How Pedagogical Principles Could Be Applied to Information Systems - Report Example

? How Pedagogical Principles Could Be Applied To Information Systems Likes Intranet in Organizations Introduction Pedagogical principles are essentially an imperative point of orientation for experts within the educational background. These principles are more general than didactical which are directed towards teaching and learning. Pedagogical principles deliver a viable number of orientation points for each complex teaching field. The most important characteristics of pedagogical principles are that they are clean, original and filled with hypothetical influence. Since, these principles are general in nature; they can be used to variety of conditions for example in information system in organisations (Anderson & McCormick, 2011). Focusing on this aspect, the essay describes about how pedagogical principles can be applied in information system such as intranet in organisations for better management of information and learning. Pedagogical Principles Pedagogical principles are effective tool for information management and learning which can demonstrate the aspects to be educated. They are pragmatic and can produce rich set of real-world and instructional experiences which can be further used in organisations for solving practical problems. Pedagogical principles are functional proposition of training and knowledge development. These principles simplify the procedure of devising instructive strategies which in turn determine how people experience, involve and react to the informative components. Ideally, pedagogical principles are first expressed in general terms and afterwards with respect to specific actual learning environment (Anderson & McCormick, 2011). The applicability of pedagogical principles have always considered as interesting topic from the viewpoint of information system. Pedagogical principles are influenced by national, cultural and circumstantial situations. During innovation process, pedagogical principles are developed and applied according to experiences. The implementation of pedagogical principles occurs by perception of regular viability and the influence of market, competitive environment and collective development such as information system (Anderson & McCormick, 2011). There are several pedagogical principles and some of the important principles are as follows. Involvement of learners: Pedagogy must involve the learners and motivate them. This involvement must be evident of being educational, i.e. having educational objectives and inspiring. In other words, learners’ involvement must be pleasurable that would make them to continue to use information system (Anderson & McCormick, 2011). Effective learning: Another vital pedagogical principle is related with effective learning which can be demonstrated by the utilisation of different approaches, allowing learners to extend the knowledge or by providing genuine learning prospects, allowing them to understand multiple perspectives on a single subject among others (Anderson & McCormick, 2011). Summative evaluation: Summative evaluation is also an important pedagogic principle which is used for understanding work or educational opportunities. It helps to understand the criteria that are required to be developed for accomplishing better performance (Anderson & McCormick, 2011). Simplicity: According to pedagogical principle, learning must be simple, i.e. effective learning should be open, accessible, intuitive and must not necessitate guidance for utilisation. Inclusion: Pedagogy must support inclusive activities with respect to diverse types s of job accomplishments and within different social or cultural groups (Anderson & McCormick, 2011). Information System in Organisations Information system is the term which is commonly used in various fields including business with different purposes. It play vital role in organisations to utilise knowledge and to accomplish strategic organisational objectives. Organisations generally spend considerable amount of money in order to successfully integrate information system strategies with business objectives. However, most of the time, organisations put much importance to technology and accord less importance to organisational structure and institutional procedure. In fact, many information systems fail because inadequate attention is placed to issues which are connected to the organisational culture, procedures and practices (Mellor, 2011). Several studies have demonstrated that technological instruments such as Intranet alone cannot address the requirement of information management in an organisation. It is worth mentioning that technology oriented problem solving strategy is probably ignored by organisations based indications which prevent successful capitalisation of technology. Ultimately only technology based approach can deter organisational capability to perform in-depth, judicious and precise analysis associated with organisational effectiveness. Organisational obstacles comprise aspects such as information access, information integrity and technological inconsistency. Moreover, organisations have begun to realise that since information is implicitly managed by individuals, it often tends to create challenges for information sharing amid the employees. . For instance, in several organisations, every employee holds a specific level of institutional knowledge which provides the history, context and base for making regular decisions. However, this type of information is barely recognised possibly due to the reason that there are no organisation wide instruments to execute such activities. Thus, the challenge for organisations is