Social Services in Toronto and Calgary City - Report Example

Social Services in Toronto and Calgary City Name Institution Course Lecturer Date Social service refers to a range of social services that are provided by a regional or national government organization to its citizens or residents. They include such things as social care, social security, health care, and public housing. This paper will be exploring how educational services are provided in Toronto in Ontario province and Calgary city in Alberta province of Canada, two cities that have different standard of living and vary in size The whole education framework in the two cities will be thoroughly compared and contrasted and the reasons for the similarities and differences clearly outlined (Leo, 2013) The role of education in every society is echoed in all parts of the world. It is essential in eradication of poverty and enlightening of any given society. Social accountability, financial independence and critical thinking skills are all important stems of education. It builds blocks that which lead to a better life and is very key to the improvement of every community. Educational provision is a commitment of nearly all governments in the world, both from fist world to developing nations to ensure that all their citizens have an access to at least the primary education (Vogt, 2009). Education in Canada is divided into primary, secondary and post secondary education where it is overseen by local, federal and provincial governments. It is compulsory up to the age of 16 in some provinces and at 18 in others (Jones, 2012). Education structure in Toronto and Calgary city is similar in the way it is offered, funding and monitored and the institutions in a number of ways: According to Jones (2012) the two cities have a strong educational base, having many Universities colleges and many primary and secondary schools. In both cases there are boards that oversee educational matters. There is a no variation in the authorities that administer state education in the two cities. The Calgary Board of Education is the authority that administers the public schools in Calgary city where it ensure that there is accountability in the use of public funds among other functions At Toronto like any other Canadian city, it is a legal right to every to have education regardless of the social economic background of the child. Elementary education is free in all public funded schools. These elementary schools provide kindergarten planned programs at the age of four and five. In addition to that, they provide well designed instructions from grade one to eight. Secondary schools also known as high schools provide instruction services from grade nine to grade twelve. In actual sense, a student will start high school education at an age of 14 and finalize at an age of 18. Though the tuition fee is not charged at the primary and secondary level, the parent is expected to meet certain child need like school uniform and trip fee. The board’s vision is to be dynamic, and a learning community of choice with an aim of empowering learners so as to develop and discover their true potential. Extracurricular activities are important learning activities meant to enhance various life skills .Newcomers are provided with a good chance to make friends and practice their language ability. Sports, Music theatre, ESL help and student government are some of the programs offered by many schools in this regard. These are offered to all students and supervised by a teacher. Many institutions of high learning consider these co-curricular activities and community involvement of a student and give these students a priority in admission and also admission. The four publicly funded Universities at Toronto are Toronto University, Ryerson University, York University and OCAD University. These Universities give the most skilled citizens of Canada, giving the needed workforce needed for the advancement of economy. Besides that, these graduates engage in knowledge transfer in various means like scholarly research, collaboration and research, innovation and through graduate students. In the year 2002, Toronto University alone enrolled over 177000 students in different courses. The enrollment has been increasing at a rate of 5.85% in the last one decade. As a matter of government policy, the public schools at Toronto are managed by the boards which are funded by the Ontario Province. The board oversees over 450 public schools. Any issue raised over the management board is looked at by the Provincial authority. Such matters will entail things like misuse of facilities funds .About 90% of the students in these towns attend state funded schools. The schools follow a certain curriculum that is set by the provincial educational authorities. There is still another category of boards, Toronto Catholic District School Board. These oversee the English Language type of Public schools. The issue of government funding to the religion school has become a very political issue. (Carter & Fowler, 2011) This board of directors is directly elected by the Citizens. The principle behind this is that government work best if it is close to people. This board offers leadership to ensure that finances in these educational institutions is well managed, the educational activities is carried out in an ethical and legal manner, children are safe at school and that each child or student has the chance to reach their potential.(Jones, 2012) Toronto is the biggest centre of education, innovation and search in Canada. It is a city that is highly populated and. The city has one of the highest populated populations in the world. It is a home to four colleges and four universities all of which are publicly funded. It is also privileged to have many apprenticeship and trade institutions and 128 specialized research centers. In the year 2012, more than 260,000 students were enrolled in the eight Toronto colleges and universities that graduated more than 53000 students the same year. Besides these public universities, there are many private colleges and Universities. The city has a very strong primary and secondary education base with hundreds of such institutions. The ministry of education for Ontario set the curriculum in the province (Gertler, 2010). Calgary City is equally full of primary and secondary schools and public Universities and colleges. Calgary University is one of the institutions of higher learning ranked as one of Canada’s key and top research institution. The city is a dynamic centre of excellence on education matters. It offers an outstanding education from the preschool level to competitive post secondary institutions. (Moore & Kearsley, 2012) The city has five public-secondary learning