Execution Methods - Annotated Bibliography Example

Annotated bibliography American Civil Liberties Union. “Execution Methods.” Aclu.org. Web. 05 May 2014. < https://www.aclu.org/capital-punishment/execution-methods.> The article focuses on various methods that have been relied upon in execution of murder convicts. The article also shows the decline of the traditional form of execution, as there has been a preference for the emerging methods. As a result, lethal injection has been listed as the preferred way of execution in the majority of states. This method is shown to pose a serious risk of cruel and protracted death. I choose this article to outline the injustices caused by lethal method of execution. This article is of the essence as it helps in providing facts that lethal injection is also harmful. Baker, Peter. “Obama Orders Policy Review on Executions.” The New York Times. 03 May 2014. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 05 May 2014.< http://ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy.cyclib.nocccd.edu/ic/ovic/NewsDetailsPage/NewsDetailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=OVIC&windowstate=normal&contentModules=&mode=view&displayGroupName=News&limiter=&u=cypressc&currPage=&disableHighlighting=true&displayGroups=&sortBy=&source=&search_within_results=&p=OVIC&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE|A366879542.> In this article, there is a focus on policy required in implementing of the death penalty in various parts of the country. Baker notes that the Oklahoma execution is a clear example that something is amiss in the process of conviction. It shows the president of the United States also calling for policy review in the sector. I chose the article as it helps in showing what need to be done to balance the view of those for and against the death penalty. The article is of the essence as it helps in showing areas that need policy changes. Baldus, David, C., Grosso, Catherine, M., Woodworth, George, Newell, Richard. “Racial Discrimination in the Administration of the Death Penalty: The Experience of the United States Armed Forces (1984-2005).” Journal of criminal law and criminology 101.4 (2011): 1227-1335. Print. The article presents evidence that there is racial bias in implementation of the death penalty. The authors note that this is well documented in administration of the death penalty in the United States armed forces in over two decades. The authors rely on three scenarios of racial disparities in the treatment of similarly situated death eligible offenders. I chose this article as it highlights racial bias in implementation of the death penalty programs. It is also of beneficial as it helps in presenting evidence while the death penalty should be stopped due to racial bias in issuing the death sentences. BBC News- US & Canada. “US president Obama Calls for Death Penalty Review.” Bbc.com. Web. 05 May 2014. The article highlights the concerns of the United States president over the manner in which death penalty is executed in the country. The concern is based on the heinous execution of Clayton Lockett in the state of Oklahoma. The president expressed his feeling on the botched execution and calls for a rethinking of the process. He notes although the death penalty is warranted in some scenarios its application has been a challenge. I choose this source as it gives credibility to my argument based on the highest authority concern. The article is of importance as the botched execution best addresses the cruelty of lethal injection as an execution method in recent times. Death Policy Information Center. “Oklahoma Botches Execution of Clayton Locket.” Deathpenaltyinfo.org. Web. 05 May 2014. < http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/.>. The article paints a gruesome picture of the process of executing a death penalty convict. It details how an inmate Clayton Locket died after a failed lethal injection. He is shown writhing on the gurney an indication of the painful process. He later dies of these effects through a heart attack. I choose this article because it has a strong emotional appeal against the death penalty. The article is of importance as the botched execution best addresses the cruelty of lethal injection as an execution method in recent times. Evans, Masters. “Capital Punishment Should be Abolished. Capital punishment: cruel and unusual?” Detroit: Gale, 2012. Opposing viewpoints in context. Web. 05 May 2014.< http://ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy.cyclib.nocccd.edu/ic/ovic/PrimarySourcesDetailsPage/PrimarySourcesDetailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=OVIC&windowstate=normal&contentModules=&mode=view&displayGroupName=PrimarySources&limiter=&u=cypressc&currPage=&disableHighlighting=true&displayGroups=&sortBy=&source=&search_within_results=&p=OVIC&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE|EJ4189200316.