The Ways of Organization of World Exhibitions of Fine and Applied Art - Research Proposal Example

1 Professor Name Institution, course number Date Gallery of Art From school lessons, everyone knows that all acknowledged genii of fine and applied Art worked for a long time in order to make their works world-famous and popular. Unfortunately sad experience demonstrates that the recognition came to them, as a rule, after their death or (for the most successful ones) at the last years of their life. Only few of them can boast that they have become famous painters during their lifetime. The main reason for this "inattention" to the young artists was the progressiveness of their views that the world could not accept. For example, how could a strict and puritanical Spain accept the paintings, which demonstrated naked women? According to the canons of the Spanish portraiture, women had to be dressed completely up to their necks. The poverty of authors was also one of the reasons for the neglected paintings. They had to make paints and canvases by themselves, as they did not have an opportunity to buy the necessary equipment. Now it is valuable, but in those days, it was not recognized. The painters used great amount of different materials instead of canvases. Even Monet (a famous painter) wrote on the canvas, which already contained his pictures. The painter took away the previous painting and made the new one instead of it. Desperately, the artists had the patrons during their life. For example, one owner of the shop sold painting equipment in Paris. He was obsessed with a new unknown stream called “Impressionism” and even lent paints, brushes and canvas to poor painters. He also bought their works of art and exhibited them in 2 the window of his shop. As a result, he became an incredibly rich man, who helped people to see the talent of Picasso, Monet, Degas and Cezanne. Many people recognized that those authors had great talent and considered the shop profitable. Despite this, there were people who did not share this opinion, as the creator was an ordinary owner of the shop. There is a way to pay the attention of the auditory to the works of new painters. Instead of buying the works of unknown authors, it is better to open a gallery and organize the exhibition of their works. Paul Alexander, a patron of the world-famous painter Amedeo Modigliani, brought this idea to life. Firstly, he bought the paintings and exhibited them in different countries. Later, he opened his own gallery, where existed even those paintings of Modigliani, which were not a property of Paul Alexander. It is important to mention that his family was not poor and Paul could afford it. The aim of this work is to describe the project, which can help people to be acquainted with the world masterpieces. This paper describes the ways of organization of world exhibitions of fine and applied art and its importance for the formation of the cultural development of the society. Historical Background “Pictures are meant to be looked at, but we have two ways of looking – with our eyes and with our minds. Our eyes see only the surface – the lines, colors, and shapes. These may stir our feelings; for instance, sharp, angular lines and bright reds and yellows will excite us, while smooth curves, blues and greens make us feel calm and rested. But when our minds help our eyes, we begin to understand as well as see” written by Alice Elizabeth Chase in 1964. The history of painting has been formed during the long centuries. It was influenced by different political, economic and social changes in the life of the 3 people. Each of the works of art reflected the spirit of the events happened at the certain moment in the past. Painting is a very ancient kind of art, which worked its way up from the rock frescos of the Palaeolithic age to the latest trends of the art of the XX century. Painting has a wide range of opportunities for incarnation of the ideas of the painter from the realism to abstraction. Great spiritual treasures have been accumulated during its development. In ancient times, the authors tried to reproduce the real world in the way people saw it. This caused the emergence of the effects of light and shade and three-dimensional pictorial images. It became possible to reflect the reality by means of the scenic resources. Painting served to decorate temples, dwellings, tombs and other buildings and consubstantiated with the architecture and sculpture. Medieval art was mostly religious. It was characterized by a mixture of local colors and expressive contours. The background of frescoes and paintings was usually of neutral or gold colors. Color symbolism also played a significant role in painting. The Renaissance period developed the idea of anthropocentrism, which put man in the center of the universe. This idea was reflected in the beautiful compositions on religious and mythological subjects, as well as in portraits and domestic and historical scenes. The role of art, which developed the scientific system of linear and the effect of light and shade, became widespread among the painters. The process of development of European painting in XVII-XVIII centuries became more complicated due to the formation of the national schools with their own traditions and peculiarities. Painting proclaimed the new social ideals. The majority of the works concerned the psychological problems of people, their feelings and the complicated relationships with the surrounding world. The variety of events in the real life, especially everyday human environment, led to the formation of a clear system 4 of genres: landscape, still life, portrait and so forth. Painting of the XIX century played an active role in public life. Works of Romanticism reflected the dramatic events of the history and modernity and was characterized by the contrast of light and shadow and color saturation. The turning point in painting, which greatly influenced its development, was the emergence of Impressionism, which strived to reflect the changeable beauty of the world. Artists began to write their paintings in the