Phonics vs Sight-Based Reading Programs - Term Paper Example

Sight-reading exercises (also known as whole language or look-say) is the most broadly used method of reading instruction in many countries including the U.S.  Its beginnings date back to the early 1900s and its continued use is based on emotional as well as factual reasons.  Sight reading depends less on rules and repetition than does phonics.  The principle of sounding out words, a significant part of phonics teaching, is not used in sight reading lessons.  Instead, children are asked to interpret each word through identification and using language in ways that concern the students’ own interests and background.

 Sight learning is thought to “provide a better understanding of the text and a more interesting and creative approach to reading” (Curtis, 1997).  Sight reading classrooms focus intently on the process of reading which possibly sacrifices positive end results.  With this form of teaching, there is little importance placed on punctuation, spelling, and grammar.  For example, the child may receive good grades in language class though they misspell several words.

  Supporters of the sight reading approach believe that “children’s literature, writing activities and communication activities can be used across the curriculum to teach reading” (Cromwell, 1997).  Sight reading involves the process of learning by combining reading, writing and speaking skills massed into one subject.  Children are taught not to decipher individual words.  “The basis of (sight-based reading) is the process of predicting the words through their meaning and context” (Cromwell, 1997).

  Sight-based proponents believe that children should be taught from the start to read whole words.  Insight-based, or as has been labeled, literature-based, programs, students are required to learn words by reading as the teacher simultaneously reads the story aloud.  Following this, the students re-read the text sufficient times so that they will recognize them and be able to read by themselves.