Significance of Knowledge Sharing Capabilities in Different Organizational Environments - Annotated Bibliography Example

Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: SIGNIFICANCE OF KNOWLEDGE SHARING CAPABILITIES IN DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS Annotated bibliography: Significance Of Knowledge Sharing Capabilities in Different Organizational Environments [Writer’s name] [Institution’s name] Annotated bibliography: Significance Of Knowledge Sharing Capabilities in Different Organizational Environments Introduction Knowledge sharing capabilities is something extremely important for organizations as without this their employees cannot further develop their skills. Shared knowledge is something which helps increase the value of the organizations as well as their employees. Due to this much research has been done on this topic. This is annotated bibliography which consists of 5 articles regarding significance of knowledge sharing capabilities in different organizational environments. The first article is of Jennifer Rowley in which she discuses what knowledge management and sharing is. The second article is a research carried out by Islam, Md. Zahidul; Ahmad, Zainal Ariffin; Mahtab, Hanif in which they study the mediating effects of socialization on organizational contexts and knowledge. The third article is a research paper written by Daniel Geiger in which he discusses the role of argument and narration in knowledge sharing. The fourth article is written by Gagné in which she discusses a model of knowledge sharing motivation. The fifth article is a research carried out by Brauner, Elisabeth; Becker, Albrecht in which they discuss the management of transactive knowledge systems. Annotated Bibliography Article 1 Title and reference of article Jennifer Rowley (1999). What is knowledge management? Library Management, Vol. 20 Iss: 8, pp.416 - 420 Type of article Research article- Aim/purpose of article The study aims to investigate the demonstrations of the consequences of the adoption of knowledge management and knowledge sharing as a company wide concept or implementation sample, location, method of data collection and analysis [methodology] The method used in this article is a secondary research method. The author has used literature from the authors as well as her own this method is extremely appropriate fro this topic as its based on a general point of view.. Such an article requires mostly arguments given by the authors from support rather then primary data. Findings The knowledge-based society has arrived, and that, those organizations that have been succeeded in the global information society are those that had identified, valued, created and evolved their knowledge assets. She argues that knowledge has become the main competitive tool for many businesses. Significance of article in relation to: other articles, your topic OR prior research This article points out sharing of knowledge management is extremely important in organizations it gives an opportunity for the organization to effectively function in the current global market. Limitations of article, e.g. location, industry, focus The article only analyses how knowledge sharing works generally in an organization it does not study different factors. Strength/s of article It appropriately describes how globalization and the emerging knowledge economy are forces which necessitate a revolution that is leading organizations to look for new ways to reinvent and reposition themselves. I agree with her argument that Management in a holistic manner throughout the organization. A common feature is "added value" through categorization and pruning. Weakness/es of article The fact that she has used a lot of confused arguments lessen the credibility of the article however, her arguments seem to wonder of in different direction. Article 2 Title and reference of article Islam, Md. Zahidul; Ahmad, Zainal Ariffin; Mahtab, Hanif (2010). The Mediating Effects of Socialization on Organizational Contexts and Knowledge Journal of Knowledge Globalization, Vol. 3 Issue 1, p31-48, 18p Type of article Research article- Aim/purpose of article This study investigates the relationship between socialization, organizational contexts, and knowledge sharing. Organizational contexts were operationalized as organizational structure and climate. sample, location, method of data collection and analysis [methodology] The method in this article is a primary research method as the authors are using data taken from organization for research. They have further selected three variables for their research. The independent variables that have been identified for this study are structure and climate. The organization climate is seen from the dimensions of supportive climate and innovative climate because it is important for both organizational socialization and knowledge sharing. Furthermore, this study includes organizational socialization as a mediating variable, between organizational contexts and knowledge sharing. The sample used was all organizations in the service industry in Malaysia. The unit of analysis is the service organizations. The respondents are from management personnel such as the top level of management, the middle level of management and the lower level of management and the MIS managers or the chief information officers who are the Key decision-makers with regards to sharing of knowledge in the organization. Findings The findings related to direct effects reveal that only supportive climate is positively related to organizational socialization. The results suggest that organizational socialization is important for knowledge sharing. The service organizations in Malaysia may use these findings to improve knowledge sharing in Malaysia. Significance of article in relation to: other articles, your topic OR prior research This article points out how socialization plays an important role in knowledge sharing. It also promotes supportive climate in organizations. Limitations