Impacts of Tourism Development in Italy - Literature review Example

Impacts of Tourism Development in Italy Report Name Institution Affiliation Date Introduction Italy is an east European nation boasting of a great Mediterranean coast line, possessing the majority of the central and south coastline. The country has great beaches which are attractive to tourist all over the globe, specifically during the summer season. Italy has major tourist attraction sites, with the country’s major cities recently and anciently becoming the major towering tourist attraction paces. The country’s capital, Rome is one of the leading tourist cities, with Florence, Milan and other major cities in the country enjoying tourist greatness over other countries. Tourism is one of the key drivers of the country’s economy. Tourism is a potential sector in Italy, with many economic outbursts resulting from the tourism sector. Tourism in Italy has. However, some negate impacts on the country economy as well as many positive effects on the economy, social and culture of this Mediterranean country (Bingjie, 2013). This paper, therefore, addresses the report on the tourism effects, both positive and negative that are facing Italy as a country as well as the recommendations which can be put in place to make tourism in Italy sustainable positive economy growing sector. Background Information According to Cavic and Cristina (2011), the II Bel Paese, as referred by many is the Italian beautiful country’s scenes, is distinctly used to define well Italy. Italy is considered by many a gifted country, with most of its natural resource endowment making it one of the most attractive tourist destination in the world. The country has a mild climate, even if it lies in the northern hemisphere in the world, the country is partially near the equator compared to many other European countries (Cavic & Cristin, (2011). This effect makes the climate of the country most favourably to tourists in the entire European continent. As Cavic and Cristina (2011) asserts, the status among many visiting tourists in the country is normally bestowed by positive compliments, with many of these tourists preferring the three main Italy cities, Rome, Venice and Florence. The country is boasting greatness in tourism activities not only among the rest of the European countries but also among other key world competitors. The tourists in the II Bel Paese majorly arrive and admire the great works of the Michelangelo and Da (Cavic & Cristina, 2011). These two form part of the top tourist attraction sites in Italy. Abel et, all (2013) assert that tourists use the II Bel Paese, the beautiful country to mainly define Italy. Italy is a gifted country, with its immense natural environment, an attractive climate as well as a prominent cultural heritage. The climate favours the rest of the European visitors, who prefer the warmer climate from their higher tropics countries which are mainly cold. The cultural heritage of the Italy has an ancestral origin, with the country being the home of the ancient Roman Empire. The culture mostly attracts historians as well as other tourist aspiring to learn more about the Italian culture (Abel et, all, 2013). Then natural environment similarly attracts adventurous tourists, who seek to learn more new place by exploring more natural environments. As Abel et, all (2013) assert, among the top Italian tourist attraction places, Venice city, is the top historical centre. The city absorbs over 353 tourists per a resident, given that the city gives a less space due to the rising number of residents in the city. Among the many visitors to the city, most of the day tourists are excursionists and participants simply taking a look at the canals and the thin roads. Other art cities such as Rome present similar attributes in Italian tourism. The city welcomes about twelve million tourists a year (Abel et, all, 2013). The city has the highest tourist growing rate in Italy, posing a danger of quality degradation and stress to the residents. According to Andrew and Heather (2011), the city of Rome is the world-leading tourism destination. The city is famous and best attraction site for its good reasons, a good vibrant with life, with the main city streets filled with coffee and pizza with chatters of people in the city. There is a rising number of tourists in the city, making the residents scramble for some of the city residents with the tourists. The impacts of the tourism in Italy range from economically and positively significant to negatively alarming to the entire nation and the residents. Problem Statement Andrew and Heather (2011) assert that tourism sector is one of the main growers of the Italian economies. The industry has overages been positively contributing to the wellbeing of the country’s economic growth. This has been triggered by the increasing number of tourist’s year in and year out to the country’s main cities, the capital Rome, Venice and Florence. However, the increasing number of tourists in Italy has negatively impacted on the lifestyles and the wellbeing of the Italians. In recent past, the sector outburst has seen many tourist floods the streets of the country’s main cities. This effect id referred by many scholars as a threatening effect to the Italy as a nation (Andrew & Heather, 2011). However, the common citizens are losing their position in the country’s main cities owing to the tourists. The issue of increasing number of tourists in Italy has negatively impacted on both the country’s affairs as well as the wellbeing of the country citizens. The significance of the study. As Andrew and