TABLEAU ECONOMIQUE - Essay Example

Management Explain Xenophons view on what constitutes a good manager and the managers objective is accomplished. What motivated Xenophons leader? Xenophon’s prolific writings on leadership and management have continued to stand the test of time two centuries after his death. This has been accredited to his systematic work touching all relevant spheres of leadership and management. He bluntly fronts his views and astitutely outlines how objectives need to be accomplished. His background as a soldier and also his association with Socrates greatly contributes to his celebrated works on leadership and management.

According to him, leadership is an art which must be mastered. The ability to inspire is one of the attributes Xenophon puts great emphasis on. Instead of stressing on checklists or offering leadership recipe, He sets standards on what leaders should be. From his views, a leader settles for no less than a positive outcome no matter how insurmountable challenges come. This He brings clear in the events following the battle at Cunaxa where Cyrus had been apparently murdered. The Greek soldiers had ultimately been discouraged and saw no chances of battling a seemingly superior army (Hedrick 47).

He motivated the commanders of the army that, if their juniors got the slightest hint that they were discouraged, none of them would join them back to war. But if they stood their ground and focused on the enemy confidently and commanded their juniors to play their part, they will ultimately want to be courageous like them and contribute in conquering the enemy. He carried the day after this stint of motivation despite facing several hurdles from what earlier seemed to be a much more superior army.

In addition leaders should be able to set clear expectations of performance. This lies in the leader’s primary responsibility in the organization of his juniors. According to Xenophon, it is the duty of the leader to outline what is right and what is wrong to his followers. This guides the behavior and sets expectations. He stressed vision as a paramount aspect of leadership. Vision involves transforming people’s thoughts to be in line with those of the leader to where they should be in the near future or even extended future.

Guidence through vision exonerates current focus and gives preeminence to what is likely to happen in future (Hedrick 78). Inspired individuals are ready to get going and don’t have baggage with them. Xenophone asserts that the inspired are readily competitive and always ready to meet challenges. From his military background, the commander who keeps his troops ready for any eventuality instills a sense of safety among them. He says “Not strength or numbers bring victory in a battle, but the strength of the soul ultimately no enemy can withstand”.

Furthermore, he fronts the view that true leadership is tested in adversity in that a leader that people choose to listen even in the hardest and the most difficult times, qualifies to be called a leader. In accrediting the selfless leadership attributes of Clearchus, He says “When caught in an awkward position, he kept his head up, everyone who was with him everywhere agrees’. A leader ought to be a role model to his followers even if he is not in their midst. A leader should be an all rounded figure, all in one.

He should be of vision, confident, enduring and optimistic. A manager’s objective is accomplished based on the attributes he exhibits among his followers. A leader who is able to inspire, motivate and also lead by example has higher chances of having his objectives accomplished. Team work is essential for the success of any manager and Xenophon puts great emphasis on it.Intergrated efforts from members of an organization contributes to attainment of overall objectives. Xenophone obtains his leadership inspirations from his life as a soldier.

The diverse challenges he encountered predisposes him to in depth insight on leadership. Also regarded as a student of Socrates, some of the Socratic ideas may have motivated his model of leadership (Hedrick 114). 2. Illustrate and explain Quesnays Tableau Economique Quesnay’s views emanate from his political economy system. He depicts his views through a diagram that presents the system of production under a social system which he refers to us the natural order. Comprising the productive class are those engaging in agricultural activities.

These majorly refer to enterprenual capitalists who hire casual laborers and rent land. Agriculture in this instance is practiced following capitalists methods. It is this class that he refers to as productive since they produce a surplus net than what is consumed (Ip 83). The other class called the class of the proprietors majorly consists of lords, tithe owners and landlords. They normally earn ten percent of the levies. They are sustained by profits that they obtain from the productive class.

They don’t directly engage themselves in productive activities like those in the productive class. The third class is called the sterile class. This class engages in activities not agricultural in nature. They are thought not to add any significant value expect only to raw materials which to say is supplied by the productive class. This table ideally puts emphasis on how basic reproduction takes place among the three classes mentioned. Using a survey carried from a capitalist region in France; he deduces the figures to numerically explain his views.

In his view, the productive class commences by engaging in agriculture and gives ten billion as the starting value in fixed capital. He refers to this initial value as the original advances. In circulating capital, he assigns it two billion which he refers to us annual advances or “advances annuallea”.Considering the fact that the fixed capital which is ten billion is not entirely used up each year, and the yearly cost used to maintain the fixed capital can be estimated as one tenth of the total value, which in this case is one biilion.

This translates to an annual expenditure amounting to three billion from the productive class (Ip 102). The productive class having expended three billion brings an aggregate value of five billion from the products that they create. These results to a two billion surplus each year in value regarding the agricultural products. The two billion surplus is what is called the net product or”produit net”. In reference to this table, one unique fact emerges that Quesnay is one of the few people who takes a synthetic approach in observation of economic relations instead of an abstract approach.

He therefore brings into culmination the aspect of political economy. In conclusion, one aspect can be deduced from the aspect of political economy, which traces its roots from the ages of feudal deadlock to the desire of creation of capitalism. The desire in regard to considering reproduction manifests itself at the beginning and also in the end. This desire then recedes but on a gradual basis from Quesnay to the time of Smith followed simultaneously by Ricardo. Works Cited. Hedrick, Larry. Xenophon’s Cyrus the Great: The Arts of Leadership and War.

New York: St. Martin’s Griffin, 2007. Print. Ip, Greg. The Little Book of Economics: How the economy Works in the Real World. New York: Wiley, 2010. Print.