Science and Engineering Indicators - Assignment Example

Report on Japan Japan is well known for this advancement in technology. What are the reasons to strive Japan for being able to be so advanced in the industry To Japanese people information is a resource, after realizing that it was not endowed with Agricultural productivity policy makers in Japan decided to adjust their strategy in order to cater for food shortage crisis (Arlington, 2002. pp 38). As a result Japanese people put their emphatic efforts in what they are good at: commercialization. Consequently Japan made long-term commitment to information Technology. By the year 1955 Japan decided to meet international contribution by contributing information as a resource (Arlington, 2002. pp 41) Decisions were made to ensure that Japan produced highly educated and goaded labor force to promote information allied, and highly knowledgeable industries (Arlington, 2002. pp 58). With passage of time Japan endowed unwavering focus has been able to achieve this dream through nation based programs. Japan tailors its own employees during their college and schooling ways so that the curriculum they pursue is relevant to the job market so that some of the skills taught during schooling don't go to waste. Japanese people capitalize on specializing in the area of labor which comes with multiple advantages such as:-minimizing time wastage which results to more efficiency and productivity (Arlington, 2002. pp 66). As a result there is duty simplification as employees become more and more effective due to exposure and repetition of the same task. Concentration on one recurring task equips workers with expertise in their little time is spent moving between tasks so overall time wasted is reduced. The overall goal attained is quality productivity (Arlington, 2002. pp 72). Japan brings forth motivated hardworking labor force, in the working culture of Japan employees are given many incentives in order to stick to one job. Japanese unlike many other nations do not hop fro job to job they tend to stay in one company and as a result employees attain expertise and built up that company the culture of innovation and advancement in companies is that built making Japan a big economy. Japan's success in information technology is accrued largely to its commitment and support of industries in the linked technologies (Arlington, 2002. pp 85).It has hence put a lot concentration producing superior semiconductors, chip-making skill, and records storage devices, amongst others Information related technologies(Arlington, 2002. pp 88). Japan's success in the computer industries has led to significant market share; the profits have been further reinvested and Japanese capital expenditures have remained high. Though Japan was somewhat frail in software industry this weakness is checked by the industries who took the initiative to train fresh graduates (Arlington, 2002. pp 93) Employer-sponsored programs continuing education in Japan was rigorous and efficient as a result of employee mobility. Some of key ideas in Japan were going global in pursuit of new markets and opportunities, outsourcing outdated technologies and relocating some of it is companies to the suitable markets. Japanese companies were using the proceeds from their success in end user electronics and other information industries to launch themselves other places around the globe (Arlington, 2002. pp 128). The Japanese were experimenting with a vast number of computer structural designs (Arlington, 2002. pp 66). Although their projects were based on American structures, the gap amid the U.S roots and the initial Japanese scheme had narrowed from over a decade and Japan was furiously catching up with the U.S at a very impressive speed. Strategically Japan advanced in computer architectural designing. Hardware making, prototype designing, vector developing and in the area pipeline design, keen hardware replication arc, multimedia workstations, and technology transfer formed their basic areas of strength. Japanese people are detail oriented and keen in whatever they do this acted as a boost in the areas of computer graphics, logic programming, and artificial intelligence applications (Arlington, 2002. pp 61). It is awesomely apparent that individual organizations in Japan practice the same basic manufacture based technologies as many other nations. What keeps Japan afloat in as other countries is that Japan companies practice them with a much immense reverence for detail (Arlington, 2002. pp 40). Japanese people too are dedicated hardworking and highly disciplined. There cultural heritage determines their mode of participation in economy building and this works for the overall good to the whole population. (2) being able to achieve approximate 94.45 million subscribers for mobile phones,60.80 million subscribers for 3g mobile phones, and 33.65 million subscribers for 2G mobile phones by the end of November 2006. This proves that awareness among the Japanese is high as they are aware of the latest technology that was introduced in the industry. What are the key factors to this success A proper emphasis must be made that technological development in Japan was possible only because of the nation's bequest of development in the technology network (Arlington, 2002. pp 34). This cannot be overemphasized because the favorable conditions for technology transfer did not exist only