Ethical Expectations In Workplace - Case Study Example

Ethical Expectations In Workplace Ethical Issues under Examination Every individual person is supposed to observe and uphold a modicum of public morality. This is the ethical expectations expected whether at work or at other places. Various ethical issues under considerations include various aspects. Some of the concerns can be an extension to the social sciences and research on education. There is need to ensure a universal code of conduct for the best optimization. The innovative nature of research methodology puts in to consideration the fundamental aspect of the principle. This evaluation results in to an ensured high level of integrity and truthfulness of the entire research design largely. The epistemological view involves a lot of application in the principle rule governing efficient handling of the entire aspect of ethics. The impasse and overall ethical doctrine can illustrate a practical approach through which a contingent resolution provides a prescription (Oliver, 2003). Philosophy and Ethics The research practice concerned with social sciences provides a suitable base for the analysis of social sciences. The underlying principle that ensures efficient evidence draws a conclusive view of the entire research program. The evaluation of the doctrine of social science provides light to educational research and the contemporary approaches towards this science. The objective of the ethical attribute ensures a reflection to the main issues of research methodology and the relationship between traditional methodologies. The techniques applied in ethical guidelines should reflect sound standards that will oversee an integral part with much integrity and acceptance. Many debates provide an attempt to give a viable definition to the global village. The kind of moral philosophy determines the good, right or wrong behavior mechanism of an individual. Social science ethics means value free science. Philosophy is a great study that focuses on analysis of an argument. The society in which an individual lives must portray relevant beliefs expected of that community. A perfect example is the issue of witchcraft. Some communities exercise the vice of witchcraft to their belief as a way of life. The analysis of philosophy can refer to the loss of practices and styles maintained by the family. This happens when there is an element of skepticism that ensures the assistance and development of important aspects of the nature of humankind. Some guidelines apply and directs towards the means for an end of the majority. The guidelines focus on informed consent, deception, privacy and accuracy. Other than these judgments, there exists other guidelines and circumstances through which the elements and rules can be violated (Pring, 2001). Value Analysis There exists a need to make good choices while drawing a line between values at a competitive end. Value analysis depends on beliefs in the life system. Experience is another element of the value system. Value illustrates the behavioral attributes of being at the right or wrong point. Virtue theory is an important aspect of the value system. Virtue theory composes of a number of cardinal elements. These include courage, wisdom, justice and temperance. Apart from these cardinals, there exist other important cardinal virtues like wisdom, good temper, self-respect and generosity. Virtue ideologies focus on the fact that there ought to exist a need to avoid all bad traits like cowardice and injustice. The cardinal virtues advocates for a need for education for the young. The greatest contributor to the ethical life is the individual society in which one lives. Research Methods through Non-Traditional Ways Latest studies raises questions as to the kind of data collection methods portrays the most ethical picture. Some methods used to collect data contravene some principles of ethical nature. The analysis of this principle provides coverage under the covert observation. Covert observation states that the participant analysis involves the performance of a task without the entire agreement of the social item under study. This means finding an explanation of the research to identify the true meaning and purpose of the research. Ethnographic Study This is an issue of research methodology. The issue contravenes the research ethics. A good link to the ethnographic study is the fieldwork analysis. The most common issues associated with the fieldwork study is the reconciliation of the research. This type of reconciliation depends upon the adoption of the postmodern economic conditions compared with postmodernist truth in the application of analysis. Categorical Imperative The application of the criteria that exhibit universal principle remains the best priority level of all stakeholders. This means that there is a probable chance that people will apply the same principle (Cohen, Manion and Morrisson, 2001). Categorical imperative is a moral philosophy that depicts individuals as morally upright with a high potential to exhibit strong elements of integrity. The rules made at the community level aims at protecting the moral approach of an individual. People make these rules such that they must be in a position to follow these rules. Relevance and Accountability Approach Various stakeholders exist to involve themselves in the processing of research geared towards educational level. The research conducted consists of various correspondents through which they posses an accountable position