to make information accessible that tends to exist in individuals. Capturing such information not only ensures continuity but can also accelerate organisational learning and knowledge management (Oyekan, 2007). Information management is the incorporation of people, procedures and technology which is involved in planning, capturing and applying intellectual infrastructure of an organisation. Information management not only include design and implementation of information system but also the requisite changes in management approaches, organisational behaviour and organisational policy. It allows employees to develop the capability to gather information and share the experiences and understanding, resulting in increased learning. Information management provides a framework which can be used by organisation by emphasising on three key fields namely people, procedures and technology. Each of the fields act as essential part of continuing organisational dynamics wherein organisations are required to develop strategies for determining how they can satisfy the information requirements. The basis of information management is a procedure of shaping, supporting and managing information by maintaining a proper balance between employees’ consideration and organisational procedures (Oyekan, 2007). Use of Intranet in Organisation It is generally understood that robust technological infrastructure such as Intranet plays vital part in assisting organisations to collect and analyse information in order to enhance learning. The hindrances to successful information system implementation such as Intranet can be accredited to narrow understanding of how this technology exhibits itself within organisation (Petrides, 2004). Intranet can facilitate the effectiveness of information management by its wide spectrum of features. Intranet in organisations can allow better communication, coordination and collaboration. Information management has two basic features. The first feature relates with extensive variety of methods and the second feature considers that for most applications, it is usable by relative novices. In the context of information management, intranet can allow better flexibility, scalability and simplicity (Oyekan, 2007). In an organisation, intranet plays vital part by facilitating knowledge of employees. The key feature of intranet is scalability which allows simple growth and amendment of information while accepting number of users and usage patterns. Intranet can hence address organisations’ changing requirements on regular basis (Oyekan, 2007). Intranet as information system technology is designed and developed to provide employees in organisations with the information they require to make better decisions and to perform their tasks efficiently. Through intranet, employees can able to easily perform the function of sharing, integrating and leveraging information. It accelerates best practices of learning and also allows accomplishment of economies of scale by reducing the cost of searching and transforming information. Intranet is such a technology through which information management is established because it is able to distribute knowledge. It provides basic facilities such as common resources for supporting individual information management practices and effective sharing and creation of information. Besides, more advanced intranet also provides resources which inspire knowledge sharing that comprise internal meeting, discussion and shared database among others. It is able to interfere and redesign information through miscellaneous method of data representation. Organisations that undertake information management initiatives often use intranet, because adoption of intranet provides a good foundation of knowledge creation. Thus, by providing better access to information, intranet can have potential impact on organisational learning (Oyekan, 2007). Application of Pedagogical Principles in Information System (Intranet) Rapid improvements in information system have changed pedagogical implications of intranet application in the information management. Pedagogical principles provide new possibilities and put new demands for employees. In an organisation, pedagogical principles can help to develop collaborative virtual environment. Collaborative environment can allow team work and group conference in an effort to establish knowledge. Pedagogical principles are regarded as fundamental aspects of intranet based learning environment which can be incorporated into organisational system. The pedagogic principles can be applied in information system like intranet in following ways. Establishment of Elasticity and Modularity Since there are several pedagogical cultures and practices for different nations, it is expected that design of intranet must be characterised by elastic and modularity. This functionality and edge of information system can be derived from pedagogical thoughts and could be applied to different organisational environments. Furthermore, pedagogical principles can also be used in conjunction with other intranet applications. Adaptation to several pedagogical culture and different organisational contexts are required for its application in intranet. It is also termed as pedagogical usability, i.e. relation between system plan and organisational learning background, condition and background in which pedagogical principles can be used (Yee, 2008). Facilitation of Information Building By blending different thoughts, an outline of progressive information can be extended and enlarged in intranet by the use of pedagogical approach. In brief, pedagogical principles can be used as continuous procedure for advancing and constructing the