of article, e.g. location, industry, focus The authors only selected one country. Every country has a different culture and thus socialization will effect it’s organizations in a different manner. Strength/s of article The strength on the entire article is based on the fact that his main emphasis of this research is to bridge the gap in literature to explain how organizational design encourages knowledge sharing in service organizations. In this study the authors believe that knowledge sharing occur through the socialization process. The authors have even appropriately selected the social exchange theory is an appropriate underlying theoretical framework for this research, as it explains the knowledge sharing process for the organization through the socialization process. Weakness/es of article Weakness is that they selected a country in which such research is not at all common and the data could be considered invalid. Article 3 Title and reference of article Daniel Geiger (2010). The Role of Argument and Narration in Knowledge Sharing: Coping with Context, Validity, and Coherence. SBR vol. 62, issue 3, pages 291-316 Type of article Research article Aim/purpose of article This study analyses The Role of Argument and Narration in Knowledge Sharing sample, location, method of data collection and analysis [methodology] The author has used a qualitative research method in this article. His selected method was a good one, as he carried out his research for 6 months on cap management’s staff management. They set up an emailing system linked to their internet site. Employees could send a request for help they needed to other employees via email. . in this way knowledge sharing was being practiced I agree with the method which the author selected, as such a research needs an approach which is based on a theory refinement data analysis Findings Different from prior findings the author focused entirely on the narrative method of knowledge sharing, thus the author came up with results that knowledge sharing in organizations can not only be based on a narrative method relies on both argumentative and narrative modes simultaneously. Significance of article in relation to: other articles, your topic OR prior research This article points out how narrative and argumentative method plays an important role in knowledge sharing in an organization. Limitations of article, e.g. location, industry, focus The method should have also included non-face-to-face interaction face-to-face conversations as this could give a better understanding of the entire process. As face to face interaction even includes social pressure which could change the entire result of the study. Strength/s of article The strength of the article lies in the manner he described narratives are described by writer from that their own specific point of view, an only for a certain an audience. Thus, here I completely agree with the author that a narrative is not a reliable source of knowledge sharing. The author referenced to Brown (2006) point of view that it is a product of human construction, this argument according to me supports the argument quite strongly. As it is continuously interpreted in different ways while delivering it to the audience (Lyotard 1991). Strength lies in the manner The author described argumentation as an extremely specific, non-everyday method of communication. According to me even this argument of the author is quite valid that argumentation is more important in the field of organizational analysis then narrative is. Weakness/es of article Weakness the article lie in the fact that argument which the author has used extremely vague arguments to support own argument. They are not all explained in-depth. Article 4 Title and reference of article Gagné, M. (2009). A model of knowledge sharing motivation. Human Resource Management, 48, 571-589. Type of article Research article Aim/purpose of article This article is based on the current model of knowledge-sharing. The author has taken motivation under consideration sample, location, method of data collection and analysis [methodology] The method used in this article is secondary research method. The author has taken literature from various sources, she has used various author’s arguments to support her won point of view. Along with it she has based the study on 11 hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: Need satisfaction will be positively related to autonomous motivation to share Knowledge, Hypothesis 2: Autonomous motivation will be positively related to intention to share. Hypothesis 3: Autonomous motivation will be positively related to having positive attitudes toward knowledge sharing. Hypothesis 4: Autonomous motivation will moderate the relationship between intention and behavior. Hypothesis 5: Attitudes toward knowledge sharing will be positively related to intention to share. Hypothesis 6: Sharing norms will be positively related to intention to share. Hypothesis 7: Sharing norms will moderate the relationship of need satisfaction and autonomous motivation. Hypothesis 8a: Staffing decisions that take into account the fit of the incumbents’ values to the organizational values will be positively related to selecting incumbents who have positive sharing attitudes. Hypothesis 8b: Staffing decisions that take into account the fit of the incumbents’ values to the organizational values will moderate the effect of the HRM practices on need satisfaction, so that the better the fit, the greater the relationship between HRM practices and need satisfaction. Hypothesis 8c: Staffing decisions that take into account the fit of the incumbents’ values to the organizational values will moderate the effect of HRM practices on developing sharing norms, so that the greater the fit, the greater the relationship between HRM practices and sharing norms. Hypothesis 9a: Motivating job design will be positively related to need satisfaction. Hypothesis 9b: Motivating job design will be positively related to