towards the work of research. The society enjoys the overall benefits of such a research since all progressive ensures attainment the community level. The participants at the research ground portray a form of criticism that can influence the product of the study. There arise some enemies due to the existence of such crises during study. The overall result of the work already researched may lack of pragmatism behavior. This means that there exists a problem associated with theoretical analysis. This provides enough proof of inefficiency at any decision point. It is evident that the society in the current world id made up of ethical imbalances and moral decay. Various attempts encompass the coming up with viable solutions, which do not bore any fruits towards positive approach to ethics. The magnitude of the tasks required for performance is excessively many to ensure an element of ethical freeness. The process or conflict and ethical resolution is possible through the analysis of all possible scenarios that exhibits ethical behavior. Through this, it is conclusive that the mystery behind ethical issues might proof some solutions. Ethical Theories that could apply Ethical subjectivism. This is the claim that there exist no unique way of handling and coming up with a resolution to the problem (Feinberg and Landau, 2008). Further, it extends to the view that there is no ideal solution to the nonexistence of ethical protocols. Normative Theory. This is a situation where a special analysis is made as to the conditions prevailing under which an element of an action shows a moral right or moral wrong. Normative subjectivism provides an allowance where morality depicts true or false. This shows an element of truthful ethics with no truth that is objective. Ethical relativism. This theory depicts or shows that there is no right and or wrong that is objective. It is notable that the opposite point of view from this perspective depict objectivism or even nonrelativism as the objective position of either right and or wrong (MacKinnon, 2010). There exists a second version of this element of ethical relativism. This refers to social and cultural aspect of relativism. The latter holds that the values of ethical nature vary from one society to the other. Similarly, the basis of that judge’s moral element lies in the social and or cultural views. Divine theory. The elements dispensed by the theory depicts right together with wrong as a determinant of God. This means that religion in terms of Islam, Christianity and Judaism believe in the power of sympathy through a divine conception (LaFollette, 2000). The theory rests upon some important building blocks. The claim about the dependency level of God is the first aspect. Then there is the issue of a specified nature of the relationship between God and moral attributes. Finally, there is the element of the divine nature through which moral elements exhibits it self. Ethical egoism. Ethical egoism is a descriptive state shows the elements of people acting towards the maximization of their stake. The theory is normative in nature and involves the formulation in different scenarios. The viability of ethical egoism revolves around various factors. The first one is the grounding egoism, the consistency pattern, the derivation from an economic point of view and the conformity to moral views (MacKinnon, 2010). Utilitarianism. The idea behind utilitarianism is the right and or wrong moral principle. This is determined by the usefulness of a particular action. The benefit threshold of a right action is felt if happiness is realized. Similarly, a reduction of the pain to an individual means full realization of this model (Mill, 2006). Consequentialism. This is a demand that is usually developed as a theory propagated and designed to be comprehensive in its appeal and theoretical soundness. The theory demand moderate thinking and understanding. It is more or less similar to consequentialism (Darw Parsons, R.D., 2001all, 2003). Deontological ethics. The individual rights and or wrong involves the determination through whether there is a consistent duty done in the motive attributable to the fulfillment of goals. The goals fulfilled provide a moral basis through which respect to other people becomes transparent (Zauderer, 2010). Kantian ethics. This initiative propagates the influence of a model. This depends upon various contemporary ideas and implications (Saurette, 2005). The interpretation of this ethical practice relates to the kind of argument of a moral establishment that creates an imperative figure of moral behavior. Virtue ethics. This is the application of the ethical principle to determine the kind of action applicable. The application of moral principle is influenced by what a particular person would do under the same circumstances (Darwall, 2003). Justice theory. The applicable moral principle associated with justice is of importance. This is especially while dealing with the questions to determine the elements of justice. The overall goal of this ethical principle ensures that all parties involved ensure an element of equity without injustice (Kolm, 20020. Ethical Resolutions to the Dilemma Growth of business and relevant processes has led to business pioneers and managers to encounter dilemmas. Managers try to avoid the direct confrontation with ethical issue however; they can be dangerous if assumed. Involvement of several people from different areas across the globe who believe and values diverse things has led to