Aircraft Performance - Report Example

This report was aimed at proving recommendation of which aircraft between B737-700 series Winglets and A320-214 sharklets variant should be leased. The recommendations were to be supported by low cost carrier/operator of the two aircrafts between Istanbul Turkey and MAN airport in UK. The operator is based in Turkey and is willing to start business in June 2013. The report focused aircraft performance by looking at how they can operate at the maximum allowable weight. Other official data were also used in making a recommendations to ensure that the operator gains optimal profits. There were several takes that were to undertaken in the process of meeting the assignment requirements and instructions. The first task was carried out in excel where an excel file will be attached to the electronic copy of the assignment. Others tasks are in this report together with the recommendation. Task 2 The distance from Istanbul to MAN airport is 1801.45 NM. Aircraft type performance estimates for 737-700 takeoff distances, 6,698 ft Landing distances, 4,448 ft Take-off speed at MTOW: V1 135-140kts at flap2/3 (V1 is the go or no-go decision speed) VR 145kts (VR is the rotation speed i.e. lift-off speed) Cruise speed: Max. Cruise speed 470-480 KTAS at cruise altitude 30,000 - 35,000ft depending on weight Long Range Cruise speed 435 - 450 KTAS Cruise Altitude 30,000 - 35,000ft depending on weight. Typical Cruise Speed is 0.78 - 0.84 Mach at FL300 - FL350 Descend/approach speeds, Approach speed at MLW: 180 kts Flap2 (Kyb 2) to full flap/gear down at Vat 135 - 140 kts Vat = 1.30 Vso (Vso is stall speed at full flap/gear down) where vat is the landing speed at runway threshold Flap/Gear down Rate Of Climb (ROC) Below 10,000ft max. 4000 fpm at 250kts Above 10,000ft to Cruise Flight Level FL 2200fpm from 10,000 - 20,000ft at 280 - 360kts 1800 - 1500fpm from 20,000 - 26,000ft 1400 - 500fpm from 26,000 - 35,000 ft depending on weight. Rate Of Descent (ROD) From Cruise FL to 10,000ft hold 0.79 Mach until 290 kts, reduce thrust for 2500 fpm Below 10,000ft rate of descent varies with ATC requirements, but is between 800 - 3000fpm In normal conditions 250kts idle descent, then slow & configure speed so as to not add power until on Glide Slope Glide Slope descend is between 1500 - 500fpm depending on your situation At Runway Threshold descend between 400 - 200fpm for a smooth touchdown landing Maximum Take-off Weight ( MTOW) 153,027 lb The estimated total trip distance in nautical miles between the two airports is 1670 NM. And it is estimated that total flight time will be 4 hours and 45 minutes fuel remaining assuming max payload on take-off and 400lbs used for taxiing will be 2350kg. The charts below show data of both flights ar take-off A320-214 ALL WEIGHTS IN KILOGRAMS ......... .......... FROM/TO FLIGHT A/C REG A/C TYPE CONFIG LTBX/EGCC 3 KJS782 A320-214/CFM56-5B4 Y180 WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION LOAD IN COMPARTMENTS 6977 1/2516 3/1677 4/1677 5/1107 PASSENGER/CABIN BAG 6923 AD/77 C/13 I/6 TTL 90+6 TOTAL PAYLOAD 13900 LAST MINUTE CHANGES DRY OPERATING WEIGHT 42599 DEST SPEC CL/CPT +/- WEIGHT ZERO FUEL WEIGHT ACTUAL 56499 MAX 61000 L TAKE OFF FUEL 12400 TAKE OFF