Design of Small Housing Estate Project - Assignment Example

Principles and Applications for Construction and the Built1 Environment xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Name xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Course xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Instructor xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Date Task 1 Best way to protect the environment With increased global warming and climate change, all industries with main focus on the building industry need to develop best ways to protect the environment. Not only are client want to be provided with cost efficient product but also product that are sustainable and protect the environment. It is quite evident that architects need to engage in reducing carbon emission and adopt new green solution so as to protect the environment both for the present and future generations (Singhal and Pandey 2001). The majority of building material used in construction projects comes from natural resources such as timber, concrete and bricks. The removal, manufacture and distribution of construction materials have adverse impact on our environment and therefore there is need to come up with way that we can reduce these impacts on our environment. Report indicates that demolition, refurbishment as well as construction account for about 100 million of waste generated in the United Kingdom. Due to this increased waste generated from the construction industry, it is necessary to develop strategy that will allow resource efficiency and waste management (Singhal and Pandey 2001). Construction companies need to adopt the reuse and recycling as method of enhancing waste management (Cointreau 2006). The hierarchy below defines the efficiency of the reuse and recycles hierarchy; Both recycling and reusing reduce on waste and this save on the primary resources. Reusing and recycling allow the value of products at the end of life to be realized in future use or application (Corbett and Klassen, 2006). Recycling plays an important role in protecting the environment through minimizing carbon emission by way of opting for less energy intensive processes. Further, recycling reduces the amount of waste in our land fill. Recycling of non degradable products allow save the environment through provision of grounds for regeneration of natural resources. According to Melnyk, Sroufe and Calantone (2003), for both reuse and recycling to be sustainable, it is necessary for this process to be financially viable. The companies need to constantly carry out Life Cycle Assessment so as to be in a position to understand the environmental impacts of the produced services and products. It is necessary for each construction companies to develop a waste management strategy where failure to do this penalties should be issued for the companies that are non compliance with site waste management legislation. The Environmental Protection Act 1990 sets out the various penalties which local authorities can use on construction companies who present their waste incorrectly. Fixed penalties will be issued to corporate who present their waste harming people quality of life. Here, harm to the society amenity will be introduced before civil penalty for the same is imposed. Companies need to be aware of all the environmental laws that govern their processes. Committing serious harm to the environment may carry a penalty from $1 to $5 million. Organizations need to obtain an environmental protection license and develop a waste managing plan to be able to protect the environment. Task 2 Roles and responsibility of the design team Introduction The design team is considered to be large and complex due to the responsibility and role of each member in the team. This team comprises of individual from different professional with different ideas, experience, specialist training and education (Silberman 1998). For success in the design process, members within the design team are issued with clear contractual relationships with responsibilities and roles. The members of the design team are; Client The client has an important role in the inception of the project. It is the responsibility of the client to check all resources available. It is his role to provide pre construction information to both contracts and designer. Also, the client is expected to review as well as approve the design in its development. Architect The architect is considered as the lead designer. The architect main role is to ensure the client brief is understood. Here, the architect is expected to understand the client and society needs. It is the responsibility of the architect to ensure the construction is sustainable through communicating with both the design and construction team (Silberman 1998). Further, it is the duty of the architect to understand relevant legislation, the project design, its quality and cost. It is the responsibility of the architect to integrate as well as coordinate the work of the design team. Architect technologist He works closely with the architect. The architect technologist is expected to establish contract procedures as well as administration work. He is expected to have a broad understanding of the construction technology especially in drafting and developing drawings (Johnson, Johnson and Smith 1998). Interior designer The interior play an important role in developing the project interior finishes and décor. The person is normally associated with developments of higher specifications. Landscape architect The main role of the landscape architect is enhancing landscaping. Also, the landscape architect is expected to coordinate with others so as to improve the manner which risks are controlled and managed. Clerk of works The clerk of works together with the architect work in providing the client with quality inspection of the project processes. Clerk of work help the design team in daily resolution of technical issues that are raised by the contractor (Millis and Cottell 1998). Structural engineer His main role is to use the architect design and develop a structural design to ensure that all components of the construction can safely with stand different loads. The structural engineer design entails; structural frames and walls, foundation and drainage. Quantity surveyor The main role of the QS is to undertake take off of quantities from specifications and design drawings. Further, the QS use this take off so as to produce a bill of quantities. The bill of quantity is important in the preparation of the budget (Millis and Cottell 1998). Building and services engineers These engineers are involved in the production of a design that provides a comfortable internal built environment such as lighting, ventilation and heating. In order to perform their role effectively, these engineers need to work closely with the structural engineers and architect. Facilities manager The manager is expected to maintain the completed building. He is responsible for the building maintenance such as cleaning and painting (Davidson 1994). Conclusion With this huge team in design of a project, it is important