institutions. These include the two major universities, the University of Calgary and Mount Royal University. The other two are salt Polytechnic and Bow Valley College. These institutions mutually support and collaborate with the city’s professionals, businesses, technology arts and nonprofit bodies for the god of the whole city and the nation as a whole. The curriculum in the city is set at the provincial level They make a great effort to supply the needed workforce through admitting students in the areas that the city having labor shortages, like in nursing areas, skilled trades and engineering. Thus contributing to the economic growth of the city through providing skilled workers that the city is in need of There are many steps that have been taken by the city to improve the education sector. The city has been collaborating with the national government to see to it that there is improvement in education sector. Recently, the Premier has been going round the city opening new schools, a step that will see the city grow steadily on education matters. Just like Toronto city, there are boards in the city that oversee the educational matters in the city. No student pays the tuition fee in all the public funded schools. All the children have a right to a tuition free elementary and secondary level education The city offers a variety of programs to benefit students of all ages and enhance quality learning. Below is a map showing different educational institutions, ranging from private to public, primary to secondary and post secondary, all at Calgary area In both cities, education is viewed as a key economic driver .In Toronto, the sector has been a major economic engine. In 2012, it directly added to $11.15 billion which accounted for about 4.54% of the region’s GDP. From 2002 to 2012, the sector, educational sector grew at an annual rate of 3.2%, that saw a growth from 3.925 to 4.54%.In the year 2012,the education sector provided more than 7% of the total CMA employment. Education sector provide employment to many residents of Calgary city.These ranges from administrators,teacheres and different support staff members. Education in bothcities is undertaken at a very high standard where even the expat children who do not speak either English or French are well accommodated as there is aid for them. The children with special needs are well catered for. Most of the best public schools are much better than the most expensive private schools. The foreigners who have qualified in these institutions are welcome to work in the city university but at a fee almost four times what the citizens play (Moore & Kearsley, 2012) In both cities, the role played by the private sector is well appreciated. There is a great collaboration between the two. This is done through various ways like games. The private schools in this sense are important in both cities because they create the needed competition. Besides that, the public institutions in these cities have partnered with police services and the community to prepare what is called Police foundation. The target groups for these institutions are young people where they engage them so as to influence them make positive choices concerning the challenges that they face like substance abuse, online safety, bullying and domestic violence. The programs offered in the institutions based in the two cities are aimed at preparing their candidates in the various security areas in the country. The main target group is the young people from the high schools. The establishment of these institutions is aimed at reducing youth victimization or criminal activities by laying focus on education early intervention and prevention (Preston, Cottrell, Pelletier & Pearce, 2012). However, despite all those similarities between the two cities, there exist some slight differences between educational structures in the two cities. The curriculum for the two cities is developed by the respective provinces. They also vary in terms of policies. While education is compulsory to all up to the age of 16 at the city of Calgary, the age stands at the age of 18 in the city of Calgary. This difference is a matter of policy variation as is set at the provincial point Education is more advanced at Toronto city. Unlike Calgary city which is proud of just two publicly funded Universities Calgary University and Mount Royal university, Toronto city is proudly the home of four publicly funded universities which are among the best in the world. These four collaborate in advancement of knowledge Toronto University is one of the best universities in the world, ranked number 24.There are more schools as compared to Calgary city. This is due to a number of factors, key among them the dense population which raises the education need(Ball, & Lund,2011). In conclusion, one can say that the similarity seen between the educational structures of the two cities is due to similar policies that have been set at a national level. The ministry of education at the top is the umbrella body that ensures that there is harmony among all the provinces. The method used to deliver these services can be borrowed by other nations because it is effective. The boards set up have allowed and enhance accountability and community involvement. This has facilitated all the stakeholders in the education sector have a role to play and thus improve the quality of education. There is still a lot that these two cities can borrow from each other in terms of policy formulation and implementation References Ball, D., & Lund, D. (2011). School choice, school culture and social justice: a Canadian case study. Journal of Contemporary Issues in Education, 5(2). Carter, T., & Fowler, L. (2008). Establishing green roof infrastructure through environmental policy instruments. Environmental management, 42(1), 151-164. Gertler, M. S. (2010). Rules of the game: the place of institutions in regional economic change. Regional Studies, 44(1), 1-15. Jones, G. A. (Ed.). (2012). Higher education in Canada: Different systems, different perspectives (Vol. 1099). Routledge. Jones, G. A. (Ed.). (2012). Higher education in Canada: Different systems, different perspectives (Vol. 1099). Routledge. Leo, C. (2013). Social Marketing-Customer Orientation (SMCO): How Customer Orientation Differ for Social Marketing Service Employees. Moore, M. G., & Kearsley, G. (2012). Distance education: A systems view. An International Thompson Publishing Company, London. Preston, J. P., Cottrell, M., Pelletier, T. R., & Pearce, J. V. (2012). Aboriginal early childhood education in Canada: Issues of context. Journal of Early Childhood Research, 10(1), 3-18. Vogt, W. P. (1997). Tolerance & education: Learning to live with diversity and difference. Sage Publications, Inc. Read More