WEIGHT ACTUAL 68899 MAX 76931 TRIP FUEL 9460 LANDING WEIGHT ACTUAL 59439 MAX 64500 TAXI OUT FUEL 115 UNDERLOAD BEFORE L.M.C. 4501 LIMITED BY ZFW LMC TOTAL + / - BALANCING/TRIM CONDITIONS MACZFW 34.21% MACTOW 31.16% STAB TRIM: 0.6 DN MACLDW 34.89% MAC LIMITS ZFW FWD 16.74% AFT 42.00% TOW FWD 17.00% AFT 42.00% LDW FWD 16.86% AFT 43.00% TRIM BY CABIN AREA A30.B30.C30 CAPTAINS INFORMATION/NOTES STD WEIGHTS USED ADULT/84 CHILD/35 INFANT/0 BLOCK FUEL/ 12515 ( 15498 LITER) LANDG FUEL/ 2940 ( 3641 LITER) TAXI TIME 10 MIN B737-700 L O A D S H E E T ISSUED BY APPROVED DATE TIME 24 APR 2013 1445 ALL WEIGHTS IN KILOGRAMS ......... .......... FROM/TO FLIGHT A/C REG A/C TYPE CONFIG LTBX/EGCC 3 DFR987 B737-700/CFM56-7B22 Y126 WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION LOAD IN COMPARTMENTS 5099 1/2550 2/2549 PASSENGER/CABIN BAG 8246 AD/94 C/10 I/8 TTL 104+8 TOTAL PAYLOAD 13345 LAST MINUTE CHANGES DRY OPERATING WEIGHT 37848 DEST SPEC CL/CPT +/- WEIGHT ZERO FUEL WEIGHT ACTUAL 51193 MAX 54658 L TAKE OFF FUEL 11600 TAKE OFF WEIGHT ACTUAL 62793 MAX 69626 TRIP FUEL 9890 LANDING WEIGHT ACTUAL 52903 MAX 58481 TAXI OUT FUEL 115 UNDERLOAD BEFORE L.M.C. 3465 LIMITED BY ZFW LMC TOTAL + / - BALANCING/TRIM CONDITIONS MACZFW 30.23% MACTOW 32.26% STAB TRIM: +4.9 MACLDW 31.48% MAC LIMITS ZFW FWD 22.90% AFT 40.45% TOW FWD 20.64% AFT 44.27% LDW FWD 22.58% AFT 42.45% TRIM BY CABIN AREA A39.B40.C25 CAPTAINS INFORMATION/NOTES STD WEIGHTS USED ADULT/84 CHILD/35 INFANT/0 BLOCK FUEL/ 11715 ( 14508 LITER) LANDG FUEL/ 1710 ( 2118 LITER) TAXI TIME 10 MIN TASK 3 EASA TCs A320-214 series Type Certificate holder Engine type designation Modification TCDSN EASA.A.064 Issue 10, 08 June 2011 Airbus CFM56-5B4 24251 (SAC combustor) TCDSN EASA.A.064 Issue 10, 08 June 2011 Airbus CFM56-5B4, CFM56-5B4/P Engine intermix 22 December 2012 Effective Date: Required as indicated, unless accomplished previously: Required Action(s) and Compliance Time(s): (1) Before next flight after the effective date of this AD, amend the applicable AFM to incorporate Airbus AFM A320 TR286 “AOA Blocked”, issue 1.0, inform all flight crews and thereafter operate the aeroplane accordingly. (2) After modification of an aeroplane by replacing AoA sensor conic plates with AoA sensor flat plates in accordance with Airbus approved aeroplane modification instructions, the operational procedure as required by paragraph (1) of this AD is no longer applicable and shall be removed from the AFM of that aeroplane. Contact Airbus to obtain the necessary approved modification instructions. EASA B737-700 Maximum Certified Masses: 737-700* 737-700 IGW** Taxi and Ramp 155,000 lbs. 70,307 kg, 171,500 lbs. 77,791 kg. Take-off 154,500 lbs. 70,080 kg. 171,000 lbs. 77,564 kg. Landing 129,200 lbs. 58,604 kg. 134,000 lbs. 60,781 kg. Zero Fuel 121,700 lbs. 55,202 kg. 126,000 lbs. 57,153 kg Fuel Tank Flammability Reduction System (FRS): Aircraft which have made their first flight after 1 January 2012 must be equipped with a fuel tank Flammability Reduction System (EASA SIB 2010-10) Flammability Reduction Systems have been installed on aircraft line numbers 1820 and 1831 in December 2005, and then since mid-2008 on aircraft line number 2517, 2620 and on. This system shall remain installed and