Recording Electricity Use - Assignment Example

Research Assignment Recording Electricity Use The consumption of electricity is an important and essential practice in any civilization to sustain in the world. All the countries in the world highly depend on the fuel and electricity for developing the nation in terms of business and societal improvement. Consumption of electricity makes life faster in so many ways than the earlier days. Different types of equipments, electronic gadgets, electronic items etc are invented to make life easy and sustainable. People feel comfort and live their lives in a luxurious way without giving any effort. Today this can be said that almost 80 % people in the world access electricity. The percentage of people who have access to electricity has been increasing due to the increasing number of urbanization (Thumann, 2010). So, day by day it is observed that natural resources which are used to produce electricity are facing a challenge for the increasing demand of electricity. Here a plan has been conducted on a particular person who consumes electricity by using different appliance in 7 days or a week. According to appendix 1 this can be said that a person can consume 21.795 kilo watt energy in a week by using some electronic appliances which are essential in his daily life. These appliances are refrigerator, electric oven, television, computer, electric fan, mobile phone, laptop and electric lights. This is observed that a person never use any particular appliance for same time duration every day. Therefore, there are some variations on the usage of appliances. If the person spent 3 hours by watching television during weekdays then during the weekends generally this duration of watching TV will be higher. It is observed that maximum energy is used in refrigerator, electric fan and computer. Energy used in electric fan is also more than the refrigerator. If the consumption of these appliances can be controlled then the person can minimize the total energy consumption in a week. Here, it must be said that the calculation of electric consumption is based on individual consumption and not the total consumption of family. This is assumed that electric fan, refrigerator and all the mentioned appliances are not shared by any one of his family or his roommates. Again this must be said that the consumptions should include the use of any appliance at office by that particular person. For example a person is used his own laptop for the office purpose. So, electric required for charging laptop during office hours will also be accountable for this computation. But if the person use office lights and air conditioning system then that will not be included in this computation because those are consumed by all the employees in office and not only used by a particular person (Winther, 2013). All the computations are done after considering the cycle time (time required for turning on and off by those electronic appliances) which is assumed as 50 %. ‘Standby’ Power Consumption ‘Standby’ power can be defined as such mode in which appliances and equipments are not performing their primary tasks but those are in not switched off mode. In this state power supplier supplies the power but that is not fully consumed by the electronic appliances or the circuits of those appliances are not received the power. So this can be said that this is a way through which consumption or utilization of power can be saved. ‘Standby’ power is one kind of method which can help an electronic device to switch on by taking very short time even if in few seconds. So people can get instant on facility by using this method without any delay. Works can be done in smooth and quick way when appliances are in standby power mode. For example computer and television can be used by applying this method and very less amount of electricity is consumed in this mode. People can open the computer in few seconds at their busy time for completing their work after expending very less amount of electricity. Remote control receiver is used to operate this mode. As a result when signals are sent by the remote control device then equipments are able to respond within very short of time and changing its mode from standby position to full on position. In standby position battery powered equipments can keep the full charges although the device is switched on mode. Here this can be said that the particular person spends at least 20 % of his total consumption of energy by using standby mode (Lafferty, 2009). Proposed Plan A proper plan should be developed by that particular person to reduce the power consumption for his own purpose. An accurate budget for using electricity can be helped him in this case. This budget will focus on the time which he spend to use all the electronic appliances such as refrigerator, television, electric fan etc. As per appendix 2 it can be said that the person has made the plan to use the refrigerator 2 hours less per day than the actual usage. If the person takes initiative in a conscious way that he will spend fewer hours at the time of using mentioned appliances then he can save the energy consumption in a significant way. According to the proposed plan this is clear that the person is intended to spend 15.29 kWh of total energy which is 6.505 kWh less than the actual use. So if he can follow the proposed plan then he can save 6.505 kWh of electricity per week. Again some additional steps the person also can follow to reduce the consumption of power. If, the person will purchase energy efficient electronic appliance like television and refrigerator, then these will also help to reduce the consumption of