type of information required for systematic management and learning. Pedagogic principles entails that new information is not simply integrated rather it is made by solving problems. Direct integration of pedagogic principles can help for better explanations of information and makes it easier for employees to manage new information. Additionally, by imitating different information management practices, use of pedagogic principles can guide employees to involve in the procedure of management and clarification based information administration. An important aspect of this type of information management is to involve collaboratively in the development of shared knowledge system through intranet. In this context, it can be stated that pedagogical principle is the leading framework that can be used in progressive information management in an organisation (Beazley et al., 2008). Moreover, application of pedagogical principle can assist employees to develop and store information and share experience of individual employees in order to develop a cooperative knowledge. Pedagogical principles can foster information creation by identification of key thoughts and additional elaborations. As a result, they encourage employees to develop shared digital objects in addition to creation of shared discussion environment (Beazley et al., 2008). Support Progressive Information Management One of the key pedagogical principles is to support information management that would result in knowledge advancement for employees. Employees can involve in information management by cataloguing their messages on the basis of category of information. Proper utilisation of these categories can help employees to engage in high level of cognitive procedures. The cataloguing of messages can support the information management comprising large number of messages and facilitates community establishment (Rubens et al., 2005). Implementation of tools By using pedagogic principles organisations can provide tutor-based tools for intranet which can enable printing and summarising of information. It is vital for organisations to create tools which can summarise the discussions and contribution of employees throughout a task. The pedagogical principles therefore are useful as they can assist employees to acquire an overview of overall scenario (Rubens et al., 2005). Structure and Coordination A vital pedagogical principle is instantaneous establishment of structures which can assist employees to organise collaborative activities and to direct them to accomplish different tasks and objectives. A great deal of coordination and structuring is required in order to support adequate participation of employees and to direct them for information management. Thus, intranet must include coordination tools which can help employees at different levels to establish the key objectives and sub-objectives concerning with information management (Rubens et al., 2005). Support for Establishment of Virtual Community Establishment of virtual community can help to administer collaborative activities of employees and therefore they can accomplish mutual understanding. Intranet must support employees in developing a sense of community and belonging, even during the circumstances they are distributed in different locations. In this context, it can be stated that application of pedagogical principles can be useful for establishing virtual community in organisation (Rubens et al., 2005). Conclusion To sum up, information system have become a key building block for organisations and most of them are observing information system a core aspect of learning and managing information. To this end, various models of information management are evolving responding to new opportunities of integrating information system in organisation practices. However, organisations must also understand how to better use the information system technologies as a learning and management tools. Pedagogical principles can help for successful management of information by different information system tools such as intranet. These principles are already implemented in different intranet based learning environment for managing the learning components and for delivering learning materials. In organisations pedagogic principles can be applied in several ways for improving management of information and thus enhancement of knowledge. References Anderson, J., & McCormick, R. (2011). Ten pedagogic principles for e-learning. Retrieved from http://insight.eun.org/ww/en/pub/insight/thematic_dossiers/articles/quality_criteria/equality2.htm Beazley, M., McLeod, J., & Lin, L. (2008). Pedagogical principles, problems, and possibilities in online global classrooms. International Handbook of Information Technology in Primary and Secondary Education, 20, 675-693. Mellor, R. (2011). Knowledge management and information systems: strategies for growing organisations. United States: Palgrave Macmillan. Oyekan, A. J. (2007). The usage of the intranet and its impact on organisational knowledge sharing: an exploratory investigation of a public hospital. Retrieved from http://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/research/bitstream/handle/10453/20028/02Whole.pdf?sequence=2 Petrides, L. A. (2004). Knowledge management, information systems and organisations. Center for Applied Research, 20, 1-12. Rubens, W., Emans, B., Leinonen, T., Skarmeta, A. G., & Simons, R. (2005). Design of web-based collaborative learning environments: translating the pedagogical learning principles to human computer interface. Computers & Education, 45, 276-294. Yee, R. (2008). Pro web 2.0 mashups remixing data and web services. United States: Springer Verlag. Read More