that interactions are maintained among members. Every member in the team is expected to coordinate as well as cooperate own work with that of the others. It is important for each team member to apply the principle of prevention especially when they are carrying out their duties. Task 3(a) Benefits of BIM in planning and designing a project It is quite evident that the growing global economy has brought various significant changes in the architectural industry. The rapid changes in this industry have led to creation of opportunities bringing about increased competition among organization in this field (CRC Construction Innovation 2007). In order to maintain a competitive edge in this industry, architectural companies from home based business to large multinational organization, there is need to adopt new technologies, tools and workflows. Evidently, for the architectural business to lead amid the constant changes brought about by globalization are adopting the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM). It is quite evident that with BIM, architect continues to obtain insight into how buildings can perform even before the construction begins (Dean 2007). This insight enables an architect to having sustainable design more that have fewer complication in the project inception. BIM is defined as a 3D representation of a building project as well as all its intrinsic characteristics. The approach provides coordinated as well as consistent representation and views of the digital model comprising reliable information at its project stage (Dean 2007). Fig 1: BIM uses throughout the building life cycle The BIM approach assist the project design team to achieve more consistent outcome and therefore increased process client satisfaction. BIM is defined as the design process that largely relies on information rich as well as intelligent model at every desired stage of the project (Associated General Contractors of America. 2005). For an SME, BIM will ensure information related to construction information including both functional and physical characteristic enhancing the project life cycle. A BIM is largely characterized by spatial relationships, geometry, properties of construction elements and geographical information this therefore demonstrate the whole construction life cycle (Bazjanac 2006). The fact that different type of information can easily be shared using the BIM approach it allows faster and more efficient processes. These processes allow better design as construction proposals are analyzed rigorously enabling innovative as well as improved solutions (Bazjanac 2006). The use of BIM plays an important role in all phases of design and construction of project. Building projects are large and complex and therefore for an SME architectural business enables sharing of model between architect, engineer, subcontractors and construction manager (Bernstein and Pittman 2005). Task 3(b) With increased globalization, the construction industry is growing at a rapid growth and therefore there is need to adopt new technologies as well as recognize the importance of green technology. The construction industry produces a lot of waste and therefore I believe each business need to develop a plan on how it manages its waste. Environmental sustainability should be a responsibility of each person. With environmental legislation being put up to govern the globe natural resources, construction companies need to understand that their process should not negatively impact on the future and presence generation ability to use the natural resources. I believe that responsible management of waste is an important concept of sustainable building. Companies in all fields need to manage waste through reusing and recycling waste as this allows sustainable management of natural resources. The construction industry is large and complex and therefore I believe that there is need for all parties to understand their roles and responsibilities within a given project. In order to ensure that the industry runs very well, the client need to be informed of all operations in all the phases of the project. As technology is advancing across the globe, I believe that BIM services are required by construction managers, engineering firms and architect. I believe that BIM can be used in enhancing information exchange of the construction products between participations. There is need to also outline the various challenges of BIM to the construction industry parties. Clearly, BIM is a complex process and therefore posses challenges in both planning and monitoring of the construction project. The challenges should be addressed since the use of BIM tools continue to prove to be of value to the various construction projects. The full benefits of BIM are achieved by way of collaboration of the design team. References Associated General Contractors of America. 2005. The Contractor’s Guide to BIM , 1st ed. AGC Research Foundation, Las Vegas, NV. Bazjanac, V. 2006. Virtual Building Environments (VBE) –Applying Information Modeling to Buildings [WWW document]. URL http://repositories. cdlib.org/lbnl/LBNL-56072 Bernstein, P.G., and Pittman, J.H. 2005. “Barriers to the Adoption of Building Information Modeling in the Building Industry”. Autodesk Building Solutions Whitepaper, Autodesk Inc., CA Cointreau, S. 2006., Sustainable Solid Waste Systems in Developing Countries. The World Bank, Washington DC. URL: [sitere sources.worldbank.org/INTUSWM/Resources/English_e-Sessions.pdf]. Corbett & Klassen. (2006). Extending the horizons: Environmental excellence as key to improving operations. Manufacturing and Service Operations Management, 8(1), 5–22 CRC Construction Innovation. 2007. Adopting BIM for Facilities Management: Solutions for Managing the Sydney Opera House, Cooperative Research Center for Construction Innovation,Brisbane: Australia Davidson, N. 1994. Cooperative and collaborative learning: An integrative perspective. In Thousand, J., Villa, R., & Nevin, A. (Eds.). Creativity and collaborative learning: A practical guide to empowering students and teachers. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brooks. Dean, R. 2007. Building Information Modeling (BIM): Should Auburn University Teach BIM to Building Science Students? Graduate Capstone, Department of Building Science, Auburn University. Johnson, D., Johnson, R., & Smith, K. 1998.. Active learning: Cooperation in the college classroom. Edina, MN: Interaction Book. Melnyk S., Sroufe R., & Calantone, R. 2003. Assessing the impact of environmental management systems on corporate and environmental performance. Journal of Operations Management, 21(3), 329-351. Millis, B., & Cottell Jr., P. 1998. Cooperative learning for higher education faculty. Westport, CT: Oryx. Silberman, M. 1998. Building cooperative learning teams.Cooperative learning and college teaching, 8(3), 16- 17. Stillwater, OK: New Forums Press. Singhal, S and Pandey, S. 2001. “Solid Waste Management in India: Status and Future Directions”. TERI Information Monitor on Environmental Science, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-4 Read More