managers needs in resolving the dilemma. Ethical issues violated involve areas like when there are organization downsizing, technological development, employee allocation, and pollution control. These areas are of importance to any organization and tend to be of concern top the managers. In this effect, a methodology of solving the problem is set, though they are not applicable in all issues. These are the step to solving these issues. Understanding of the facts surrounding the problem, seek to have the information you need to resolve, review the parties to dilemma and their interests. It is imperatively important to come up with a list of probable resolution for the problems. It is also importance to evaluate the cost for cost benefit analysis. With the steps as a guide, you can be able to make viable recommendations to the problems facing an entity. Some questions ought to ask one self as developed in the theory developed by Blanchard and Peale “Is it legal?” “Is it balanced? “Does it affect your feelings?” In resolution, therefore you use the basics to the questions. If an act is illegal in its literal sense such as tax default the resolution does not lie with the managers rather it is beyond them. The second one is to look at the problem from the perspective of the owners or the community. The last one involves its effects to the feelings. Some of the managers’ acts may be legal and balanced but never fulfilling and may result to feeling restless The other model just like the first one is Wall Street model. It consists of conformity, contribution and resultants. Just like the Peale model, all ideas must comply with the law. This review followed by aligning the decision to the owners of the entity and other direct beneficiaries make it clear to the manager. Finally, it is decision to evaluated its impact to others units and users who may be affected by such decisions in a conflict. In solving the ethical conflict, the methodology is not really the issue but their application by various managers. The attribute of various managers ease the process. The manager should be able to discuss, internalize and solve the problems. In line with this the have to have good negotiation skills, conflict resolution, analytical thinking and interpersonal skills (Gomm, 2004). Ethical Resolution from an Education Profession. The issue of consideration here will involve the dealings with the local and federal laws in the practice of daily activities. There ought to exist a potential linkage with the lawyers. This is particularly so while trying to represent individuals with health care issues and other situations. The existence of this kind of an interaction will strengthen the relationship and intellectual reasoning. This will stimulate a lot of research issues (McNamee and Bridges, 2002). Ethical resolution in the field of psychology. The raising issues at this point include the professional codes, principles of ethics and the implication of the daily exercise. The resolution requires a thorough understanding of the overall role of the standards expected of a professional member. Psychologists should ensure compliance with the standards by equipping themselves with the relevant knowledge as per the professional requirements. All practitioners require observing the limitations as per the professional code. These limits include the language elements. The reason for this will be ensuring that practitioners handle all problems and litigations. This will improve and motivate all concerned stakeholders. Health law ethical dilemma. The discussion point at this point provides a very pragmatic scenario. The health practitioners ought to observe all the professional codes at all times. The health lawyers require a caution as to the nature of circumstances arising at a particular point in time. Similarly, the health practitioner ought to observe strict guidelines and adhere to these guidelines at all times (Parsons, 2001). References Cohen, L., Manion, L. and Morrisson, K. 2001. Research Methods in Education. United Kingdom: Routledge Falmer Darwall, S.L., 2003. Virtue Ethics. United Kingdom: Wiley-Blackwell Darwall, Stephen.l., 2003. Consequentialism. United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons Feinberg, J. and Landau, R.S., 2008. Reason and Responsibility in some basic Problems of Philosophy. Washington, D.C: Cengage Learning Gomm, R., 2004. Social Research Methodology: A Critical Introduction. New York: Palgrave MacMillan Kolm, S.C., 2002. Modern Theories of Justice. Washington D.C: MIT Press LaFollette, H., 2000. The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory. United Kingdom: Wiley- Blackwell MacKinnon, B., 2010. Ethics: Theory and Contemporary Issues- Concise Edition. Washington D.C: Cengage Learning Mill, J.S., 2006. Utilitarianism: Easyread Comfort Edition. Washington D.C: ReadHowYouWant.com McNamee, K. and Bridges, D., 2002. The Ethics of Educational Research. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Oliver, P., 2003. The Student’s Guide to Research Ethics. Philadelphia: Open University Press. Parsons, R.D., 2001. The Ethics of Professional Practice. Boston: Allyn & Bacon Pring, R., 2001. Philosophy of Educational Research. United Kingdom: Continuum Saurette, P., 2005. The Kantian Imperative: Humiliation, Common Sense, Politics. Ottawa: University of Toronto Press Zauderer, N.N., 2010. Descartes’ Deontological Turn: Reason, Will, and Virtue in the Later Writings. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press Read More