Civil Engineering Project Module - Coursework Example

CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT MODULE Location Civil Engineering Project Module Executive summary Safety and sustainable site layout design and analysis have become a crucial part of every engineering project. These considerations are more critical when it come to the development of urban area, due to the short of resources such as land and the fact that a lot of people will use and be directly affected by the developments once complete. This report examines the design and development of the site layout at the clay pit lane site. When exploring the site, the important issues relating to the events that were considered include; the general design of the site and how the different services and social amities are incorporated into the final development. Traffic management system during and after the development of the site, which included the minimization of existing traffic flow around the site and how to control motorized and motorized traffic flow around the completed development. Other issues examined included Public transport, pedestrian access, and their relationship to each other and car parking, cycling, delivery vehicles and their relationship to both pedestrian and vehicular traffic. Introduction The project entailed the designing and analysis of layout at the clay pit lane site and came up with a development proposal that is safe, healthy, and sustainable. The work included the design and analysis of road layout, traffic management, location, and buildings, pay and display parking, secure cycle storage, location of bus stops and ground surface drainage. The road layout was for a primary spine road coming in clay pit lane. The pay and displayed area was for fifty cars, the secure storage units for twelve bicycles and the location of bus stops and shelters. The layout development also ensured that the site drains into the existing sewer line running along the southern boundary. The buildings on the site plan were a two-storey office building of cavity wall construction, a number of portal frame industrial units and a number of steel framed two stored retail blocks. The most important aspect of the analysis was to ensure that the final development is safe, healthy, and sustainable. Site layout and services The plan includes the general site outlook and how the different structures, services, and social amities are incorporated into the final development. The issues examined include how the shape, location, and size of the spine road affect the site layout. Spine road re-design The shape and type, location and size of the spine road will have in the eventual site layout. The kind of development will dictate the type and form of the spine road design required. This is because the kind of vehicle that will use the road plays the most important part of the design formation, and the site development will influence the type vehicles used. The road will be designed to accommodate large vehicles. The geometry and the plan should ensure that both vehicles exiting and entering the existing road network should experience minimal delays and must adhere to the criteria and guidelines for road design (Sadeghpour et al. 2006). The general traffic that will be experienced on the road once in use is directly connected to the number of structures with the development, and therefore the amount of people expected to work in the development should be accurately calculated. There should be a minimum o two access points to the development to ensure that adequate and easy access is provided to all areas of the development. The first access point will be towards the left end of the site next to the industrial units with the other located close to the highway (Khalafallah, & El-Rayes., 2006). The road spacing is related to speed, volume, and the distance required for moving vehicles to take up positions. Therefore, the road spacing should be at least 5.5 meters, which will also reduce congestion and ensure large delivery trucks can access the area. The need to maintain the safety and reduce the likely hood of congestion will determine the location of the primary access point. Proper development of the access site is important, and it will define interact with existing and future traffic. There will be full visibility to the left and right between 1.05 meters above the carriageway. The design will also incorporate non-motorized facilities, with footpaths on both sides and a cycle path on one. There will be a number of lines connecting to the with one serving the people who use the bus stop, and another will connect it to lane c. To ensure that roads are safe for crossing, three zebra crossing will be located on the road a number of drops off and pick a points. Office block design The block will be a two-storey structure with two basements, and once in you use it will be able safely to accommodate 65 people with enough parking for 50 vehicles. The office block will have 65 rooms each occupying an average of 15 square meters of office space. The office block will also contain two meeting rooms with each holding 55 square meters of office space and designed to accommodate a total of 35 people at once. There will be total of eight bathrooms and shows, with each occupying foursquare meters making it a total of 32 square meters. There will be a reception area occupying 14 square meters near the main entrance where the secretary will be receiving guest. The basement will be used for underground parking to complement the pay as you display parking spaces. The basement will have will have 40 parking spaces each occupying 3 Square meters make it a total of 120 square meters occupied by the basement parking while on the ground surface there will be 10 parking spaces available. The structure shall have a total of 1251 square meters with 975 square meters rentable office space. The cavity walls of the office space will be designed to be soundproof to ensure that the actives taking place in the industrial and retail blocks of the development does not disturb the occupants (Shakibamanesh., 2011). Retail and industrial units The site development will have a two story steel framed structure housing retail blocks. The building will contain four real blocks with each block measuring 25m by 15m making a total of 2000 square meters. The structure shall occupy most of the parking spaces available, and this is important because it ensures that there will be enough parking of customer how will be doing their retail shopping on the block. T he building will have 30 parking spaces available, with 25 open for the clients and the remaining five used by the delivery trucks to load and offload of goods (Glover, 2006). The site layout will include the building of dimensions 30m by 15 m that will house