open air. At the end of XIX-XX centuries, the development of painting was complex and controversial. Various realistic and contemporary currents won their right for the existence in the world of art. It became popular to use abstract painting. This kind of art expressed the artists personal attitude to the world and was characterized by the usage of the geometric forms as well as the emotional and associative decisions of the painter. In the XXI century, the artists continue to search the new colors and technical means for the creation of works of art that will undoubtedly lead to the new styles in art, though the most favorite technique of the artists still remains oil painting. The Execution Of The Project The first item, necessary for the execution of the project is the placement. Gallery - is the area for the implementation of "beautiful" ideas, consequently, it must be well looked and placed in the center of the city. Building with a total area of ​​200 - 250 square meters should comprise the following work areas: 1. Hall for exhibition of the works - 45 - 80 (square meters); 2. Room for storage of the works - 25 - 50 (square meters); 3. Room for storage of the special equipment - 40 - 50 (square meters); 4. Office 15 - 25 (square meters). 5 The building should keep a certain temperature in order not to spoil the paintings and canvases. It should be also equipped with picture lights and alarm system. The lighting should be both natural and artificial. The second necessary point is the working team. Basic gallery team includes: The project manager - the main figure of the gallery. The prestige of the gallery depends upon his talent and activity. He makes decisions as for the genre of the picture and the necessary services; The programmer. As well as the other organizations, a gallery should have a website including the information about the establishment and the exhibitions held in it. The consultants. The main function of their work is to provide visitors with the information about the works of art. The quality of their work depends upon the interest of the customer in buying a particular painting; The secretary of the press-service, who establishes the contact between the public and the gallery; The tutor of the gallery - a person, who is responsible for the format of the exhibition. He determines the most popular trends in art and contacts with people, who provide the highest quality services in this area; The exhibitor – a person who deals with the issues, which concern the placing of pictures in the hall of exhibition in order to make them more attractive for the visitors. This is the example of the standard working stuff of the picture gallery. There are many people nowadays who have cultural education, consequently there is no problem to find and organize the team for the opening of the gallery. 6 The third item, which is obligatory for this process is the registration. Picture gallery does not require any special documents, just the standard ones, as a result, it does not take much time. It is very important to choose the right artists and works for the gallery as well as the style of works of art (drawing, photography, installation and so forth). The owner of the gallery chooses the painter according to his activity and skills, participation in the exhibitions and the popularity among people. When choosing the works for the gallery, it is necessary to pay attention not only to his own taste and opinion but also to the demand of works of art in the society. That is why, it is very important to consult the qualified experts. The budget of the gallery contains the initial and ongoing expenses. To make the financial situation clearer, we make the list of approximate expanses: 1) Rent of a premise – 1 500 – 2 000 dollars per month. 2) Renovation and designing – 25 000 – 40 000 dollars per month. 3) Wages and salaries – 10 000 – 15 000 dollars per month 4) Marketing Policy – 3 000 – 5 000 dollars per month. The project execution schedule Young artists learn about the gallery due to the advertising (in specialized media, Internet, art schools and so forth) and comes there with a selection of the best works. The team of the gallery evaluates the works. If there is a potential, both sides sign a contract for the future cooperation. The artist paints the pictures and the gallery arranges the exhibitions, expositions and holds the advertising company for these works. The gallery advertises the young and talented artists online, provides their exhibitions via the Internet and sells the paintings. As a result, in some time the artist becomes popular and the gallery 7 profitable. The advantage of this method is that the artist does not need to be confused about the questions how and what to do; he just develops his artistic skills. The function of the gallery is to be a guide for the artist and show him what styles of pictures are in demand for a certain period of time. After the six months of work, the owner of the gallery will know all the masters of art. This allows him to cooperate closely with large, well-known galleries, exhibition centers and so forth. The project will be implemented in a city with a population of over 400 000 people. Nowadays, the gallery plays a role of an "arbiter" between the artist and business that is obtained through mutually beneficial cooperation and brings aesthetic pleasure and profit. In the developed countries, the main function of the gallery owner is to convince the audience that the paintings represented in his hall are better than those ones represented in other places. The owner of the gallery deals with the difficulties in mental nature of the population. He has the necessity to explain the importance of painting to the visitors. Before the opening, it is important for the owner to form a cultural stream of the project, as well as to establish the contacts with all the artists in the city and region. It is also desirable for him to understand the art personally, in order to save the time and reduce the cost. The Benefits Selling of the paintings is not the only profitable thing. It