The United States History: A Story of Solomon Lefschetz - Assignment Example

Consent Form I give permission to be interviewed and for my biography to be written and turned in to the history class at California university, Taught by Dr. Jack elenbaas Contact information: Name: Solomon Lefschetz Address: Presently he is in U.S. Signature of person interviewed: Solomon Lefschetz date: November 18, 1971 Signature of person interviewing: Lantiti arnoli date: November 18, 1971 Question based on class-related topics Q:1 When and where were you born? If not in America, when did you come to America? ANS:- I was born on September 3, 1884 in Moscow, which is in Russia. Q:2 Who was the first president you voted for and why? ANS:- In 1935 and 1936, American mathematical society was one of his most strong supporters. Q:3 Did both parents work outside the home? What were their occupations? ANS:-Yes, my father named Alexander Lefschetz was a Turkish citizen and mother Vera was also Turkish citizens but as Alexander Lefschetz worked as an importer, there was compulsion to tour a good deal. Q:4 Have you ever experienced racial and or gender discrimination? If so, what happened? ANS:- The racial and gender bias and related discrimination becomes much clear or visible burden. The problems which are related and were categorized as manifestations of a form of discrimination or the other one, but not both. Ultimately, this makes sure the full sequence of the problem to break out analysis, which leads to useless or not enough remedies. Its "gender mainstreaming" policy is now changing. Q:5 What does the term “civil rights” mean to you and how did this movement affect you personally? ANS:- Some of nations identify a person's civil right to not be executed for crimes, a civil right did not recognized within the US. Civil rights is like bestowed by nations taking position or place, persons surrounded by their shielding covered boundaries, whereas ordinary or human rights are rights that many scholars state that those have by nature of when individual is born. Q:6 What do you mean by Civil War? ANS:- Civil war can be defined as waged amongst different parties, citizens or members of either same state or nation. Q:-7 How can you define a World War? ANS:- Major nations get involved in war is known as world war. Q:8 Explain Politics? ANS:- Politics is the process by which people make decisions with the groups and of the group leader. even though the term is generally applied to deeds within civil governments, politics is experimental in all human group exchanges, including company, academic, and spiritual institutions. Q:-9 How do gender refer to man and women? ANS:- Gender is closely related to the constructed roles, behaviour, activities and attributes that a particular society considers not a inappropriate for men and women. The dissimilar roles and behaviour may give rise to gender inequalities, i.e. inequality between men and women that steadily favours one group. Then, such inequalities can show dissimilarity between men and women in both health care and admittance to health status. Q:10 Do women have more opportunities than man based on gender discrimination? If, yes how? ANS:- Yes, not everywhere but where women are respected and empowered, families, communities are their abilities are strengthened, citizens are better represented, untruthfulness is not complete, and peace is their main concern. In some of the countries women have more options and of course opportunities for education and stronger rights than ever before. And where discrimination, gender violence, and inequality persist, energetic women and men are working to change the status quo. There are many story related to gender discrimination which one or the other day comes infront of the World. Story of Solomon Lefschetz Solomon was born in Moscow in 1884.His parents were Turkish citizens. His fathers name was Alexander and he was importer and mothers name was Vera. They decided to educate their child in France but soon after they set up in Paris. He learned France as a first language. Emile Picard and Paul Appell were their lecturers and from 1902-1905 he did attend engineers training at Ecole Centrale. After that at the age of 21 he went to US. He was not a French Citizen he found very difficult in obtaining academic France. In Pittsburg he worked very hard in the Westinghouse Electric company from 1907 to 1910. And worked for a short time at the Baldwin Locomotive Works. He lost his both the hand forearms in electrical experiment accident. Lefschetz started to make an interest towards mathematics and soon he was an mathematician. In 1911 he took his doctorate with his classmate Robert Goddard from Clark University. In 1911 at Clark, a girl having master’s