Sacral Neuromodulation with Implanted Devices for Urinary Storage - Literature review Example

PICO Assignment First Article Schmidt, R.A., Jonas, U., Oleson, K.A., Janknegt, R.A., Hassouna, M.M., Siegel, S.W., van Kerrebroeck, P.E., 1999. Sacral nerve stimulation for treatment of refractory urinary urge incontinence. Sacral Nerve Stimulation Study Group. J Urol., 162(2), p.352-357 2. PubMED. The terms used for search in PUBMED were “neurostimulation” or “neuromodulation” with “sacral nerve” with “refractory”, “urge incontinence” or “overactive bladder” 3. 1997-1998 4. The RCT by Schimdt et al stated the aims of their study being “to evaluate sacral nerve stimulation for the treatment of refractory urge incontinence.” The need for this study was outlined as “refractory urinary urge incontinence remains a complex problem for clinicians and patients.” 5. The participants were from general urology population. Those included in the study were patients with refractory urinary incontinence. Exclusion criteria for the study were those with contraindications for sacral neuromodulation therapy. 6. This is a prospective, randomized study that was performed to evaluate sacral nerve stimulation for the treatment of refractory urinary urge incontinence. 76 patients were included in the study group and randomization to study and control group. The candidates were enrolled into the study after evaluating the inclusion criteria. The test stimulation results determined the eligibility of the partiipants into the study group and control group. The stimulation group included 34 patients with refractory urge incontinence who underwent implantation and were followed for 6 months and the control group comprised 42 patients who received standard medical therapy for 6 months. 7. Conducted in the University of Colorado health Science Center, Denver, USA. 8. At the end of 6 months, the improvement due to the treatment was evaluated. The outcome measures include the number of daily incontinence episodes, severity of episodes and absorbent pads or diapers replaced daily due to incontinence. Statistical analysis revealed a p value of Read More