Tools Used to Obtain Quantitative Data - Essay Example

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The paper "Tools Used to Obtain Quantitative Data" discusses categories under which research tools are categorized:

Phenomenology: originating in philosophy and psychology
Ethnography: based on anthropology
Grounded Theory: based on sociology
Case Studies: originates in psychology and business research
…

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Subject: Business
Type: Essay
Level: Ph.D.
Pages: 1 (250 words)
Downloads: 2
Author: hartmanndesiree

Extract of sample "Tools Used to Obtain Quantitative Data"

Under categories come the tools which form the qualitative research design. These include:

Focus Group discussions: Small group discussions led by moderators
Depth interviews: a probing interview between the researcher and respondent
Conversations: Unstructured dialogue recorded by the researcher
Semi-structured interviews: Open-ended questions that ask for short essay-type responses
Word associations: Records the first thoughts that come to the respondent's mind to some stimulus
Observation: Recording notes which describe observed events
Collages: Respondents assemble pictures that represent their thoughts(William G. Zikmund, 2010).

Quantitative Research Designs

Quantitative business research is research that addresses research objectives through empirical assessment, numerical measurement, and analysis. The resulting quantitative data represent the phenomena by assigning numbers in an ordered/meaningful way (William G. Zikmund, 2010).

There are various tools used to obtain quantitative data. These include:

Surveys: Contact respondents to obtain a representative sample of the target population. Surveys further include:
- Questionnaires: these questionnaires can be structured or unstructured, disguised or undisguised. The main aim of these questionnaires is to ask questions according to the research objectives.
- Cross-sectional studies: a study in which segments of the population are sampled and data is collected from that at a single moment in time.
- Longitudinal studies: A survey of respondents at different times, allowing analysis of responses that change over time. These further contain tracking studies and longitudinal studies(William G. Zikmund, 2010).

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