Roman Catholic Co-educational Residential College - Assignment Example

Newman College, Melbourne By Course Professor’s Name Institution Location of Institution Date TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 1.0 Background of the building 3 2.0 Building Analysis 4 2.1 Land Scape 4 2.2 Materials and technique 5 2.3 Initial design 5 3.0 Structure Identification 8 4.0 Integration of the system 11 Reference 13 1.0 Background of the building The new College is a Roman Catholic co-educational residential college which is affiliated with the University of Melbourne (Drennan 2016). This college was founded by the Roman Catholic Church in Victoria and the name was given after the English scholar and churchman, John Henry Cardinal Newman. He was one of the greatest English writers and theologians of that time (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). In his book where he envisioned the need for University, the Newman College main objective was to impart knowledge in the heart and mind of residents. The college opened in 1918 with only 56 students (Drennan 2016). The college is managed by the Jesuits and the number of students in the college has increased tremendously. By mid-1915, the initial meetings had been held to help oversee the planning and construction of the college (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). The institute of Architect imposed some condition resulting to not calling the competition entries but rather Walter Burley Griffin and August (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). among others were commissioned to give architectural plan for the college. Griffin was the chief planner, the land architect and landscaping who oversaw the planning and building process of the college 5th July 1915, it was passed that Griffin to come up with the sketch plan and on 18th October answered some questions and gave explanation on the same. The plan was approved in December 14th 1915 by the University building council (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). The contractors were vetted and the foundation stone was laid in 11th June 1916 and the official opening of the college was done in 24th March 1918 with 56 students (Drennan 2016). Initially, the plan was to have central chapel with two wings symmetrically placed to form a partial enclosure of cloistered Garden Square on both sides of the chapel. This did not happen and only one wing was built and it was enclosed on the garden square on the east north side and partially enclosed the south and west sides of the garden square (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). 2.0 Building Analysis 2.1 Land Scape The landscape plan included a plot for the larger campus which was to complement the building design (Knoblich et al., 2015). The plan of the plot was to delineate mass planting of Australian flora which was organized by seasonal flora colors and the combination of orange, yellow and scarlet among others. The landscape was parallel landscape design with a more schematic plot plan (Knoblich et al., 2015). It was a garden design composed with mostly vegetation, the landscape design was one of it’s on during that time and was very attractive with several architectures following the design. The general plan is shown in the figure below 2.2 Materials and technique The building was constructed with reinforced concrete consisting of dressed stone masonry finish externally while internally was plastered (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). There was a refectory dome which was constructed using reinforced concrete and a hollow terracotta blocks which were fitted between two skins for the segments of the dome with exposed ribs externally. The exterior of the dome and the building floor were finished using the terracotta tiles (Turnbull 2013). The building constructed were two storeyed residential wings which extend at the right angles from the middle domed refectory. The residential wing separated by classroom and the school library block at the southern end while the western end consist of recreational facility. Other facilities include two spur wings and a senior common room which is to the east and a kitchen which was to be on the northern side (Turnbull 2013). 2.3 Initial design The size of the scheme made the contractor take the L-shaped element of the residential wing and on the side of the domed refectory (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). It was argued that the two L-shaped elements are symmetrically disposed about a central free standing chapel building (Nguyen-Viet et al., 2014). The study of Newman college building structure reveals that Griffin’s precedents for the plan is one for Jefferson’s first 1772 scheme of the Monticello. It is clear that both plans were developed in such a manner that with the west at the top of the sheet, toward the most desirable views. The structural outline is shown in the figure below:- Griffin also envisaged rotundas, a Dining Room beneath one dome and also a library under the other. Griffins further proposed recreation rooms blocks, from the figure above, it is clear that the arms of the L-shaped have cloister giving access to stairs and the so called Oxford suites of the two rooms per student (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). The college base was also borrowed from the Philibert d l’Orme building philosophy this gives the architectural richness of the buildings and the college (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). The western wing of the college fully borrowed from the Philibert d l’Orme and this can be shown in the figure below The architect of Thomas Jefferson was adopted in the construction of the Newman College. The dining hall dome was laminated with timber. The dome of the library was placed centrally in the college like the one of Jefferson’s design of the University of Virginia (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). In