is also possible to install a small entrance fee to the gallery. If a person really interested in art, he will not regret the sum of money, which has no impact on his daily budget. It is also possible to take a small fee from the artists who want to do an exhibition in the gallery, and to arrange different thematic contests works, participation in which also implies a certain cash payment. The advantages of it, from the 8 artistic point of view, are obvious. The history of art knows many examples of how the perception of the works of art led to the change of person’s lifestyle. Consequently, the origin of art is concealed in reality, but a work of art is a special world, implying the kind of perception that is very different from the sensations in real life. Art does not influence only the person’s sense such as intellect or emotion, it influences the whole person. Its aim is not to make him to perform a deed. It forms, sometimes unconsciously, the system of human values ​​and attitudes, the effect of which is often unpredictable. The power of art is just the appeal to human conscience and its aim is to awaken the spiritual abilities of a person. Looking at a beautiful painting or other work of art, one opens the new dimensions as it reveals something mysterious, unexplained and scientific. It is the secret of the powerful influence of art on the moral world of a person, his lifestyle and behavior. Artistic culture is put on the one level with life. Its interaction with the broad masses is a powerful way to transform the reality. The wider the circle of public art, expressed by different contents, the more numerous its audience. Here one can clearly see the most important specific features of art, which are represented in the form of human activity. Any product, for example an instrument, a tool, a machine and so forth is created for a special need. Even such item of intellectual production as a research may still be available and important for a small group of specialists, loosing nothing in its social significance. Any work of art is, first of all, recognized by such criteria as the uniqueness and general interest of its content. The artist aims to express something that is equally important for the ordinary people and scientists and is connected not only with the specificity of their profession. The developing of artistic perception is also the education of taste, the content of which encompasses not only the phenomenon of art, but also the representation of 9 reality in its aesthetic uniqueness. Taste is formed during the person’s entire life under the influence of the environment. Conclusion “Paintings must be looked at and looked at… They must be understood through the eyes”, wrote an American painter. But it is not always easy to get to original paintings. They hang in public museums that may be many miles away, or in private collections that may seldom or never be open to visitors. A century ago the only way one could study a great painting was to travel to the place where it was shown – or buy one of the few (and often poor) copies that some other artist had painted or engraved” (Alice Elizabeth Chase, 1964). The author of the book described the difficulties, which people used to face while buying the painting of the favorite authors. Many of them who were involved in art and keen on the works of different painters could not afford even just to look at the works of the famous authors. Nowadays, due to the modern techniques there is an opportunity for every person, who desires to be acquainted with the works of art to see the best collections, represented on the exhibitions and to estimate their uniqueness and preciousness. Millions of people admire the paintings written by the great artists. Classical and modern art is one of the most important sources of inspiration, taste and cultural upbringing of any person. There are definitely more than 33 world famous paintings. The amount of them is several hundred and one gallery cannot comprise all of them. On the other hand, it is possible to select the most important pictures for the world culture. Each work is accompanied by an interesting history, explaining artistic sense of its creation. The form of reflection of the reality in art is the image. Image is a unit of thought built on the principle of free associative links. The art reflects not 10 only the reality, but also creates a special world - the world of images, which is relatively independent. In accordance with the nature of art and its ways of perception (aesthetic, cognitive and ideological) artwork is evaluated in terms of beauty and truth. Any form of social consciousness, including art is connected with the reality through its functions. Knowledge of reality, the active ideological and aesthetic transformation of the material by the author, creating a work of art is only one side of it. The other side is focused on the peoples behavior, their feelings and thoughts according to the development of the society. Analyzing the importance of art in the life of the people, it is necessary to say that the opening of the gallery is a great contribution to the development of the artistic taste of the people and their general education. First of all, the art forms human feelings. Secondly, the person turns to the historical bases of the art, developing his intellect. The art promotes socialization and introduces it to the culture, determining the person to creative transformation. Despite the fact that opening of the gallery is not an easy thing, there are enough resources for getting the necessary information. Every day in this work, one meets the attributes of fine and applied art, comparing them with other artistic innovations. The gallery of art is a very profitable and successful project as people have always been interested in painting. The stream of observers of different works of art becomes larger with every year, which is the reason for the organization of projects like the one described in this paper. Works Cited Alice Elizabeth Chase. Famous Paintings. New York: Platt and Munk, 1964. Print. Read More