Analysis of Vibrio Fischeri - Essay Example

Once there they physically change. They become smaller in size and lose their flagella and begin to give off a natural glow. There are a number of interesting aspects to this particular bacterium, which includes, symbiotic living, a special relationship with certain species of cephalopods, animals that can actually glow in the dark, and preserving nature’s polluted waters.

Again this bacterium is often found inside and one fish and certain species of cephalopods, like octopus and squid (O'Brien). However, they are not harmful once inside of another species, in fact, the relationship is actually quite beneficial for both species. The Vibrio fischeri rely on the fish for a protective environment and the bacteria create a very special reaction that is incredibly beneficial to the aquatic species. There are five genes that when active and through the process of oxidation take place in the system of certain species it causes the host animal to literally glow in the dark (Maiden).

Despite how unusual and strange that may sound it is absolutely true. In truth 90% of most fish and sea life carry some amount of these bacteria in their systems or on their bodies, however, some creatures glow brighter than others (Widder). However, it is these bacteria that have been attributed to instances when the processing of fish products have on occasion resulted in slightly glowing fish sticks (Maiden). However, one species, in particular, is the prime example of this phenomenon the bobtail-squid, native to the waters of Hawaii, have colonies of these bacteria living on their undersides. Because the squid possesses an organ, called the light organ, which is a unique structure similar to the make-up of an eye, possessing both an iris and a lens, yet it allows the squid to produce a glowing light. To predators looking up at the squid, it appears to be reflective light from the moon and stars on the surface. According to experts, it is similar to a “Klingon cloaking-device” (O'Brien).

This phenomenon is called “bioluminescence,” which is referred to as a literal chemical and biological reaction in the host’s body. The most scientific explanations state, “Bioluminescence refers to the visible light emission in living organisms that accompanies the oxidation of organic compounds (luciferins) mediated by an enzyme catalyst (luciferase)” (Bluth, Frew, and McNally 1-5). This is ultimately a very advanced way of saying these things can glow in the dark. It is fascinating and, also, quite beautiful. Bobtail-squid glowing in the dim underwater environment is quite stunning. These bacteria do develop very quickly. Each day the squid ejects all of the existing bacteria and by the time this nocturnal squid awakens for the evening a whole new generation of bacteria will be ready to rejoin the squad. As can be seen above the image is quite brilliant. This process is so beneficial to both squid and bacteria that juvenile bobtail squid shortly after birth literally invite and welcome the bacteria to join with them (O'Brien).

Along with the benefits that these bacteria offer to a number of sea life, it is also, currently, aiding conservationists and scientists in Florida to understand the chemical, toxicant, and pollutant levels within an Indian River Lagoon. They are accomplishing this with the help of Vibrio fischeri As the light begins to dim as the toxins kill the bacteria this can tell scientists just how polluted a given body of water is (Widder). This makes this little bacteria a huge ally, both in providing the bobtail-squid protection, camouflage, and even finding food, while also beneficially aiding humanity in gauging and repairing the damage to the world’s waters that we have caused.

Of course, this also proves that the bacteria may be in the direct dagger. If pollutants and toxins found in their environment are capable of killing them so easily, then the very bacteria that provide so many benefits may be entirely killed off if they can no longer find clean environments where they can survive. This, like all things in nature, will have a negative cascade impact on other species within their environments. For example without the benefit of its symbiotic relationship, the bobtail squid would lose its camouflage, its aid in finding mates, and its advantage in its pursuit of food. This would compromise the stability of this species, as well. If that happens then other species that may rely on the squid will also find themselves negatively impacted (Widder).

Much like so many things on this planet Vibrio fischeri has been placed in danger of negative impact and potential extinction because of negligent attitudes and accountability of humanity; which in turn is going to negatively impact the bobtail-squid populations for example. If the symbiotic relationship between the ocean species discussed, or any other species in dozens of other environments and ecosystems, is not considered a greater priority in the research, reform, and necessary change then this bacteria is only the beginning of the kind of loss this planet can expect to experience in the future. In the meantime, Vibrio fischeri will continue to make the sea beast glow and represent another shining example of how bacteria are beneficial in many cases, and beyond that, their presence can actually make the world all the beautiful.