> In this article, there is an account of the person that had been convicted erroneously for the crime he had not committed. The account focuses on suffering, challenges, and a immense amount of resources spent in the name of proving the innocence. The narrator is finally acquitted after a DNA analysis is done on the samples. I choose this source as it focuses on reasons why death penalty ought to be abolished. It is of the essence as it helps in establishing facts that the death penalty ought to be banned because it creates the possibility of innocent people losing their lives for crimes they did not commit. Goldberg, Jonah. “Why Death-penalty Opponents Can’t Win.” Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 05 May 2014 < http://ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy.cyclib.nocccd.edu/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=OVIC&windowstate=normal&contentModules=&mode=view&displayGroupName=Viewpoints&limiter=&u=cypressc&currPage=&disableHighlighting=true&displayGroups=&sortBy=&source=&search_within_results=&p=OVIC&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE|EJ3010124292>. The article is written from a journalist perspective. Goldberg challenges the views held by the opponents of the death penalty. He notes that, for a long time they have been selective in choosing cases to support their argument against the death penalty. He argues that just because some defendants or convicts are found not to be guilty does not mean that others are not guilty should not be punished. I chose this article as it provides a basis for countering the claim that the death penalty ought to be banned because it creates the possibility of innocent people losing their lives for crimes they did not commit. It is crucial as it helps in supporting my idea that execution of murder provides some contentment to the victim family. It also demonstrates that it is perfectly ethical to execute an individual who deserves to be executed. Koch, Edward. “Justice is Served with the Death Penalty.” Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 05 May 2014. < http://ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy.cyclib.nocccd.edu/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=OVIC&windowstate=normal&co>ntentModules=&mode=view&displayGroupName=Viewpoints&limiter=&u=cypressc&currPage=&disableHighlighting=true&displayGroups=&sortBy=&source=&search_within_results=&p=OVIC&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE|EJ3010124274 >. The arguments made by the author in this paper are in support of the death penalty. Koch notes that there has not error in charging people with death penalty. He notes that this has been the case because most of them are exonerated in the appeal. He also notes that there has not been any case of racism in the conviction process. The source helps in countering my arguments. It is indispensable in showing that there has not been racism in meting out of the death penalty. Lewis, Aidan. “Lethal Injection: Secretive US States Resort to Untested Drugs.” Bbc.com. Web. 05 May 2014. < http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-2493586.> The author addresses various challenges that face the implementation of lethal injection as the favorable form of execution. Lewis notes that most of the states in the United States have relied on this form of execution. The article also acknowledges a lack of proper ways of establishing the efficacy of the drugs used in the process. Lethal injection is also noted as causing severe pains and leading to constitutional rights violation of the convicts. This source helps in getting facts that the death penalty through lethal injection serves no justice. This helps in appealing to the emotions of those in support of the death penalty. ProCon.org. “Does the Death Penalty Cost Less Than Life in Prison without Parole?” Procon.org. Web. 06 may 2014. < http://deathpenalty.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=001000>. In this article, there is a presentation of various argument put forth by those in support and against the death penalty. The claims are made based on the question whether the death penalty is less costly as compared to life in prison without parole. The source is of the essence to my work as it helped in making an argument against the death penalty. On the other hand, it has also helped in getting facts to counter the argument against the death penalty. It also helped in being able to balance the argument in my essay. United Nations. ‘The Universal Declaration of Human Rights.” Un.org. Web. 05 May 2014. < http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/.> In this article, there is the focus on various rights that are supposed to be enjoyed by human in all parts of the world. The article recognizes various violations that have taken and are taking place in the world. The article also notes of the importance of man being guaranteed right to life. Moreover, it acknowledges that human being should not be subjected to any act of barbarism such as torture and punishment. The reason for choosing this source is that it lays a foundation for the argument against the death penalty. It is beneficial in supporting the argument that man should not be subjected to the death penalty as it is against the universal declaration of human rights. Read More