Design and Methodology - Research Paper Example

?Research Design and Methodology In this particular paper the research design and the methodologies have a great implication over the study. Without a proper research design and methodology it wouldn’t have been possible to come to the conclusion for the satisfactory outcome of the paper. The behavioral approach of the employees is very important to study to get the proper conclusion for this subject. For any statement the support of the research methods is very much essential to prove the collateral impact of the study to the society. The research design and the methodologies are the basic platform on which this paper is done. Secondary data or historical data are the kind of data that is previously gathered for some study or project, which built specially for that particular project (Zikmund, 2003, p Nd). In regards to this research, the secondary data used are gathered from the Internet, journals and other publications in order to get basic information about the nature of the health reformation within the organization. The research and the methodologies of this paper are basically qualitative in nature. The primary resources are there in this paper to prove the solid statements. However, the secondary resources are also very much important to prove the practical viewpoints of this particular paper. The data collection method is one of the most important actions in the organizational research work. The primary and secondary data are compiled in a proper blend to fetch the ultimate result. However, in this case the questionnaires were very much prominent. However, the proposed number of questions to be filled for any research is around 25-30, where minimum 20-25 questions suppose to be answered to get a good result. However, the missing count can be taken as the margin of error, or their stipulated feedbacks could have taken as the average feedbacks. In this particular paper the five major methodologies for the research work are 1: Interview, 2: Surveys, 3: Focus group, 4: observation and 5: internal data. Among all of these the most important method is the interview and the survey. These two methods give the ultimate feedback of the employees towards the improvement of the health related issues within the organization. Data collection is one of the most important part I the research process. The data collection can be taken from the interview process of from the internal data or most of the time for the effective survey within the projected sample size for the research. However, all of the research methods are equally important prove the relevance of the research work and to predict the fruitful outcome of the research for the betterment of the health reform within the organizations. The relevance of the secondary data is very much important to justify this particular paper and that is the reason the selected five methodologies are chosen to collect the secondary data to support the study. All the five methods are discussed bellow. 1. Interview: In rearview has been taken as one of the most effective research method for collecting the secondary data from the focus group. Personal interview with the projected employees within the organization for their expectation and complains about the present health related issues are very much productive in case of finding the proper solution. There are some numbers of factors which are very much important for conducting an effective interview process. These number of factors need to be taken very seriously in designing the interview process. The basic concept of the interview is to exchange the verbal and written expression of the participant towards the projected questions (Watson, , p 282). The research interviews must be recorded so they can be analyzed afterwards. Most of the time, these interviews are generally audiotaped. The interviewed data are transcribed into text for the data analysis. In this case the different people from different organizations ate taken under consideration for the interview process. These projected employees are interviewed randomly for getting the ultimate answer for the data analysis. Most of the interviews are done with verbal communication process. And the randomly chosen people got involved in the interview process. However, the collected data have a great implication towards the improvement of the health reformation within the organizations. Most of the questions are formulated to bring out the ultimate need of the fellow employees, and the expectation towards the future for the health reformation is also been asked to get the proper answer from the mass. 2. Survey: Surveys are the base of any research work. The real life secondary data are generated for the effective surveys. One of the main functions in the particular process is formulating the questionnaire and selecting the sample size for the effective survey. At the time of reforming the questions for the sample size it must have been taken under consideration that the number of employees within the organizations are to be given more importance, as it is very important to get the feedback of the employees inside the organization as most of the local and foreign organizations are depending on the employees within the organization. Another most important part about the reliability and the validity of the questionnaire are the importance of the question for the employees. It has to be remembered that the answer of the questions must be the genuine answer from the employees. Many times it have been seen that the sample size gives the answer as because they have to give the answer, in that case the answers have no validity. So, in this case the distribution process and the formation of the questions in the questionnaire are very much important to get the ultimate answers from the target group. The proper survey technique with suitable questionnaire can fetch a very good result. After going through previous surveys and reading a number of different researches and dissertations, this facilitated the process of questionnaire development. This set of in depth questions is used to get the views of respondents in a realistic and valid manner by ensuring confidentiality. Likert scale has been used for framing the questions. There are several advantages of Likert scale (Kothari, 2008, p 86). First of all it is easy to construct. Secondly it makes the respondent answer each of the questions in the instrument. This means that more data can be collected. It is also able to measure the difference between the responses of different individuals. It is also able to measure the difference between the responses of the same individual to different stimuli. The distribution process was through emailing the copies of questionnaires and also sending the hard copies. There are many surveys have been taken by many authorities to get the justified feedback from the sample size. One of the most important survey regarding the health reformation is The National health interview Survey carried out by the Bureau of the Census for public health service since 1950 (Fowler, 2002, p 3). However, many people think that survey is the last option for getting the important data out of the mass if there is no other way. The main negative part of the survey is it consumes time which people don’t have to spend. But, still in this particular paper the survey has taken the major responsibility for fetch the ultimate data out of the mass. The survey is the combination of main three processes and they are sampling, designing questions and the data collection. The sample size is the employees of the countries in different organizations and they had been surveyed accordingly to get the ultimate result to reform the health related issues within every organizations. 3. Focus Group: The focus group technique is one of the most important methods for conducting the research. Among the other widely used research tools the focus group or the group depth interviews are mostly used (Stewart, Shamdasani and Rook, 2007, p 1). This remarkable technique came to the lime light after the Second World War and till now it has been a part of the every research process. In this particular paper the focus group are basically the middle level employees who are the base of the organization and the strength of the manufacturing units. These people are not so highly paid but their contributions towards the organization are uncountable. These people are the base of the improvement and these people ate taken as the focus group as they do want health reformation within the organization for a safe and healthy work place. 4. Observation and internal data: The observation is one of the important data collection techniques in the research field. However, the observation technique highly depends on the person who is observing. This technique is basically the description of the human behavior towards the projected matter. The observation technique is essentially a synchronic method (DeWalt and DeWalt, 2002, p 99). However, in this particular paper the selected employees are observed towards the given situation related to the health reformation and the feedbacks have been recorded as the collected data. The observation techniques is basically the supportive technique to support the surveys and the interviews. In this paper the observation techniques is organized properly to check the reaction of the fellow employees towards the reformation of the health related issues. The internal data are always available from the organizations by the yearly preview. However, the internal data are only to recheck the results of the conducted surveys and interviews. In this case the focus is given on survey, interview, focus group and the observation technique to fetch the ultimate data for the reformation of the health related issues within the organizations. References DeWalt K M and DeWalt B R. (2002). “Participant observation: a guide for fieldworkers”. California: Rowman Altamira Fowler F J. (2002). “Survey research methods”. California: SAGE. Kothari, N. (2008). “Research methodology: methods and techniques”. London: Routledge. Stewart D W, Shamdasani P N and Rook D W. (2007). “Focus groups: theory and practice”. California: SAGE. Watson R. (2008) “Nursing research: designs and methods”. New York: Elsevier Health Sciences. Zikmund W. (2003). Exploring Marketing Research. 81h ED. Ohio. Thomson Learning South Western Read More