How the Policies for Governing a Society Differ - Coursework Example

Name Tutor Course Date Introduction In dynamic modern world, policies play a crucial role in governing societies. Each society formulates its own policies according to their political, economical and cultural structures. Thus policies enable a society to function according to their own needs. Policies are formulated so as to govern societies in the modern world. For instance policies on environmental conservation and public health enable a society to live in a conducive and clean environment and be able to access health service when need be. Some societies for instance the United Kingdom and the United States of America have put in place energy policy so as to govern the use of energy resource for the benefit of the society at large. Different societies have a diverse array of needs that ranges from economic, political, social and cultural. Thus the global economy for it to function appropriately there is needed to formulate new policies in the society. Civil societies have also come up to protect the interest of the society by ensuring that the formulated policies benefit the society and not a few individuals in power (Salvatore 56). This paper will therefore focus on some of the best policies used to govern modern societies and why these policies differ in various regions of the society. How the policies for governing a society differ Societies or governments set out their strategic plans in a specific document or a white paper that is known as a policy. Hence these policies spell out the political, economic and social objectives of a particular society. For that reason each society in the modern world has its own way of governing itself. Due to the diverse nature of each society in the contemporary modern society, policies differ from one region to the other. Thus societies cannot formulate similar policies due to their diverse nature of each society. Hence each society or country formulates their own policies according to their specific needs. For instance the education policy in the US greatly differs with the education policies in the UK. The USA might need to train more doctors so as to deliver efficient health services while on the other hand the UK might need to train specialists such as nurses to meet their health needs. Thus policies differ from one region to the other due to the specific political, economic and social needs of a particular society. However despite the difference in policy formulation and implementation in different regions; there are some policies that cut across the whole region. For instance policies that deals with environmental conservation and energy. Every society wishes for its people to live in a clean environment and avoid pollution; thus the formulation of policies that environmental friendly. Thus these policies are applied by different societies although not in the same way due to difference in political, economic and social backgrounds. There is difference in the approach method used by different countries in as far as their policies are concerned. For instance the European Union energy policy seems to be focused more on the environment as opposed to that of the US which is clearly economic based. Thus economic and political issues plays a crucial role in the formulation of different policies in regards to the modern society. Hence different societies apply varying approaches in formulation of their own polices. Although the end result is always similar as for the energy policies, some regions have a geographical advantage towards others. Thus their strategic location allows them to formulate certain policies as compared to other regions. According to Axford, Political situation of a country also plays a crucial role in the formulation of policies that govern a particular region (60). The political structure of a society entails the leadership structure of a particular society. In the modern society there are some societies that advocate for democracy, liberalism, imperialism among others, for instance in a society where democracy is upheld, the will of the people will be respected in the formulation of policies. Dynamism in policy making will also be encouraged leading to the formulation of sensible policies that will benefit the society. The rights of individual need to be upheld as far as governments are concerned. Thus political system plays a vital role in the formulation and implementation of policies in the society. Governments should not come up with policies that will benefit a few individuals due to power but policies that will benefit the masses in the society (Axford 67-9). When a society experience conflicts as a result of political instability policies will not be formulated and the existing policies will not be implemented in the society. This would further lead to the state of lawlessness and anarchy leading to war outbreak and revolution. Therefore, for the formulation of policies in a particular society political stability needs to prevail for a conducive environment of formulation and implementation of specific policies. The economic aspect of the society also leads to variation in policy of different regions in the modern world. Some regions have a stronger economic base than others hence the economic policies in these societies will greatly differ. For instance during the Global Economic Crisis both the USA and the UK were greatly affected especially the banking sector thereby putting their economic bases at risk and weakening their entire economy. It is during this period that each region came up with best economic policies that will address the issues. Although both regions were greatly affected the magnitude of the effect was not felt in the same way. Thus each region formulated different policies to counteract the financial crisis. Hence the economic aspect of the society plays a crucial role in the formulation of specific policies that govern a given society in the modern world. The way a certain society is governed will also determine the kind of policy that will be formulated so as to suit its governance system. Politics forms the basic principles by which the government is guided and the society governed. Hence different policies are formulated in different regions due to the diversity of the needs of a modern society. According to Salvatore, due to the diverse nature of the modern society in the aspect of economy, political and social structures lead to varying in policies (102). There are no two societies that are similar. Societies vary in terms of their cultural diversity. Some societies easily embrace change in their policy formulation while other societies are still rigid in their policy formulation. Thus the diverse nature of a society leads to the variation of policies that govern such societies. Each society has diversity in terms of economic, political, social and cultural aspects within the society. Hence due to diversity being experienced in the modern society policies differ from one region to the other. Some policies are of more importance to a certain society more than others. For instance the energy policies might be more important than the economic policies or any other policies. Different policies in European Countries Energy Policies When evaluating modern global energy policies, similar concerns materialize. Energy is the most important aspect in the modern society. Hence there is a necessity to formulate sound policies that govern the energy sector in every society. Most modern societies are preoccupied with the idea of protecting their energy while at the same time reducing the costs of energy in the society. Every