the plan Griffin adopted Cottancin’s construction system in developing the College. It was ribbed reinforced concrete vaults for the dining hall dome at Newman College. Looking at the Aerial views show that one of the main rib pairs cross to form the square base to a lantern in both the Melbourne College and the one at Montmartre church. Nevertheless, the building does not actually shows the non-replica of the Cottacin’s (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). The building itself is well structured showing a well finished. The overall structure of the college can be demonstrated in the figure below In the construction process, the dome appear to float above a fortress of rusticated walls like it protect the aspirations within and from profane world outside. The dome looks or appears to be smooth rounded mound capped with four chiseled rock faces and a crystal mast with attendant growth of building young stem (Tang, et al., 2013). The corridor and the outside structure of the college is shown in the figure below The corridor is crystal clear with concrete pillars, concave windows that captures the the Jafferson style of building. The roof shows the pillars which are shape and oval shaped roof which was mostly embraced by Griffin (Tang, et al., 2013). 3.0 Structure Identification There are six major structural system of the building the can be seen from the structure. They include:- Bearing wall system Building frame systems Moment resisting frame systems Cantilever column system and The Library is a Nine-Storey building reinforced concrete building with basement. The structural outlay is shown in the figure below The figure above shows the NS section, the typical floor plan and the overall building dimension of the Newman College Library. The structural system here is characterized by two shear walls which are designed to help with stand lateral loads in the NS direction and a wall made of core through which it houses the elevator shaft and helps in providing resistance to the East West (EW) loads (Sherlock 2015). The structural system of this building has been tested and approved by structural engineers including shaker and ambient test (Sherlock 2015). This simply proves to the important nature of the architectural work which took place in the construction of Newman College by Griffin (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). It has also been found through the analysis that EW structural response to low level amplitude motions was tested and approved (Sherlock 2015). The figure below gives the Arial view of the structure after completion The systems not specifically designed for seismic resistance From the building structure, the wall bearing systems surrounds the structure and gives it the basic primary support for the weight of the building. It consist of concrete, masonry and wood construction. A typical example is shown below The frame system are common and steel concrete are used in building them and help in providing the vertical support. There are round columns used in building the Newman college library which helps in providing this support. From the building, the lateral resistance is provided either by the diagonal steel, beams and columns. Typical example used in the Newman College is shown in the figure below It gives the building necessary support. 4.0 Integration of the system The architect Griffin embodied Heber Spencer’s notions of community and freedom of association. The refectory in the center, the classroom, library and the chapel block is just but a few indication of his notion. The vertical alignment, the L-shaped structure and many other are well structured to give the building its aesthetic value (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). The painting was done in a way to capture the needs of the society. The plan of the plot was to delineate mass planting of Australian flora which was organized by seasonal flora colors and the combination of orange, yellow and scarlet among others. The landscape was parallel landscape design with a more schematic plot plan (Pont and Proudfoot 2015). It was a garden design composed with mostly vegetation, the landscape design was one of it’s on during that time and was very attractive with several architectures following the design. The foundation of the college was in line with the shape and weight of the building giving it desired strength (Pont and Proudfoot 2015).The figure below explain the integration system of the building structure and the shape. Reference Drennan, J.F., 2016. St Carthage's and its architect, Patrick loseph O'Connor (1901-1959). Footprints, 31(1), p.24. Knoblich, K., Park, S., Lutfi, M., van’t Hag, L., Conn, C.E., Seabrook, S.A., Newman, J., Czabotar, P.E., Im, W., Call, M.E. and Call, M.J., 2015. Transmembrane complexes of DAP12 crystallized in lipid membranes provide insights into control of oligomerization in immunoreceptor assembly. Cell reports, 11(8), pp.1184-1192. Nguyen-Viet, H., Newman, S., Phuc, P.D., Trang, D.T. and Payne, D., 2014. Inter-sectoral collaboration for One Health implementation in Vietnam: Training, research and emerging infectious disease control policies. Pont, G. and Proudfoot, P., 2015. From Cosmic City to Esoteric Cinema: Pythagorean Mathematics and Design in Australia. In Architecture and Mathematics from Antiquity to the Future (pp. 355-366). Springer International Publishing. Sherlock, P., 2015. The Foundation of the Melbourne College of Divinity. Journal of Religious History. Tang, H., Cai, W., Wang, H., Zhang, Q., Qian, L., Shell, D.F., Newman, I.M. and Yin, P., 2013. The association between cultural orientation and drinking behaviors among university students in Wuhan, China. PloS one, 8(1), p.e54796. Turnbull, J., 2013. Some garden references in the Sydney office library of Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin. Australian Garden History, 24(4), p.16. Read More