developing sharing behavior. Hypothesis 10a: Performance appraisal systems that focus on employee development as opposed to employee evaluation will be positively related to need satisfaction. Hypothesis 10b: Performance appraisal systems that include knowledge sharing as one performance criterion will be positively related to sharing norms. Hypothesis 10c: Certain characteristics of compensation systems will be positively related to need satisfaction. Hypothesis 10d: Certain characteristics of compensation systems will be positively related to sharing norms. Hypothesis 11a: Motivating managerial styles will be positively related to need satisfaction. Hypothesis 11b: Managers who promote knowledge Sharing among their subordinates will enhance organizational norms about sharing. Findings Theory of planned behaviour and self-determination theory both have a positive effect on motivation which in turn gives direction to knowledge sharing. Significance of article in relation to: other articles, your topic OR prior research This article points out how Theory of planned behaviour and self-determination theory can have an effect on knowledge sharing. Limitations of article, e.g. location, industry, focus The limitation of the article lie in the fact that it only applies the theories to motivation Strength/s of article The most interesting part of the article is that it also includes recommendations for constricting 5 essential human resource management practices, as well as recruitment, job design, performance and reward structure. I feel that all the suggested methods are quite correct and may help to improve the HRM system. The author while using the above mentioned theories takes the supports Ajzen (1991) arguments on theory of planned behaviour and argument give by Deci & Ryan (2000) on self-determination theory. I agree with both theorists as they given an in-depth analysis of the theories and how they are relevant to knowledge sharing, Weakness/es of article Apart from this author should have used a primary research method with raw data as she had used 11 hypotheses it would have given her a more valid result. She also mentioned Gagné & Deci (2005) argument that Autonomous motivation yield better performance and behavior results then controlled motivation. Apart from this she has also mentioned controlled motivation in such a study she should have mentioned motivation in general. Article 5 Title and reference of article Brauner, Elisabeth; Becker, Albrecht. (2006). Beyond knowledge sharing: the management of transactive knowledge systems. Knowledge & Process Management, , Vol. 13 Issue 1, p62-71, Type of article Research article Aim/purpose of article This article is based an analysis of transactive knowledge systems sample, location, method of data collection and analysis [methodology] The method used in this article is a secondary research method. The author has taken literature from various sources, they have used various author’s arguments to support her won point of view. Findings The main point for organizational knowledge practice may be seen in pointing to the importance of actors, their knowledge and knowledgeability and in arguing that knowledge management is a social rather than a technical process. Significance of article in relation to: other articles, your topic OR prior research Their arguments are quite valid as they based on a psychological model of personal knowledge and transactive knowledge systems. Both of these concepts are based on the social integration of individual knowledge. Thus, making them extremely strong points in the support the author’s arguments. Limitations of article, e.g. location, industry, focus The limitation of the study lays in the fact that it only uses on theory and focuses on one concept, it hardly touches concepts like social theories. Strength/s of article What I found most interesting in the article was the way the authors described that social relationships among people in different situations are interdependent on the emotions, cognation and behaviour of each other. And knowledge sharing amongst people becomes a part cognation. The strength also lies where the authors define knowledge as apart of an individual’s memory. Human resource management can play an important part in it. They use per Hatch and Dyer (2004) to support their argument Weakness/es of article However I found one flaw in the article was that it seemed to flow from one direction to the other. It only interconnected one concept without clearly relating it to the literature which it was being related to. References Jennifer Rowley, (1999) What is knowledge management? Library Management, Vol. 20 Iss: 8, pp.416 - 420 Islam, Md. Zahidul; Ahmad, Zainal Ariffin; Mahtab, Hanif (2010). The Mediating Effects of Socialization on Organizational Contexts and Knowledge. Journal of Knowledge Globalization, Vol. 3 Issue 1, p31-48, 18p Daniel Geiger (2010). The Role of Argument and Narration in Knowledge Sharing: Coping with Context, Validity, and Coherence. SBR vol. 62, issue 3, pages 291-316 Brown, Andrew D (2006). A Narrative Approach to Collective Identities. Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 43, Issue 4, pp. 731-753 Lyotard, F. Jean (1991). The postmodern condition: a report on knowledge. Minneapolis, Minn.:University of Minnesota Press Brauner, Elisabeth; Becker, Albrecht.(2006). Beyond knowledge sharing: the management of transactive knowledge systems. Knowledge & Process Management, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p62-71 Gagné, M., & Deci, E. L. (2005). Self-determination theory as a new framework for understanding organizational behaviour. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 331-362 Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 2179-11 Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68-78. Hatch, N.W. & Dyer, J.H. (2004). Human capital and learning as a source of sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, vol. 25, pp. 1155-1178 Read More