degree was known by the name of Alice Berg Hayes got married to Lefschetz. He also became a US citizen. His whole life kept on moving from University of Nebraska to University of Kansas. In 1924 his post was made long-termed and went as an visiting professor to Princeton. He became Henry Fine research professor in 1932 and retained that post pending his retirement from Princeton in 1953. Lefschetz fixed-point theorem was most commonly used. Successfully calculable induces on the homology groups of the space, because Lefschetz value only depends upon “f”. By studying sets which are greatly defined he researched algebraic varieties or polynomials. If it's just turning the crank it's algebra, but if it's got an idea in it, it's topology. 1 Later he recast this intersection theory developed by Alexander, Cech and Whitney, as the "cup product" in the cohomology theory. In 1942, this was the form in which it appeared as monograph algebraic topology. Lefschetz was not unbiased the Martin Company, an aircraft manufacturer, to set up a mathematics research center as division of their independent Research Institute in Baltimore for Advanced Study. In Western world it was a very great group of mathematicians to start such a project. This project career which had brought Lefschetz identifying for outstanding contributions to the fields of algebraic geometry, nonlinear differential equations and the geometry which is without shape or size. In a year, Lefschetz was directing the research of 17 scientists focused on nonlinear differential equations. He won Bordin Prize in 1919 related to Academy of science as he used original topological methods with algebraic geometry in the early hours of investigation. And again he won same prize for American Mathematical Society in 1924. Lefschetz was awarded an degree from the Sorbonne and he was the only American who was awarded with this degree. After the year 1942, Lefschetz started calculating differential equations belligerently pursued like Poincare the "qualitative" come close to to nonlinear differential equations, and on the stability of symmetry points and periodic orbits which were recognized new results. An industry-sponsored research center which is known as R.I.A.S, that’s the institute for Research Advanced Studies in this he became an consultant after he gad retired from Princeton. Part of R.I.A.S. devoted to differential equations found a home at Brown University, he visited as a visiting professor of Applied Mathematics, where it became the Lefschetz Center for Dynamical Systems. Author of eight books and not under 100 articles, Lefschetz shortened for a part century the vastly respected journal, Annals of Mathematics. Lefschetz was very famous for his calculation and sturdy opinions. Students always were very excited to say that Lefschetz never gave an incorrect result. His judgements could be inconsiderate: for example, he despised most point-set topology as "baby stuff". He could be wrong, most eminently in the case of a paper of William Hodge. Lefschetz thought that Hodge's paper was not true, and answered all his mathematical friends like before. Hodge gave a seminar on the paper (as Hodge later wrote, "outstanding to Lefschetz's attribute interruptions the seminar in point of fact lasted for six sessions"); at Princeton. Afterward, Lefschetz publically accredited that Hodge was not incorrect and wrote to his friends admitting as much. In 1970, transactions of the American Mathematical Society (Vol. 22, 1921, pp. 407-482), and he was awarded the AMS Leroy P. Steele Prize. Lefschetz was a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. Lefschetz pioneered the field of topology--the study of the properties of many­sided figures and their capacity to deform, twist, and stretch without changing their shape. He wrote many books such as, they are as follows:- 1. Contributions to the Theory of Nonlinear Oscillations, Volume II. (AM-29). 2. Contributions to the Theory of Nonlinear Oscillations, Volume III. (AM-36). 3. Contributions to the Theory of Nonlinear Oscillations, Volume IV. (AM-41). 4. Contributions to the Theory of Nonlinear Oscillations, Volume V. (AM-45). 5. Lectures on Differential Equations. (AM-14). 6. Topics in Topology. (AM-10). Work Cited Page 1. www.lectlaw.com. November 18, 2007. 2. www.un.org. November 18, 2007 3. www.brainyquote.com. November 18, 2007 4. www.groups.dcs. November 18, 2007. < http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lefschetz.html >. 5. www.usna.edu. November 18, 2007 . 6. www.history.mcs.stand.ac.uk. November 18, 2007. . 7. www.press.princeton.edu. November 18, 2007. < http://press.princeton.edu/titles/6456.html>. 8. www.who.int. November 18, 2007. < http://www.who.int/topics/gender/en/>. Read More