society is concerned with the security of supply of energy both in the sense of consistency, security regulation and import dependence. The ecological location of Central Eastern European countries plays a considered function in the future natural gas import policy. The social involvement is also another important aspect. Thus prices have to replicate the marginal costs. For this reason transition economies make their price policy cost-based and make the society aware of the costs of energy they use. Taxes have a substantive impact on the final energy prices as they tend to inflate the prices making energy unaffordable in most societies in the world or countries spending more revenue on the energy sector (Küng 320-29). Therefore for any society a good policy can indirectly have a positive effect on energy resolution policies. Another important policy in the energy sector that modern societies should note is the energy efficiency policy. Every society or state is applying the necessary measure to lower Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth from energy use. Thus many countries are formulating vital indicators for the assessment of their respective policies. Hence every society is faced with similar challenge in regards to energy, electricity and environment thus the need to formulate comparable policies within the nationalized perspective in order to deal with the existing disputes. Thus the best energy policies in the modern society are those that are able to decrease energy imports while at the same time improving efficiency. Environmental conservation is also important in the sense that carbon dioxide emissions need to be reduced for a safer environment. The best policies that govern the energy sector should reflect the ideal situation in the society. As much as modern societies should formulate policies that will help in the reduction of energy imports while reducing the cost of energy, the safety of the society should be a priority. Different societies apply different approaches in the governing policy of the energy sector. For instance the US energy policy is economic based while the UK energy policies are environmental based. Hence due to diverse needs of different societies the policies greatly differ while at the same time achieving their intended purposes in their energy sector. Thus the difference in policies in different regions is exhibited by the fact that society is diverse and therefore each society has its own unique needs. Specific policies are formulated in each society so as to meet their different needs in the society. Economic policies are formulated according to the strength of the economy of a given society. Hence each society formulates and implements its policies differently with the view of attaining their set goals and objectives (Bell and Hindmoor 101-9). Financial Policies The financial crisis adversely affected the UK financial system that exposed certain weaknesses in the emergency management and decision structures. Thus this awakened the need for sound financial policies so as ensure that financial market institutions, especially banking sectors function efficiently and financial steadiness is sustained. Hence reinstating a sound economic system is a requirement for continued economic development. The European Union has adopted a number of strategies in its economic policies. According to Dean, knowledge based economy as an objective forms the lead to sustainable economic growth with a greater social cohesion (65). Most societies have adopted a national reform programme whereby the set policies are evaluated after a period of time so as to gauge their effectiveness. Policies that are not performing as they were objected to are formulated to meet the set goals. Hence most societies have strived to adopt the best economic policies in the world so as to shield them in future economic crisis occurrence. Thus the Financial Global crisis experience enabled most countries to identify loop holes in their economic policies and enabled them to adopt new policies that were more effective. Poor economic policies have been attributed to cause a lot of misery and poverty in many societies. Therefore the need for best economic policies that will ensure sustainable growth of the society’s economy. However, best economic policies go hand in hand with the political stability in the society. Hence economic policies are highly dependent on the political environment in a certain society. The best economic policy for governing a society in the modern world will thrive well if a good political will is maintained and sustained. The ideal economic policy, both for the present and the future; the government should safe guard and protect against domestic and overseas hostility the lives and property of the society under its command, resolve disagreements that may occur and citizens should be liberal to practice their different goals in their lives. The market forces should also be regulated while more job creation enhanced. Hence best economic policies play a crucial role in governing a modern society. For instance through the use of best economic policies the UK was able to formulate policies that counteracted the effects of the global financial crisis that had weakened its economic base while putting a lot of pressure to the society. Thus when poor economic policies are implemented due to poor governance society undergoes upheavals that shake its entire economic structure. Best economic policies need to be applied in every society in the modern world so as to achieve economic prosperity (Bell and Hindmoor 88-9). Conclusion Policies play a crucial role in governing modern societies. The economic, political and social or cultural aspects impact either positively or negatively in the formulation of policies in the modern society. Each society has its own needs and therefore each society formulates its own unique policies so as to govern the various sectors within the society. Most policies in the modern world are formulated by the political class hence the needs for political good will so as to implement such policies successfully. In the modern society best economic policies and policies in the energy sector are of great importance since the energy and economy are important aspects in the society. Most societies strive to formulate and implement best policies so as to achieve economic and national prosperity. Hence policies in the society are formulated in the society for the purpose of governing the society and encouraging prosperity. Best policies might be universal and cut across regions but formulation and implementation process differ from one region to the other. Thus the approaches of the policies greatly differ from one region to the other due to difference in political, economic and social structures in different regions in the world. Sound policies leads to society and national prosperity being realized. Works Cited Bell, Stephen, and Hindmoor, Andrew. Rethinking Governance: The Centrality of the State in Modern Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Print. Dean, Mitchell. Governmentality: Power and Rule in Modern Society. London: SAGE, 2010. Print. Küng, Hans. A Global Ethic for Global Politics and Economics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. Print. Axford, Barrie. The Global System: Economics, Politics, and Culture. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Print. Salvatore, Dominick. National Economic Policies. New York: Greenwood Press, 1991. Print. Altman, Stuart H, and David Shactman. Policies for an Aging Society. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002. Print. Read More