Cancer article review - Book Report/Review Example

Today, the Latest statistics updates show that about 465 people out of 100,000 in the U.S are diagnosed with cancer. Therefore, all cancers share same underlying principles also known as hallmarks (Federica, Carla and Patrizia). This is a study that was performed to determine the regulatory role of Cavelion-1 which is an inhibitor of PGDF. It regulates signaling events originating from plasma membrane micro domains termed as caveolae. This implies that caveolin 1 is an inhibitor of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) proliferative responses and it capable of transforming PGDF –induced proliferative signals to death signals.

In this case proliferation of normal cells is a controlled process involving antiproliferation signals that coordinate the cell cycle activities. This is so particularly at the G1 phase which is vital in antigrowth signals which may exert their influence to block cell proliferation. Antigrowth signal in normal cells usually block proliferation by induction of G0 Phase or induction of post mitotic state. However, most cancer cells have devised ways of circumventing the normal growth suppressors in order to continue proliferating.

In normal tissues, the proteins that are usually dysregulated are those controlling the cell cycle while in cancer cells they are the retinoblastoma protein. This forms the third hall mark in which case, normal cells switch on apoptosis in response to stress inducing events which may include irreparable DNA damage. There are two signaling pathways that are dysregulated by cancer cells. The first is the extrinsic pathway in which activation occurs when pro-apoptotic ligands bind to pro­­-apoptotic cell receptors.

The second one is intrinsic which is triggered within the cell by severe cell stress such as DNA damage. Cancer cells are also known to resist changes through other ways which include: Autophagy in which cell organelles are broken down for energy metabolism