electricity. Newly launched LCD colour televisions are less power consumable product than the traditional television sets. Similarly if the person uses laptop for the purpose of his work in home and office both then it will consume less electricity than the traditional desktop computer system. The person also use the sunlight by opening all the windows of his home during day time for less utilizing lights and hence save the consumption of electricity (Goswami and Kreith, 2007). Implementation of Alternatives This can be said that if the person will use the mentioned appliances then he can reduce the amount of electricity consumption in a significant way. According to appendix 3 this is clear that the person has taken some strategies to reduce the power consumption. The person will use laptop instead of desktop which will save some power as there is no requirement for continuous power supply while he will do work in his laptop even in office also. Again he has decided that he will reduce 2 hours of electricity consumption in case of lights and refrigerator, 4 hours for electric fan, 1 hour for television on daily basis. Decrease the hours in case of usage of computer or laptop will depend on his work and so it will vary in each day but he must try to reduce it than the actual or present situation. According to the plan the person is quite successful at reducing the power consumption especially in the electric fan category. But the percentage of change or reduction is only 42.5 % which is not belonging to the expected level at least in the present crisis period. So he should take initiative to reduce the consumption at least 60 % for better and bright future of the society in case of available power supply (Liu, 2013). Resource Use and Emissions of Carbon Dioxide If the person will save the same amount of energy [i.e. 6.505 kWh] in every week then in one month he will save 26.02 kWh (6.505 * 4) and in one year 312.24 kWh (26.02 * 12) of electricity will be saved by only one person. The saving can be expressed in terms of equivalent amount of natural gas (NG). The conversion factor is 1 kWh = 0.0955 m3 NG. Total amount of natural gas will be approximate 29.82 m3 NG (312.24 kWh * 0.0955 m3 NG). Natural gas used in electrical transmission efficiency is 32.06 m3 NG [29.82 m3 NG / 0.93]. Natural gas used in efficiency of gas turbines is 99.4 m3 NG [29.82 m3 NG / 0.3] and natural gas used in energy density is 0.018 m3 NG [29.82 m3 NG * 0.000614 boe / kWh]. In case of emission of carbon dioxide the calculation is as follows. As 1 m3 NG = 1.8 kg CO2 so this can be found that total quantity of carbon dioxide is [29.82 m3 NG * 1.8 kg CO2] = 53.68 kg CO2. Conclusion Electricity is generally used for the purpose of consumption in household and business activities. As all the mentioned activities are developing in the world so consumption of electricity is also increased in a rapid speed and it can be observed that present electricity consumption in the whole world is much higher than the last decades. As per statistical record this can be said that the average household consumption of electricity in Unites States and Canada are 20 times higher than the Nigerian household and two to three times more than European household in the year 2010. Each American people uses approximate 4, 500 kWh per year only in their houses. The total household power consumption of this country is 11, 700 kWh (approximate figure) in each year. So keeping all the details in mind every people needs to control the consumption of electricity especially in the household activities. Otherwise natural resources will not be remained in sufficient quantity for further production of electricity and power in near future. References Goswami, D. and Kreith, F. (2007). Energy Management and Conservation Handbook. Florida: CRC Press. Lafferty, W. (2009). Promoting Sustainable Electricity in Europe: Challenging the Path Dependence of Dominant Energy Systems. London: Edward Elgar Publishing. Liu, Z. (2013). Electric Power and Energy in China. Beijing: John Wiley & Sons. Thumann, A. (2010). Plant Engineers and Managers Guide to Energy Conservation. Lilburn: The Fairmont Press, Inc. Winther, T. (2013). The Impact Of Electricity: Development, Desires and Dilemmas. New York: Berghahn Books. Appendix 1 Actual Use of Electricity Appliance Total Time Used (hours) Power Rating (W) Energy Used (kWh) Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7 Total Refrigerator 5 8 7 6 7 8 6 47 120 5.64 Television 4 3 2 4 5 3 5 26 70 1.82 Computer 8 9 8 8 9 8 9 59 55 3.245 Electric Fan 14 15 12 13 14 10 14 92 100 9.2 Lights 8 7 9 7 6 8 9 54 35 1.89 Total 39 42 38 38 41 37 43 278 380 21.795 Appendix 2 Proposed Plan for Using Electricity Appliance Total Time Used (hours) Power Rating (W) Energy Used (kWh) Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7 Total Refrigerator 3 6 5 4 5 6 4 33 120 3.96 Television 3 2 1 3 4 2 4 19 70 1.33 Computer (Laptop) 5 6 7 6 5 6 5 40 55 2.2 Electric Fan 10 11 8 9 10 6 10 64 100 6.4 Lights 6 5 7 5 4 6 7 40 35 1.4 Total 27 30 28 27 28 26 30 196 380 15.29 Appendix 3 Difference between actual use and proposed plan for Electricity Appliance Difference in Time used (Hours) Difference in Energy used (kWh) Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7 Total Refrigerator 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 14 1.68 Television 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 0.49 Computer (Laptop) 3 3 1 2 4 2 4 19 1.045 Electric Fan 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 28 2.8 Lights 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 14 0.49 Total 12 12 10 11 13 11 13 82 6.505 Read More