Medical Interview GA - Assignment Example

Download file to see previous pages... P. Andrew told that "the germs contaminating hospital environment affects the hospitalized patients and cause Noscomial infections. It is very critical situation, which occur due to the poor sanitary practices and management of medical and paramedical staff within the hospitals, nursing homes or clinics during therapy of the patients” (4).
ETIOLOGY: There are many types of Nosocomial infections. Some important are including Urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, Respiratory tract infections, Blood stream infections, Skin infections, gastrointestinal tract infections and Central nervous system infections (3). The common pathogenic agents of nosocomial infections include pathogenic and commensal bacteria of normal flora, Viruses of Hepatitis B and C, respiratory Synctial Virus, rotaviruses and enteroviruses , fungi and other opportunistic organisms which are Candida albicans, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptosporidium (2).
PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE: Nosocomial infections prevail widely all over the world. It is the major cause of death in hospitalized patients (2). Only in the United States, there were 2,000,000 cases of nosocomial infections has reported annually (3).
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: Nosocomial infections come from endogenous or exogenous sources. Endogenous sources include body sites inhabited by microorganisms such as naso-pharynx, Gastro-intestinal or genitor-urinary tracts. Exogenous sources include those visitors, medical personnel, equipment and the healthcare environment (1).
PROGNOSIS: In United States annual reported cases of nosocomial infections are about 2,000,000. The annual death rate among these reported cases is 20,000 patients while rest of the nosocomial infections cases found curable (3).
TREATMENT: For the symptomatic nosocomial infections, treatment of shock, hypoventilation, and other complications should be provided along with the administration of empiric broad-spectrum antimicrobial, antifungal and ...Download file to see next pagesRead More