International Human Rights - Literature review Example

Universal Human Rights al Affiliation Universal Human Rights Human rights refer to moral principles that are critical in setting up different levels and standards of human behavior in a society (Smith, 2013). The human rights are very crucial in several ways to the human race. The absence of such human rights in the society may likely lead to oppression, mistreatment as well as cruelty issues with relevance to human beings. The observation of such human rights is of critical importance to all people, governments as well as all legal entities. It is of crucial importance to acknowledge the fact that human rights are tools for ensuring freedom in the society. The observation of human rights may liberate, as well as prevent any occurrence of uncouth acts as pushed forth by authoritative and dictatorial leaders. It is of critical importance to note that the human rights are protected as well as observed at high standards by the international. In addition, the human rights are also protected as well as observed by local or national laws. The human rights can be viewed as both universal as well as egalitarian. Universal human rights means that such rights are applicable everywhere, and are observed at all times (Reidy and Sellers, 2005). The egalitarian human rights mean that such rights are the same everywhere as well as observed in the same similarity and equality regardless of any other external factor. It is quite imperative to note that human rights have several beneficial components tied to them. This is in regards to the issues of rights, justice, freedom as well as transparency that each and every individual should be entitled (Smith, 2013). This can be quite beneficial if such human rights exist in the form in which they are observe by all nations in the world in the same manner and applicability. In this sense, it is prudent enough to state that it is quite appropriate to have universal human rights that applies to all nations, states as well as societies in a global perspective. This should be in disregard to the issues touching on differences in race, cultures, ethnic backgrounds as well as religious affiliations. The issue of having universal human rights has been one of the debates for several decades in global perspective. The debate has majorly focused on whether it is appropriate to have universal human rights that cuts across all the nations in the world. Even though some people consider the issue of having universal human rights that applies to all the nations globally, several critics have shown some elements of discontent, displeasure as well as discomfort with the issue. This follows that such critics argue that it is inappropriate to have a universal human rights that applies to all people, all nations regardless several factors. The main points of argument focus on the fact that there are several differences in individuals with regards to their environmental surroundings, backgrounds, statuses as well as beliefs (Smith, 2013). As such, different critics have suggested that the issue of having universal human rights that cut across all nations is improper and inappropriate following the fact that people belong to different ethnic groups, different cultures, religions as well as different backgrounds. However, it is of crucial significance to note that the issue of having universal human rights in a world of different cultures is quite appropriate. The issue of having universal human rights that applies to all nations, all governments as well as all authorities around the world should be imposed (Smith, 2013). This will be so beneficial in helping the nations to realize successes in different fields in the most appropriate manner. The proposal by several critics of human rights advocating that each society should be allowed to treat its citizens in the manners in which they deem fit is not appropriate. Such a proposal is having several hitches of reality. It is a proposal that tends to pretend not to understand the human character with regards to power and positions, the power of richness and the vulnerability of the less financially fortunate. A proposal that advocates for each and every society to treat its citizens as they deem fit is a subject of individualistic decisions that may at times turn to become so oppressive to the humanity. In addition, it is of crucial significance to highlight that there are several basic human rights that should be imposed to all the nations as well as states on global basis. These basic human rights should be observed by each country regardless of the political status of such a country (Smith, 2013). In addition, each leader, ruler as well as politicians should observe such basic human rights tp. It is imperative to note that the citizens themselves, religious leaders as well as the governmental and non-governmental agencies that champion for the rights of humanity on global perspective should also champion the observation of such basic human rights. This will be quite beneficial in ensuring that all the human race, regardless of the cultural differences, religious affiliations, races, ethnic backgrounds as well as native origins are well taken care of. In addition, the observation of such basic human rights by all the stakeholders is essential in ensuring that people are not discriminated about (Smith, 2013). It is a sign for showing integrity, respect as well as dignity to the entire humanity. There are several reasons supporting the fact that it is appropriate to have universal human rights in a world of different cultures. All parties, both relevant and less relevant, should observe these universal human rights at all times and in all places. One of the reasons to support the issue of having universal human rights in a world of different cultures is the fact that universal human rights leads to equality in humanity (Smith, 2013). The issue of equality in humanity is of critical importance in the whole society on global perspective. It is of crucial significance to understand that equality in humanity means that each and every person, regardless of the background, ethnic affiliation as well as religious affiliation will have to be shown the due respect that he or she deserves. Equality in humanity is important in several reasons within the society. In a society where there is equality in humanity, the issue of conflicts, insecurity as well as criminal cases are always less frequent. This follows that each and every person will be occupied with productive issues but not non-productive, retrogressive and ill-defined characters that lead to disruption of peace within the society (Reidy and Sellers, 2005). It is of critical importance to note that the issue of having a universal human rights across all nations and states