Parallel Statistical Computing For Statistical Inference - Assignment Example

Answers to Research Questions 1_ Randall was curious about how teachers feel about the use of iPads in his town's school system. He sends a survey out to every teacher and has a 100% return rate. He finds that 80% approve of using iPads in the classroom. Given the design of Randall's study, is it necessary for him to compute a statistic to determine if his findings are significant? The instance of a statistical analysis is not necessary. The survey tends to include the whole population that responds with perfection. The case eliminates the limitations of studying the entire population and excludes the necessity of selecting samples for a statistical analysis. 2_Oliver conducted a study and that resulted in the following data: 3 4 4 6 6 7 8 8 Compute the following statistics (10 points total) Mean (∑ f x) / ∑f 46/8= 5.75 Median (6+6) / 2 = 6 Mode 3 once, 4 –twice, 6 twice, 7 once, 8 twice, the mode is 4, 6, 8 Variance ∑ x 2 f(x) d(x) - µ2 0.975 3_George and Sue completed a math test with a standard error of measurement of 5 points. George scored 75 and Sue scored 80. What is your conclusion of both George's and Sue's perfomance on the test? According to the standard error, the value of the standard error is large since there are only two students. On the other hand, the results imply that the performance had no big difference. 4_Briefly define each of the following terms: Likert Scale, cluster sampling, standard deviation, measure of central tendency, standard score Likert scale is the application of questionnaires in a form that involves a psychometric scale that is useful in research. Cluster sampling is a manner of selection that involves the grouping of population components with similar traits and consequently applying simple random sampling in picking the samples from the groups. Standard deviation is the quantification of the particular degree of dispersion that involves a set of values of data. The measure of central tendency describes a data. The measures of tendency include the mode, the mean as well as the median. Standard score explains the number of standard deviations that emanate from an observation and are beyond the mean (Guangbao, 2012). Choose the correct answer: 5-Karen is a special education administrator. She has collected data throughout the year regarding the merits and demerits of an after-school community service program. She opines that the program is effective but she must make a solid decision about whether its outcomes justify the costs in the case of children. She collects data from the students, parents, and those who have benefited from the program. Karen is engaging in what type of research? a. Survey Descriptive Research 6- Of the following, which is generally true regarding the differences between qualitative and quantitative research? b. Qualitative research puts into involvement more participant /researcher interaction than quantitative research 7- Jillian is struggling in mathematics. Her teacher wants to administer a test to assist in a decision about whether to provide remedial math classes for Jillian. Which one of the following, which test is most likely the type of assessment to be administered for this purpose? b. A cognitive test 8-Of the following, which illustrates criterion referenced scoring? d. Jody received an 86, which was the average 9- Test scores reported as proportion correct represent what level datac9? d. ratio 10- The level of data represented by the variable "previous class experience" is a. Nominal 11- One benefit of cluster sampling is d. It assures all members of the population can be in a treatment condition 12-Pat is completing a critique of a qualitative research study. She found the study included seven teachers. Which of the following sampling strategies most likely would have been used in the study? a. Simple random 13- Charlie has written up his study on special education students' attitudes about technology. He includes a statement regarding the ethnicity of the students in his sample. This information is best classified as b. Demographic 14- Abby is conducting research on the perceived role of arts within schools. She goes to a local theatre production of West Side Story to get participants. Abby is illustrating a. Convenience sampling 15- All forms of sampling include the following steps EXCEPT b. Listing all members of the population 16- Narrative is a method employed by b. Qualitative researchers 17- Kate is interested in examining the relationship between years of gym classes taken as a child and bone health as an adult. She is concerned only with females. d. Chi Square 18- Jill is a first grade teacher. Her classroom is out of control and she needs a management strategy. Which of the following strategies illustrates inductive reasoning? a. Jill uses time out because her mother, a veteran teacher, said to use time out 19- Jerry is a history teacher interested in whether differences exist in motivation to study history between students who are taught concepts sequentially through time and those who are taught concepts by geographic region. Jerry's research topic is best described as a study that a. Tests theory 20- Which of the following is an example of a researchable topic? a. Should children who in the primary grades be allowed to walk to school? 21-In an ERIC search, the following research label described a potential source: EJ32789. Given this label, what can one conclude about the source? a. The reference is peer reviewed 22- Researchers seek approval from the IRB prior to b. Collecting research data 23- FERPA is also known as b. The Buckley amendment 24-Genna has told parents that their children's responses to a test that she is using in her research will not be reported in the research report. Genna is illustrating b. Confidentiality 25-Simon conducted a study that examined student's learning from the Internet. She had volunteer students show up at a research session, enter their university ID number, and then complete her study. In this study, students are assured of d. Neither anonymity nor confidentiality 26- Marc is a qualitative researcher who needs to interview both expert and novice teachers for a study. He expects to interview about 50 teachers. Which sampling strategy will Marc likely use? c. Criterion 27-Sara conducted a study in her sixth grade classroom. The focused on students' interests in science classes. Sara shared what individual students said about their science interests with the seventh grade teachers to help place students in next year's classes. What can one conclude about Sara's sharing of this information? c. it was unethical to share the information since the information was confidential 28-You want to make sure the math test you give your students is reliable. You are afraid they can memorize facts, so your test is all word problems. However, you now are concerned that you have damaged the validity of the test. What type of validity could have been compromised? b. Consequential 29-Split-half and odd-even reliability are both measures of a. Test-retest reliability 30-The type of validity that addresses whether the test appears to measure the variable of interest is referred to as c. Construct 31-Survey data are usually collected via all of the following EXCEPT a. Standardized tests 32-Which of the following is an example of survey research topic? d. Is there a difference in school attendance based on size? 33-Susan reported a correlation between reading ability and math grades or r = .90 in the first grade. This correlation indicates that in Susan's study a. reading ability is strongly related to math ability 34-Joyce read a study that reported students' age correlated r = -68 with classroom management referrals. This correlation indicates that as age increases b. There is a greater likelihood that classroom management referrals would decrease 35-Given a correlation of r= .60, the common variance or proportion of variance shared by the variables is b. 60% 36- Which of the following is/are NOT correlation (r) coeffiicents a. -1.1 b. 3.0 c. 95 37-Standardized test scores are often given as percentile ranks. These data are considered to be at what level of measurement? a. Nominal 38-allison wants to study the effects of alphabetic seating compared to other forms of class structure. She can find no research that addresses this topic. What would be a good suggestion for Allison? c. Expand the topic to include other types of classroom structure 39-If all participants in a given sample have an equal and independent chance of being selected for a study, it is said that the sample has been selected c. randomly References Guangbao, G. (2012). Parallel Statistical Computing For Statistical Inference. Journal of Statistical Theory and Practice 6.3 , 536-565. Read More