What Requirements Should Ideal Research Meet - Assignment Example

? Assignment One July 30, Research is normally a scientific process. The research delves into human inquiry errors. The researcher delves into both deductive and inductive research concepts. The research scrutinizes the hypothesis, ethics, and politics aspects of the research process. The best research complies with the scientific research procedures and ethics standards. Question 1. Three human inquiry errors. There are three errors in human inquiry. First, the research makes an imprecise research observation (Babbie 4). For example, the researcher observes ducks swimming in the river. The researcher makes a general conclusion that all birds prefer to swim in the water. The researcher makes an error because the researcher was instructed to observe birds. Consequently, the researcher should have complied with the research conditions. The researcher should have observed all types of birds. For example, there are different types of birds. The seagulls fly over the waters to feed on fishes trying to take in air from the water’s surface. The monkey-eating eagles are eagles that eat monkeys for food. The swallow are small birds. The chickens prefer to stay on the ground, instead of swimming on the water. The Swan is a beautiful white bird that swims effortlessly inside a body of water. The ostrich is a bird that is as big a human being. Second, the researcher makes a general conclusion based on a certain group or community (Brady 138). For example, the researcher observes a group of Eskimo residents in their Igloo homes. The researcher, an Alaska resident, makes an erroneous conclusion that human beings can freely live in an icy condition. The researcher makes general the conclusion that people are comfortable living and working in the subzero weather conditions. To correct the erroneous inquiry outcome, the researcher should have invited people to stay in Alaska, a subzero icy location. The African resident who arrives in Alaska’s subzero weather conditions will surely feel uncomfortable in the icy weather. The African resident is used to the hot 110 degree desert weather. The African resident will feel uncomfortable using the thick Eskimo dress. The same resident African resident will feel uncomfortable moving around the icy land surface using a sledge. Further, the rainforest resident would also feel uncomfortable living in the Igloos. The same rainforest would not engage in one’s favorite beach activities because the icy waters are too cold for human swimming. The rainforest citizen may not accept the sudden change of environment from the comfortable familiarity of the rains of the Amazon rainforest to the subzero weather condition. Third, the researcher makes illogical research reasoning (Schell 93). The researcher can make erroneous observation by implicating a wrong statistical procedure. For example, the total of the male count is erroneous written as 10 instead of the correct 1,000. If the true female count is 200, the wrong male count shows erroneous findings that the female respondents are more than the male respondents. Likewise, erroneous mixing up the data will generate a wrong research outcome. Consequently, the other research findings will erroneously crop up. The other research findings may include the erroneous finding that the males are erroneously better than females, in terms of making daily choices. Question 2. Inductive and deduction research. Deductive research starts from the general and finishes with the specific (Bachman 48). The researcher observes several animals. The researcher observes that eagle has wings. The researcher also sees that the ostrich has wings. The researcher kingfisher bird has wings. Lastly, the researcher sees several ducks and swans effortlessly swimming in the nearby lake. Based on the researcher’s observation of the different types of birds, the researcher makes a concept or theory that all birds have wings. On the other hand, inductive research starts with the specific and finishes with the general. The researcher makes a theory or concept (Schutt 87). For example, the researcher can make a concept or theory that all birds can fly. Next, the researcher makes a hypothesis. The research decides to implement a certain research methodology. The methodology can include submitting questionnaires to the research respondents. Another methodology is to observe the respondents in their natural environment. In the bird research, the research can observe the eagle bird types excellent sweep through the air with its strong wings. The researcher can observe the duck swim all day in the pool. The same researcher can see ostrich refuse to fly to the air. The researcher notices that the turkey has strong wings. The researcher makes a conclusion that some birds prefer not to fly. The researcher lacks the time to make more convincing tests to make a convincing conclusion that all birds fly due to lack of time or lack of research funds. Question 3. Hypothesis for a research project A research is conducted to affirm or negate the hypothesis (Maxfield 71). One null hypothesis is that male students are not more intelligent than female students. The research will include gathering the exam scores of the respondents. The research includes gathering male and female respondents. The respondents are made to take a test. The researcher observes the test process. The researcher helps in gathering the test scores. If the average score of the female respondents is higher than the average score of the male respondents, the research findings indicate the researcher should accept the null hypothesis. Another research will focus on whether the null hypothesis stating male employees do not have more extrinsic job satisfaction compared to their fellow female employees. The research submits a questionnaire to selected male and female respondents. The respondents will supply answers to the position and extrinsic job satisfaction research questionnaire. The researcher tallies the frequency of the answers to each questionnaire answer. The researcher then uses SPSS statistical tool to generate the findings. The tools include using analysis of variance tool to determine if gender influences the position and extrinsic job satisfaction outcome. The researcher can determine if there is a relationship between gender and the respondents’ position and extrinsic job satisfaction data. The researcher generates the findings. The findings will indicate whether the null hypothesis should be accepted or rejected. Question 4. Effect of Ethics and Politics on social research. Ethics and politics affect social research (Cloke 374). The compliance with ethical standards will generate a realistic research outcome. Standard research procedures require that the researcher must comply with ethical standards. Ethical standards include ensuring the confidentiality of the respondents’ profile. The researcher must not divulge the questionnaire answers of the respondents to the prying public. The respondents can sue the researcher for violating an agreement to keep the questionnaire answers, including the profile of the respondents, a secret. In addition, the respondent may not give the true answers to the questionnaire questions if the respondents’ data will be divulged to the researcher readers. Further, politics may also affect the researcher output. The government may prohibit certain researches. The government may prohibit researchers on illegal activities like drugs, the holocaust. The Chinese government may prevent the American researcher to gather data on China’s weapons of mass destruction. The Iranian government may prevent an American Christian researcher from gathering data that focuses on the Muslim religion. Question 5. Choosing of an ethical issue. The research focuses on the ethical issue of divulging the names and answers of the respondents (Caplan 52). Some respondents allow the divulging of their research answers. On the other hand, other respondents insist that their answers to the research questions remain confidential. When this happens, the researcher should not divulge the request of the respondents to hide their answers to the research process. The researcher’s violation of the confidentiality agreement will be unethical. Consequently, the hurt respondent may file a court case against the abusive researcher. The researchers’ abuse the respondents’ right to exercise confidentially in the research undertaking. On the other hand, the researchers’ release of confidential research information of the respondents who agree to the divulging of their confidential data is ethical, since the respondents approve the divulging of their confidential information. Analyzing the above information, the best research is done scientifically. The research emphasizes eliminating human inquiry errors. The research can be done using either deductive or inductive research process. Evidently, the best research incorporates the scientific research process and ethics rules. Works Cited Babbie, Earl. The Basics of Social Research. New York: Cengage Learning Press, 2010. Print. Bachman, Ronet. The Practice of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice. New York: SAGE Press, 2010. Print. Brady, Henry. Rethinking Social Inquiry: Diverse Tools, Shared Standards. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Press, 2004. Print. Caplan, Patricia. The Ethics of Anthropology. New York: Routledge Press, 2003. Print. Cloke, Paul. Practicing Human Geography. New York: Sage Press, 2004. Print. Maxfield, Michael. Basics of Research Methods for Criminal Justice and Criminology. New York: Cengage Learning Press, 2008. Print. Schell, Barbara. Clinical and Professional Reasoning in Occupational Therapy. New York: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Press, 2007. Print. Schutt, Russell. Investigating the Social World: The Process and Practice of Research. New York: Pine Forge Press, 2006. Print. Read More