Heather (2011) assert, this study was carried out on the Italian most densely populated tourist destination, the Florence, Rome and Venice. These cities are the most hit by the deteriorating as well as the positive impacts of the tourism activities in the county. The sector has grown overages and has impacted into many effects in the country, the significance of conducting this study is to determine the effects, both positive and negative that the tourism sector has brought to the country as a whole. An assessment of these effects was one on the basis of the common Italian citizen’s considerations on how the tourism sector affects their wellbeing as well as the country’s administration on how the sector has similarly impacted omit operations, similarly to the private sector (Andrew & Heather, 2011). An understanding of the effect of the tourism sector in Italy will be helpful in implementing some of the country’s main policies as well as the regulations to limit the negative effects while maximising on the positive factors. Justification of the study. Some of the impacts of the tourism sector in Italy have been addressed as positive while others are negatively impacting on the lives of the Italians. Among the positive impacts, there is an immense economic boom in ital., majorly brought about by the growing tourism industry. Tourists visit Italy for adventure while paying for some of the services they receive in the country, the sector, therefore, generates a higher amount of revenues to the country, hence positively driving the Italian economy towards a higher level (Andrew & Heather, 2011). According to Brent et, al (2012), on culture, the tourism sector has both positively and negatively impacted on the cultural, social network of Italy. Many tourists tour the country. Hence, there is a mix up of cultures, and both foreign and local cultures tend to mix hence deteriorating the local culture. Anciently, Italy possessed one of the best and widely diverse cultures in the world. However, overages, the culture has seen a lot of manipulation by some of the foreigners who tour the country, such as the Americans, and other European nationalities. Brent et, al (2012) assert that this effect has made the Italian culture degrade. Alternatively, a culture mix positively helps the local culture grow while strengthening some of its weakest points. Tourist touring the country have helped change positively the culture of the main empires in the country, especially the Roman Empire. However, even though the culture impacts are more manipulated. Many scholars argue that there is no need of culture change. Hence, the country needs to restore its ancient culture, by discouraging tourists in the country, who temper with the country’s culture (Brent et, al, 2012). Limitations of this report This research is only limited to residents as well as the tourists touring the top Italian tourist attraction cities, the capital Rome, Venice, Florence and some part of Milan city. The respondents of the report project were are over 18 years of age, those who could make rational decisions. Children and under ages were nor accepted to take part in the study. However, parental consent was required for any respondent who was under the age of 18 years. The study was additionally limited to those residents and tourists who were willing to be involved in the research. No resident or a tourist of the three cities was forced or manipulated in any way so as to give information concerning this study (John & Andrew, 2011). Those giving out information did so freely and voluntarily willing to offer the required help. Literature review As Maria and Luke (2011) asserts that the gastronomical delights measure miles upon the glorious Mediterranean beaches in Italy, which lies the home to the towering city of Rome. Italy is among the leading top mist world leading destinations. Tens of millions of people around the world tour the nation in search of adventure. Besides the economic boom of the country, accompanied by many social-cultural factors, the effects of tourism in Italy are more negative sided (Maria & Luke, 2011). The many negative effects seen in the Italian socio-cultural setting are resulting from the tourism sector. As Maria and Luke (2011) asserts, positively, the tourism sector is one of the top contributors to the country economy, with the country recording over $40 billion a year, in accordance to the Italian central bank. This is an immense figure of economic outburst resulting to the high influx of tourists in Italy. The Italia Nationals are on the other side been the top losers of the tourism sector, with the society accepting the tourists while in great extend neglecting the foreigners. Italy top most economy is driving sectors to form the basis why the country well performs economically, and so is the tourist industry (Maria & Luke, 2011). Tourism is a key industry in any country in the world, but in Italy it’s more than a normal sector, but a crucial industry significant to the economic growth of the country. According to Paul et, all (2013), tourism impacts in Italy are not only to the positive side but also negatively skewed. The negative effects of the tourist visiting the country are more than the positive impacts it brings in the country. The tourist has multiple damaging results to the country. Among the negative impacts addressed in the country’s statistics is overcrowding. Tourism brings about an outburst of many people in the streets if every day Rome. This effect has made the normal functioning of the city a problem. Many residents of Rome are failing to accomplish their daily mandate