operative and can only be dispatched inoperative in accordance with the provisions of the MMEL Task 4 ELEVATION = 0 (FT) : A320-214/CFM56-5B4 : : : SLOPE = +0.00 (% ) : DATED 14 FEB 2013 21:43 UTC : ALL WEIGHTS IN : : T.O.R.A. = 2500 (M ) : : KILOGRAMS (KG) : : T.O.D.A. = 2500 (M ) : AIR COND OFF : : : A.S.D.A. = 2500 (M ) : ANTI ICE OFF : NOT FOR : : LENGTH = 2500 (M ) : RUNWAY COND DRY : OPERATIONAL USE : : WIDTH = 45 (M ) : QNH 1013.25 HPA : : ELEVATION = 100 (FT) : B737-700/CFM56-7B22 : : : SLOPE = +0.00 (% ) : DATED 24 APR 2013 18:38 UTC : ALL WEIGHTS IN : : T.O.R.A. = 2400 (M ) : : KILOGRAMS (KG) : : T.O.D.A. = 2400 (M ) : AIR COND ON : : : A.S.D.A. = 2400 (M ) : ANTI ICE OFF : NOT FOR : : LENGTH = 2400 (M ) : RUNWAY COND DRY : OPERATIONAL USE : : WIDTH = 45 (M ) : QNH 1013.25 HPA : Task 6 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATION Airbus A320-214 is an aircraft manufactured by Airbus Company. The company has received 6,210 orders and so far it has delivered 3,274 between 1997 and 2012. By December 2012, the company delivered 82 aircrafts. The table below shows dimension of the plane. The overall length of the plane is 37.57m. The drawings below show the illustrations of the A320-214 aircraft. The drawings show the front view, top view and side view of the aircraft. The above table shows the engine characteristics of the A340-214 aircraft. The plain has two engines CFM56-5 which engine thrust of 11-120 kN. The maximum range for the plane is Take off calculation Wight and briefing A320-214 taking-off from Istanbul airport A320-214 Landing in MAN airport Aircraft data B737-700 Passengers Typical 2-class configuration 126 Cargo 966 cu ft (27.3 cu m) Engines CFMI CFM56-7 (maximum thrust) 26,300 lb Maximum Fuel Capacity 6,875 U.S. gal (26,020 L) Maximum Takeoff Weight 154,500 lb (70,080 kg) Maximum Range 3,440 nautical miles (6,370 km) [2-class with winglets] Typical Cruise Speed 0.785 Mach (at 35,000 feet) Basic Dimensions Wing Span 112 ft 7 in (34.3 m) With Winglets 117 ft 5 in (35.8 m) Overall Length 110 ft 4 in (33.6 m) Tail Height 41 ft 2 in (12.5 m) Interior Cabin Width 11 ft 7 in (3.53 m) Performance estimation of the two planes. Weight check and briefing The above figure shows that payload will be 15486kg, while take off fuel will be 1400kg while trip fuel will be 11650kg. The calculation shows that there will be a reduction in weight and fuel between those units at the start and that during landing of the aircraft. It is estimated that 2350 kg of fuel will remain in the aircraft after the trip is completed. The total number of passangers was randomized by the system to 100 while the maximum number is 126 which resulted into 8253kg with another 7233kg of cargo load. Take-off from Istanbul The figure above shows take-off of B737-700 from Istanbul airport in turkey. Maximum take-off weight was assumed in the calculations with runway shortening at 300m. Take off from Istanbul airport Landing in MAN airport The figure above illustrates performance estimates of the flight when it is landing in Manchester airport with the maximum landing weight of 55684 kg. This calculation also assumed in-flight mode. Where there was reduction of 305m of the landing distance. Recommendations Read More