a number of portal industrial units. The building will have an eaves height of seven meters to ensure that all types of delivery trucks will be able to pass through its entrance. The building layout will be designed in such a way that the long dimension being perpendicular to the spine road. The end of the building will be close to the road, and it will include a row of two parking, perimeter landscaping, and public sidewalks. When it comes to the structure design of the parking, its location should not be more that fifty meters and, its long dimensions will be placed perpendicular to the highway. These will ensure there is safe for collections and deliveries by articulated lorries. It will ensure there is sufficient parking for the workers of the facility and ensure that there is easy access to forklifts trucks to the facility. The loading and unloading area will not be visible from adjacent properties or publics right of way it will have a perimeter landscaping. It will ensure that the public will be protected fro any accidents that can occur. Pay and display parking The layout design for car parking was done while taking the whole development site into consideration. Each of the different components of the site has parking demands, which had to be met, so the design had to ensure that all the fundamental needs of the various buildings were met. The best way to achieve these was to ensure that each building would be designed separately with its own parking, but the other facilities such as circulation roadways and access driveways would be shared. The models considered the following guidelines Traffic should be able to move to and from the highway access or frontage road with minimum disruption to through traffic and ensure maximum traffic. The arrangement of internal roadways to ensure that it avoids as much as possible the conflicts between intersecting streams of moving vehicles. There should be enough provision of minimum length distance the entry and exit points and the parking spaces themselves. There should be safe and secure treatment of conflict with pedestrians and another road yours. The provision of pedestrian paths and parking spaces for the people with disabilities. Each component of the development had its parking developed into the building layout designs. The office block was designed together with basement so little on-site parking was allocated to it. The parking designs of the industrial unit were more complicated due to the risk such a building is associated with. Its parking will be located less than 5 meters and its long dimensions will be facing the highway. These will ensure safe collection and drop off b the articulated lorries. The parking was also designed to ensure that the employ and emergency vehicles have easy access to it for convenience and in cases of emergencies. This parking design also ensures that there is easy access to forklifts trucks. The loading and unloading area will not be visible from adjacent properties or publics right of way it will have a perimeter landscaping. This will ensure that the public will be protected fro any accidents that can occur (Addis 1999). Ground surfaces, site drainage, and landscaping The slope is the single most important factor to consider while designing for the drainage of the site. The slope is too high it would significant disadvantage because it encourages surface runoff with causes high soil erosion. The slope of the place was not too steep and their for it would not have too much effect on the surface water which was avoidable when placing the different components of the development. The ground finishing will ensure that there is maximum drainage, which will help in the recharge of underground resources of the city. Accordingly, it was complemented by the use of porous ground surface material the surface and sewer drainage was designed in such a way that they will flow by gravity to the main sewer line on the southern boundary of the site. The designs and locations were done in such a way that it incorporates rainwater-harvesting facility, which will reduce water runoff and reduce the water bills to he developments. This harvested water can be used for landscape watering or recycled into the building to be employed in the bathroom (Croak 1992). Design of the drainage system The important considerations in drainage design include the following; The surface runoff management should be done on the surface where it is possible to do so. The spaces shared by the public should be used and integrated into the drainage system of the area where it will be able to serve more than one properties and its reasonable practice to do so. The design is cost-effective to maintain and operate over the facilitys life design life, which will reduce the risk of the drainage system not working. The drainage systems and the other structures should be designed to ensure that they work under the anticipated loading conditions over the life of the structures The movement of surface runoff must minimize erosion of soil. As far as possible, the design of the system must reduce the use of energy during its design life. The design of the drainage system considers a number of things discharge of the water, peak flow rate and volume, water quality, flood risk and operation and maintained. The type of discharge considered n our design was that of underground this is because we wanted to avoid surface runoff as much as possible. Sustainable development The design layout used a number of sustainable approaches that included the location of the building, noise reduction mechanisms and the harvesting of rainwater for use. The building was oriented in such away that it would make maximum use of sunlight, the building will have large windows that let in sunrays and wind and thus reduce on the bills of power and air-conditioning. To minimize on the nice that may be coming from the industries all the cavity walls were designed with soundproofing. The final layout drawing References Addis, W., 1999. Structural and civil engineering design. Aldershot, Hampshire, Ashgate. Croak, S., 1992.The idea of building thought and action in the design and production of buildings. London, E & FN Spon. Glover, P. V., 2006. Building surveys. Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann Khalafallah, A, & El-Rayes, K., 2006. Optimizing Airport Construction Site Layouts to Minimize Wildlife Hazards, Journal Of Management In Engineering, 22, 4, pp. 176-185. Sadeghpour, F, Moselhi, O, & Alkass, S., 2006. Computer-Aided Site Layout Planning, Journal Of Construction Engineering & Management, 132, 2, pp. 143-151. Shakibamanesh, A., 2011. Non-Structural Lid Alternative Design Considerations For Urban Circulation Planning, And Design. International Journal Of Academic Research, 3(1), 208-222. Read More