owing to the many people in the streets. This effect has as well associated the problem with the traffic jams found in the Rome City (Paul et, all, 2013). Many vehicles, personal cars are witnessed in the Rome roads, streets and avenues, resulting in heavy vehicle traffic. Methodology The Italian tourism effects report used several methods of data collection. These methods involved both the qualitative as well as the quantitative method of data collection. The study featured both primary as well as the secondary methods of data collection. These methods of data collection helped avail the relevant information to be used in the report, which helped analyse the underlying issued of Italian tourism sector (Nathan, 2011). In the qualitative method, the research project will use the flowing methods of data collection the observation method, the interviews and lastly the surveys. In primary sources of data collection, the report used three main methods, the questionnaires, interview method and the observation method. The questionnaire included some structurally drafted questions to the residents of the main tourist destination cities. These questions were answered by the residents in the form of ticking while giving them the freedom of expressing their opinions on the matter. The respondents were sampled in Rome, Venice and Florence (McLaren, 2016). The interview methods similarly involved several respondents randomly selected from both the residents of these cities as well as the administrative bodies in the cities. The interviews were done in a high degree of privacy tom protect the views of different respondents. On the last primary method, the observation method was used to look at the main utterances of the state of the cities. These three methods gave the report the first-hand information required. On secondary method, there was only one main method used, which included the recent journal; mas well as website blogs on the effects of tourism in Italy (McLaren, 2016). Similarly, these gave the official effects of tourism in the country, as posted by the Italian government officials. Findings As Mignone (2008) asserts, this report identifies some of the positive as well as negative effects of tourism in Italy, the positive impacts are well for the growth of the country while the negative impacts are threatening to the progress of Italy as a country. However, the negative effects of tourism are the major causes of concern, by the findings of this study. Nevertheless, the reported study found the following negative effects of tourism in Italy; i. Tourism and crowding. This report identifies overcrowding in some of the main negative effects of tourism activities in Italy. Italian tourism is in the cities, unlike other places in the world, where tourism activities occur in the rural or the outskirts of the major cities (Mignone, 2008). The country main cities, Venice, Rome and Florence are the most crowds as per the findings. ii. Tourism and crime. Recently, in the European Union, there have been links to terrorist attacks from the top terrorist groups in the world. Some of the countries have experienced some of these attacks in Europe, such as the football stadium shooting in France as well as the airport blast in Brussels, Belgium (Mignone, 2008). Italy is potentially an easy target of crimes owing to the fact of its large tourist numbers absorption. iii. Loss of the Italian authentic culture. Italy boasts of its deep-rooted culture, which makes the country gain its identity. However, the tourist activities are slowly changing the culture due to the influx of many cultures. iv. Environmental effects of tourism. Tourists visiting the country in make the environment of the cities unclean, mostly by overcrowding social places, such as entertainment zones. This effect marks the low ratio of public utilities to the human population, resulting to misuse of some of the environmental standards, such as littering and sewage fill outs (Mignone, 2008). According to Reddy and Wilkes (2015), these are the positive impacts the tourism sector in Italy has witnessed; a. Job creation for the unemployed Italians. The tourism sector has over years provided jobs for the low percentage employment to the Italians. This has helped the government solve the unemployment issues. b. Income generation for the three major cities. Tourism activities have helped improve the amount of income generated in Rome, Venice, Florence as well as other Italian cities having tourist activities. In Rome, the capital city alone has hosted over 12 million tourists a year, with the number contributing to higher revenues in the city. c. Tourism increases demand of the Italian-made products, as well as foods (Reddy & Wilkes, 2015). Tourists visiting the Italian fashion city – Milan, help find a market for the Italian industry products. Most of them similarly come as business persons, giving these companies a boost of the market. The hospitality sector in Italy has been influenced positively by the tourists, as they have a higher affinity for the Italian dishes (Reddy & Wilkes, 2015). d. There is an economic boost for the country. Tourism is a grown industry in Italy, immensely contributing positively to the growth of Italy’s economy. The country makes over $4 billion a year from tourism and much, or unaccounted figures on other tourism-related activities. Discussion According to Hudson (2013), tourism in Italy is evidently turning out to be a great concern to the country. The industry has overages grown to Avast levels thanks to the Italian attractive cities, the capital Rome- which alone absorbs over 12 million