in Japan. In fact, Japan was unable to attain complete self-reliance in technology until after World (Arlington, 2002. pp 35) War II, especially in the 1970s, but this was made possible only because it first technology progressed through the recovery of the pre-war level of technology development. Social and cultural conflict in Japan was far more serious at the start of industrialization. In the past Japanese culture was characterized by blind worship of foreign technology (Arlington, 2002. pp 39). One thing very imminent in Japan is that, having set forward on the road to industrialization; it had to tackle social and technological problems common to once an agrarian nation. Japan decided more than a century ago to abandon being an agrarian society (Arlington, 2002. pp 128). Although the nation had agreed on the transformation, there was no accord on how it should be accomplish the policy of being fully a technological industrialized economy. Noticeably; Japan has gone too far to regress to being an agrarian society (Arlington, 2002. pp 140). The key decision they made years ago has visibly done more good than harm to its overall population. In Japan cell phones have become ever-present art of the Japanese customs. The key reason for rampant embrace of this new technology is first and foremost the high level of literacy in Japan (Arlington, 2002. pp 102). Most of Japanese people are knowledgeable and have had prior experience in formal education. The new technologies are User-friendly, there is ease in usage of the new technologies emerging in Japan the soft wares utilized create a graphical user interface which allows effortlessness in access and navigation options. The new technologies create efficiency a and convenience in areas of communication and data transfer so in essence people are compelled to learn the new technologies by all means so as a result majority population becomes technological competent. In Japan Mobile phone gadgets are highly affordable due to entry of many manufacturing firms in the industry consequently the ordinary citizens are able to access the new technologies because they are affordable (Arlington, 2002. pp 188). Pervasiveness in the new wave of technology appeals to the majority population. It is not funky for an individual to lack technical know how so technically this forces the mainstream population to learn technology to avoid being phased out by new trends (Arlington, 2002. pp 196). The all inclusive gadgets are so tempting to any one like a common mobile phone which can do all clerical and computing works a at the same time act as a camera and a note book. On the same note the gadgets save on space and time because they are small and portable thus can be easily carried from one place to another can be utilized in data formatting a and transmission (Arlington, 2002. pp 201). (3) What are the reasons for that the cost for internet connection in Japan is much cheaper and higher bandwidth. Entry of many internet service providers in job market The high demand for internet services for developed countries like Japan has attracted many firms to invest in Internet provision. As a result of many people have entered into business as ISPS (Internet service providers) the competition compel the key players to cut down on the cost of their services in order to have a competitive advantage over their opponents consequently the prices of the internet go down (Arlington, 2002. pp 213) Ease in internet installation process. Getting an internet set up connection is a very easy process. Connecting home based work station to an internet takes less than three hours. Advanced internet and other related technologies has considerably made communication effective as well effective. Currently individuals do not need to have the traditional analog telephone line in order to get an internet connection (Arlington, 2002. pp 218). There advanced technologies like Wireless connection, VSAT amongst many others advanced technology have necessitated cutting down on setup costs making internet availability relatively cheap compared to other means of communication (Arlington, 2002. pp 219). Highly developed fiber optic network Utilization of high technological internet connectivity options like the use of fiber optic cable which allows fast and ease in data transmission. This reduces traffic and makes information available in a short span of time. A lot of bandwidth is relayed in a very short period. Government initiative and assistance The Japan's government has initiated the process of cheap and fast internet by offering subsidies on computer based commodities and services this makes internet affordable and available to the majority of the population (Arlington, 2002. pp 224) The need for faster and effective means of communication. Japan work force embark on a highly and strict management strategies in conducting their business such as Just-in-time. Such production strategies require highly communication means to enhance smooth flow of data to both suppliers producers. Internet and other related technologies offer cheap and effective mean of communication. Japan as major player in the global market has invested substantial amount to be connected globally and this can be a key factor for it's to employment of latest technology. Work cited Arlington VA, 'Science and Engineering Indicators'. National Science Foundation. 2002, pp 32-224 Read More