Extracurricular activities are important learning activities meant to enhance various life skills .Newcomers are provided with a good chance to make friends and practice their language ability. Sports, Music theatre, ESL help and student government are some of the programs offered by many schools in this regard. These are offered to all students and supervised by a teacher. Many institutions of high learning consider these co-curricular activities and community involvement of a student and give these students a priority in admission and also admission.

The four publicly funded Universities at Toronto are Toronto University, Ryerson University, York University and OCAD University. These Universities give the most skilled citizens of Canada, giving the needed workforce needed for the advancement of economy. Besides that, these graduates engage in knowledge transfer in various means like scholarly research, collaboration and research, innovation and through graduate students. In the year 2002, Toronto University alone enrolled over 177000 students in different courses.

The enrollment has been increasing at a rate of 5.85% in the last one decade. As a matter of government policy, the public schools at Toronto are managed by the boards which are funded by the Ontario Province. The board oversees over 450 public schools. Any issue raised over the management board is looked at by the Provincial authority. Such matters will entail things like misuse of facilities funds .About 90% of the students in these towns attend state funded schools. The schools follow a certain curriculum that is set by the provincial educational authorities.

There is still another category of boards, Toronto Catholic District School Board. These oversee the English Language type of Public schools. The issue of government funding to the religion school has become a very political issue. (Carter & Fowler, 2011) This board of directors is directly elected by the Citizens. The principle behind this is that government work best if it is close to people. This board offers leadership to ensure that finances in these educational institutions is well managed, the educational activities is carried out in an ethical and legal manner, children are safe at school and that each child or student has the chance to reach their potential.

(Jones, 2012) Toronto is the biggest centre of education, innovation and search in Canada. It is a city that is highly populated and. The city has one of the highest populated populations in the world. It is a home to four colleges and four universities all of which are publicly funded. It is also privileged to have many apprenticeship and trade institutions and 128 specialized research centers. In the year 2012, more than 260,000 students were enrolled in the eight Toronto colleges and universities that graduated more than 53000 students the same year.

Besides these public universities, there are many private colleges and Universities. The city has a very strong primary and secondary education base with hundreds of such institutions. The ministry of education for Ontario set the curriculum in the province (Gertler, 2010). Calgary City is equally full of primary and secondary schools and public Universities and colleges. Calgary University is one of the institutions of higher learning ranked as one of Canada’s key and top research institution.

The city is a dynamic centre of excellence on education matters. It offers an outstanding education from the preschool level to competitive post secondary institutions. (Moore & Kearsley, 2012) The city has five public-secondary learning institutions. These include the two major universities, the University of Calgary and Mount Royal University. The other two are salt Polytechnic and Bow Valley College. These institutions mutually support and collaborate with the city’s professionals, businesses, technology arts and nonprofit bodies for the god of the whole city and the nation as a whole.

The curriculum in the city is set at the provincial level They make a great effort to supply the needed workforce through admitting students in the areas that the city having labor shortages, like in nursing areas, skilled trades and engineering.

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