tourists a year. The Venice city, Florence city as well as partially the Italian fashion city, Milan. Tourism in Italy has impacted positively on the wellbeing of the Italians, as well as the government revenue collection sector. However, the sector has of late been associated with some negative attributes (Hudson, 2013). The industry is increasingly damaging its good reputation in Italy, with many negative consequences for the sector being witnessed in the country. As Hudson (2013), asserts, among the negative effects, the overcrowding in Florence city in becoming alarming to the daily operations of the city as well as the city residents. The tourist has packed residence in the securities, highly discouraging any form of resident’s mobility. On the crime related activities of tourism, the sector highly encourages related criminal activities from the foreigners visiting the country as tourists. The industry favours the growth of drugs as well as the human trafficking in Italy. Similarly, terrorist activities and theft are highly increasing with the issue of tourist increase in the Italian cities (Hudson, 2013). Other negative effects impacting on this country is the degradation of the country’s culture, with the mix up of many foreign cultures as well as the negative impacts on the Italian environment, resulting in overcrowding in public places. As Hudman and Jackson (2003) chronicle, on the positive effects, the tourism sector in Italy has majorly impacted in the improvement of the country’s economy indicates. The sector has helped improve the Italian economic growth rate, with over $4 billion worth of revenues going to the government Sn many other amounts to the probate sector. Similarly, the sector helps improve the employment status of Italy. Many youths are employed in the tourism sector helping lower these percentage of the Italians (Hudman and Jackson (2003). Tourism economically has impacted on the positive wellbeing of the Italian economy. Conclusion and Recommendations. Tourism in Italy has both negative as well positive effects. Among the negative effects the sector has contributed to the country are; overcrowding in public places, degradation of the Italian culture, the rise of related criminal activities as well as the environmental negative impacts. The positive effects of tourism in Italy are allied to the economic improvement of the country, such as the increased economic growth rate as well as job opportunities for the unemployed Italians. However, the following are some of the key recommendation on tourism sector in Italy; i. Investing more on the security apparatus for conduction thorough security searches to all the touring visitors in the country, so as to ensure the visitors are harmless to the residents. ii. To limit the number of touring visitors by increasing the charges of entering the tourist attraction sites or lengthening/ charging for the application of Italian visas. iii. Improve transparency in the tourism sector revenue allocating, so as for the government to collect more revenues from the sector. iv. Improve service delivery in some social amenities that the tourist re residing so as to reduce negative environmental impacts. v. Discouraging foreign cultures in the country, especially a mix up with the ancient Italian cultures, whole securing the major cultural sites from external exploitation. References Abel, A., Alessandro, B., Michelle, O. and Vlad, A. (2013). Tourism planning and development, the implications for the Further Development of Wine Tourism, Hospitality, and the Wine Sector. Joondalup, Italy. Andrew, L. and Heather, G. (2011) Reimaging a nation: South Africa and the 2010 FIFA World Cup, Journal of Sport & Tourism, 16:3, 211-230, DOI: 10.1080/14775085.2011.635007 Bingjie, L., William, C., and Lori, G., (2013). Tourism, Culture & Communication, Vol. 13, pp. 5–18 http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/109830413X13769180530567, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA Brent, R., Richard, P. and Monica, C. (2012). The role of the media in influencing residents’ support for the 2012 Olympic Games. The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. Cavic, A. and Cristina, S. (2011). Tourism Review International, Vol. 15, Brunellopoli: a wine scandal under the Tuscan sun. University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy. Hudman, L. & Jackson, R. (2013). Geography of travel & tourism. Clifton Park, New York. Hudson, S. (2013). Sport and adventure tourism. New York: Haworth Hospitality Press John, H. and Andrew, L. (2011) Golf, Tourism and the 2010 Ryder Cup: (De) constructing Images of Wales, Journal of Sport & Tourism, 16:1, 55-73, DOI: 10.1080/14775085.2011.568093 Maria, B. and Luke, P. (2011). European journal of tourism research, Assessing destination images of an Olympic host city using social media. University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada McLaren, B. (2016). Architecture and tourism in Italian colonial Libya: an ambivalent modernism. Seattle: University of Washington Press. Mignone, M. (2008). Italy today: facing the challenges of the new millennium. New York Nathan, Y. (2011). Italy review of issues and policies. Paris: OECD. Paul, S., Frost, W., Kim, W. And Jennifer, L. (2013). Tourism, Culture & Communication, the Acceptance or Rejection of Social Media: A Case Study of Richford Winery Estate in Victoria, Australia Vol. 13, Pp. 19–27. La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia. Reddy, M. & Wilkes, K. (2015). Tourism in the green economy. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.ork: Peter Lang. Read More