Blood bank (immunology) - Assignment Example

Lecturer Blood Bank (Immunology) Blood bank techniques entail mixing antigens and the antibodies. Noticing the agglutination reactions provides an indication of the levels of antigen or antibodies present. The tests tubes must be graded, and the technique applied during the cells resuspension will influence the grading reactions. The appropriate procedures for grading the reactions entails; making use of the lighted agglutination viewer, reading one tube are a specified time, putting the tube in the appropriate position, and position the cell button towards the mirror, and finally check how cells come off.

The agglutination tests also ensure the reaction generates aggregate (Charles 87). The red blood cells are kept apart through changes in pH. At the isoelectric pH level, the red blood cells have ionic charge that keeps the cells apart. The electrostatic forces are also responsible for keeping the cells apart (Richard 39). The table illustrates aspects of the antigen-antibody reactions. EffectAdvantage DisadvantageAgglutination reactionsThe reaction comprises insoluble antigen and suitable antibody.

High sensitivity levels.Semi quantitative reaction.Incubation timeRestores the electrostatic forces that prolong antibody incubation.Best alternative to the heat induced retrieval of antigens.Prolong antibody incubation.Temperature Red blood cells are divided into two categories, warm and cold.Hydrogen bonds are more stable during low temperatures.The equilibrium effect is minimal.pHDetermined through equilibrium curve between 6.5 and 8.4.This property elutes red blood cells antibodies.Reaction is minimized at both sides of the maximum.

Ionic strength Molar concentration of ion in the solution. False reactions are because of the compliment attachment. False positive reactions during low ionic levels. ConcentrationSimple dilution influences the quantities of IgG in the cells.Increasing concentration enhances the antiglobulin test sensitivity. Only high concentrations can have desired sensitivity impact. Antibody identification in a blood bank is conducted through blood tests of the patient. The tests are conducted on the red blood cells of the patients.

The antibody identification test is conducted when the red blood cell antibody screen becomes positive. Results of the antibody identification using the red blood cells illustrate the specific antibodies that are found in the blood being tested (Oss 115). Works CitedJaneway, Charles. (2011). Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease. New York: Garland Science.Oss, CJ. (2006). "Nature of the antigen-antibody interaction. Primary and secondary bonds: optimal conditions for association and dissociation".

Journal of Chromatography 376: 111–9.Sunshine, Richard. (2009). Immunology : A Short Course. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 63–64.