or social properties form the interface which is critical or dangerous manner with technological systems, the human organizations or human environment, or they can be taken under consideration in the design of ergonomic human-user oriented equipment. The choice or identification of human factors usually depends on their possible positive or negative impact on the functioning of human-organizations and human-machine systems (Kuusela 2000). Sustainability development As part of social responsibility sustainability development is becoming integral to every organization strategic management. What is demonstrated in mobile phone world is transferability in situated fashion and taking into design, function of the device, material and larger system of existence (Bell 2006). There could be solutions that have surfaces to be widely applicable i.e. phone take-back programs but the need and the practice does not reflect the vast group of users. When designing a more suitable phone it is important to consider regional variation and perspective to be taken into context. The solution must be flexible to accommodate the vast revolving needs in the features of the mobile phone (Kuusela & Paul 2000). According to analysis carried out in the US, Japan, Germany, Canada and much other geographical location, it is clear that much gain is accruable of varied social economic profile from a broader of mobile phones sustainability and practice. Focus is been shifted to transferability, fashion, part replacement, resource and the role of repair in order to shape the mobile phone practice to reflect environmental sustainability as per the information availability (Hornbaek 2006). A broader understanding of the factors that influence the perspective and practice can identify the solution that can be suitable to sustainability and varying surrounding of the mobile phone and constrains (Huang &Truong 2008). . Conclusion The mere nature of the devices being mobile and facilitating communication opens these devices up to a wide Pandora’s box of issues that applies much less to fixed hardware and as such forces a forensic investigator to consider illicit third party tampering with the device (Dumas and Salzmann 2006). The other dominant issues with imaging of mobile phone data as evidence are related to the multitude of applicable standards, not only on a software or technology but also network-level. To add to complexity, many of the constraints that limit functionality on these devices - such as the necessity for a low power profile do not enable designers to spend much effort in building in security features that could be of use during forensic data acquisition (Stanton, Salmon, Walker and Jenkins 2005). References: Kuusela, H., Paul, P. (2000). A comparison of concurrent and retrospective verbal protocol analysis. The American Journal of Psychology, 113, 387-404. Hornbaek, K (2006). Current Practice in Measuring Usability: Challenges to Usability Studies and Research, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies.  Dumas, J. S.; Salzman, M.C. (2006). Reviews of Human Factors and Ergonomics. 2. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Porter, Elias H. (1964). Manpower Development: The System Training Concept. New York: Harper and Row. Stanton, N.; Salmon, P., Walker G., Baber, C., Jenkins, D. (2005). Human Factors Methods; A Practical Guide For Engineering and Design.. Aldershot, Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing Limited. Carrol, J.M. (1997). Human-Computer Interaction: Psychology as a Science of Design. Annu. Rev. Psyc., 48, 61-83. Wickens, C.D.; Lee J.D.; Liu Y.; Gorden Becker S.E. (1997). An Introduction to Human Factors Engineering, 2nd Edition. Prentice Hall. Read More