ensures that equality in humanity is observed. This will contributes greatly towards making all the individuals within any country have the feeling of acceptance within the society. This helps greatly in barring the emergence of such undisciplined and degrading thoughts that can cause disruption of peace within the society (Smith, 2013). A society whose individuals or citizens have the feeling of absolute acceptance is always a very prolific society. Such a society always experiences a very high degree of adoration by other societies who have failed to impose the same. Therefore, most individuals always aspire to ensure that they totally fit the society with regards to the expectations of such a society. In this perspective, taking the world for instance as our society, if there are universal rights imposed in our society, greater improvements will be realized. The issues of discrimination with regards to race as well as cultures will be no more. This will lead to a prolific world where each and everybody feels part and parcel. It is of critical significance to highlight that having universal human rights in the society or in the world is beneficial since it leads to adoption of high degrees of responsibility in the humanity perspective (Smith, 2013). However, in the event there are no universal human rights within the society, it is highly likely that several issues touching on insecurity will be evident. Again, a society that lacks universal human rights may have its citizens discriminated about. This kills the productivity in such individuals since they will be negatively reacting to the discriminations that may arise from such non-universal human rights. This may be quite disadvantageous to the society in general, the nation as well as the individuals who are found in that society. Therefore, this helps to underscore the fact that each and every nation on global perspective should not be allowed to treat its citizens as they deem fit. This follows that some of the nations may have several policies, rules and regulations that act to infringe the human rights (Reidy and Sellers, 2005). Again, the issue of change is a factor of consideration with regards to this proposition. It is quite critical to underscore the fact that some of the societies may have the best human rights in place. However, with time and putting several factors into consideration, the governance regimes of such countries may undergo transformation. This transformation in governance may lead to several changes experienced in such a society. One of these changes may be evident in the rights of individuals living in such a country. It is critical to note that a change in regime may either be good or bad. However, in most cases, several changes or transformations in governance always result to very severe consequences (Smith, 2013). Therefore, if such a nation whose governance regime has undergone a negative transformation would have been having non-universal human rights, the fate of the humanity in such a country or society would be at stake. This follows that most individuals may face it very rough more so when the regime is oppressive to the humanity. Several cases of deaths, insecurity as well as heightened criminal cases would be prevalent. This may lead to several severe consequences to the human beings found in such places. For instance, a governance regime may lead to issues advocating for ethnic cleansing. This may be quite detrimental, abusive to the humanity, as well as oppressive in nature. This may greatly apply to such societies that do not observe universal human rights but treat its citizens as they deem fit. The issue of ethnic cleansing may be a clear evidence of a failed regime with cultural bias, ethnic bias as well as racial discrimination. This may lead to death of several individuals that may turn tragic to the human race. These cases are harsh to the humanity in many perspectives. For instance, several cases of ethnic cleansing have always been evident in most political regimes in the African continent. A case of ethnic cleansing was once experienced in the country of Rwanda. The Rwanda genocide occurred in the year 1994 (Smith, 2013). This genocide led to loss of lives of several individuals. This happened due to the lack of universal human rights that cuts across all countries in the world. On the same note, the issue of cruelty to humanity emanating from lack of universal human rights was also evidenced in the country of Uganda, in Africa. This involved the authoritative as well as dictatorial ruler named Iddi Amin Dada. The case of Iddi Amin Dada and his form of governance in Uganda in the nineteenth century really saturated the news anchoring channels around the world (Smith, 2013). The oppression of humanity, discrimination as well as cruelty to humanity were the core factors fuelling his regime. This happened because the leaders of this nation decided disregard the issue of observing the universal human rights. This is a clear indication that it is not appropriate to allow each and every nation to treat the individuals or citizens within its society as it deems fit. Therefore, the issue of having universal human rights would that must be observed by each and every nation. This will be quite critical in ensuring that each and every individual gets the best he deserves with relevance to humanity demands as well as basic rights. There are several basic universal human rights that should be imposed by all nations and states. These rights should be for the general well being of the society as well as the state in general. One of these universal human rights that should be imposed by all nations globally is the right to life (Smith, 2013). Each and every nation should ensure that the lives of its citizens are given the first priority. As such, the nations should ensure that the individuals are protected in the highest levels possible. This should also be championed by the international agencies responsible for ensuring justice to humanity. In addition, the other basic universal human rights that should be imposed by all nations globally is the right to education. Every nation should ensure that it offers the basis education to all its citizens (Smith, 2013). This is for the general well being of the society as well as for the good of the nation. The other universal human right that each nation should observe is the right to justice and equality of law. In this perspective, no individual should be illegally disadvantaged during trial cases following inequality before the law. References Reidy, D. A., & Sellers, M. N. S. (2005). Universal human rights: Moral order in a divided world. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. Smith, R. (2013). Textbook on international human rights. S.l.: Oxford University Press. Read More