INDUSRIAL RADIOGRAPHY - Research Paper Example

Non destructive testing is a special technique for observing products or materials for any internal defect. Since X Rays and Gamma rays have huge capability to penetrate into the material with a non destructive effect therefore the above two radiations are used for the reason of non destructive testing. The inception of industrial radiography is tracked back to 1895 when X-rays were discovered from a discharge tube by the collision of cathode rays on anti-cathode material. This was the first hallmark when type of electromagnetic radiations was discovered, then after the phenomenon of radioactivity was too comprehended.

Then both X-rays (by product of action of cathode rays on anticathode material) and Gamma rays (exhibited from radio active material) are used for industrial applications. In the early stages radium was used for gamma rays in industries however with the discovery of new isotopes of Cs (Cesium-137) and Co (Cobalt-60), the usage of radium was decreased and replaced with new discovered isotopes. However industrial radiography should not be confused with nuclear physics (i.e. bombarding radiations to split an atom into daughter components).

Industrial Radiography specifically deals with the analysis on industrial products and materials. 1. Important Applications Of Industrial Radiography Industrial radiography is used for different testing purposes in industries. The applications vary from analyzing defects in products, analyzing the strength of materials after a post assembly operation, air port security, cargo scanning etc. Usually welds on pressurized pipes, vessels, structures and containers are tested on vast scale in industries through industrial radiography.

Moreover metal surfaces, machined parts and metal walls are usually tested from radiography. In addition to the above usages ceramics that are utilized in aerospace and aviation industries are tested on regular basis through industrial radiography. Through industrial Radiography anything can be graphed easily whether it’s a solid flat, curved or any other formed material. For pipes’ weld testing, a radiographer placed the radiographic emitting source inside the pipe while on outer side of the pipe the weld area is covered with a film so that radiographic patterns can be recorded.

The penetrated radiations will pass through the weld and it will identify about any defect that might be left in the weld through the traces left on film. However it should be highly considered that the direction of the beam must be normal to that of the surface that is targeted for radiography. The use of industrial radiography is growing; all non-intrusive products in Cargo are also checked by a special X-ray machine. Further studies are in progress to devise any new advancement such as dual energy X-ray radiography in order to optimize this technology in more productive manner. 2. Medical Radiography Medical radiography is a medical diagnosis tool that uses the radiographic radiation to radiograph the patient’s physical and internal skeleton structure.

Medical radiography uses both ionizing radiation and non ionizing radiation. There are few hazards that are associated with ionizing radiation to the human body. There are different ways of reducing these dangerous hazards. The level of exposure of these radiations is actually the main concern; level of exposure can be kept down by decreasing time in radiographic exposure to human