Physical Dimensions of Human Occupation - Assignment Example

124 OT - Work Pro-forma Number _______ Activity Chosen (Enter A or B) 2 Stages of the Activity: (50 Words) Remember to number the stages 1) Extending of the hand to the mug on the shelf 2) Gripping the mug, Raising the hand, Returning and lowering hand to table 3) Setting the mug on table 4) Releasing the grip on the mug 5) Returning the hand to beginning position 3 Choose one stage to consider in more detail and identify this stage in the box (Enter the number of the stage) 4 Considering only the stage chosen complete the table below (100 words) List the joints at which the movement occurs List all the relevant movements that happen List the muscles associated with the movement Identify the type of work the muscle is doing (concentric / eccentric) flexion/extension movements of the forearm The brachialis and biceps brachii for the flexion as opposed to the anconeus and triceps brachii for the extension. When the brachialis is inactive, the biceps brachii also contributes for controlling the supination movement of the forearm, together with the brachioradialis, as opposed to the pronator teres, which controls the pronation. As muscles never work in isolation, the movement of taking the mug from the eye level to the work surface involves 2 stages. Stage 1 is getting the mug from the top by raising one's arm. Stage 2 involves putting down the mug using one's arms. Concentric Metacarpophalangeal Flexion, biaxial, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction of the fingers Dorsal interrossereous Eccentric proximal and distal interphalangeal joints Extension, uniaxial and flexion of fingers Eccentric the sternoclavicular joint, the acromioclavicular joint and the glenohumeral joint. Extension and flexion of arms and shoulders The other muscles are the levator scapulae, the rhomboids, the trapezius, the rotator cuff, the subscapularis/teres major, the infraspinatus/teres minor for controlling the axial rotations, and the supraspinatus/deltoideus which handle the abduction. The other actuators of the humerus are the latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major. Eccentric 5 Choose one of the movements above and discuss the way the joint and surrounding structures enable the movement (600 words) Extension /Flexion: Proximal and Distal Interphalangeal Joints The other muscles are the levator scapulae, the rhomboids, the trapezius, the rotator cuff, the subscapularis/teres major, the infraspinatus/teres minor for controlling the axial rotations, and the supraspinatus/deltoideus which handle the abduction. The other muscles are the levator scapulae, the rhomboids, the trapezius, the rotator cuff, the subscapularis/teres major, the infraspinatus/teres minor for controlling the axial rotations, and the supraspinatus/deltoideus which handle the abduction. The other muscles are the levator scapulae, the rhomboids, the trapezius, the rotator cuff, the subscapularis/teres major, the infraspinatus/teres minor for controlling the axial rotations, and the supraspinatus/deltoideus which handle the abduction. The other actuators of the humerus are the latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major. As one raises one's arms, all eight muscles are utilized in reaching and gripping the mug and bringing it down. The three muscular joints are utilized: the sternoclavicular joint, the acromioclavicular joint and the glenohumeral joint. These joints are affected with the movement of raising and lowering one's arms. The fingers affect the movement as the person grips the mug and carries it to the work surface. The other muscles are the levator scapulae, the rhomboids, the trapezius, the rotator cuff, the subscapularis/teres major, the infraspinatus/teres minor for controlling the axial rotations, and the supraspinatus/deltoideus which handle the abduction. The other actuators of the humerus are the latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major. The upper limb makes a very significant contribution to most activities of daily living and impairments can compromise participation in many of these essential and meaningful tasks. Standing subjects performed rapid bilateral symmetrical upper limb movements in three directions (flexion, abduction and extension). The experiment executed the timing of the joint movement of the arm, (e.g. reaching for the mug). Kumar (1989) demonstrated that the axial rotation strength is one of the weakest of all movements that the trunk can produce. Stage 1 consists of raising the arm to get the mug. Stage 2 consists of raising the arm, extending it and lowering the arm to put the mug down and the relaxing of the fingers as one releases the mug. I chose to elaborate on Stage 2. For Stage 2, the muscles involved in these movements are numerous. The abductor pollicis brevis which abducts the thumb. The thumb abductor pollicis longus which abducts the thumb at carpometacarpal joint. The biceps brachii flexes the forearm, flexes arm (long head). The deltoid abducts which abducts the arm, the anterior fibers flex, medially rotate the arm and posterior fibers extend & laterally rotate the arm. The supinates brachioradialis which flexes the elbow and assists in pronation and supination. The coracobrachialis which flexes and adducts the arm. The muscle is the dorsal interosseous or the hand which flex the metacarpophalangeal joint which extends the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-4, and abduct digits 2-4 (abduction of digits in the hand is defined as movement away from the midline of the 3rd digit which flex the metacarpophalangeal joint, extend the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-4. The extensor carpi radialis brevis extends the wrist; abducts the hand. The extensor indicis extends the index finger at the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints. Radomski (2007) stated that in case of injury of the upper limb, the treatment should focus on improving the movement with the aim of improving occupational performance. Tsao and Mirbagheri (2007) were interested in addressing these deficits and testing whether impairments in voluntary arm movement differed in patients with different origins of spasticity. References: Kumar S Narayan. (1989) Spectral Parameters of Trunk Muscles during Isometric axial rotation. Radomski, Mary. (2007). Occupational Therapy for Physical Dysfunction. New York: Lippincott Wiliams and Wilkins. Saito, Kenji, Ogi Yuji, Ichikawa H., Inoue S., Matsuo T, Adachi K., Miyaji C.,Takai S. "Change in Upper Limb Muscle Activity when Ball Speed Increases and Type of Pitch Differs". Bulletin of Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba. Tsao, Cheng Chi and Mehdi Mirbagheri. (2007) "Upper Limb impairment associated with spasticity in Neurological Disorders." Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation. Volume 4, Page 45. MedCharts Anatomy by Thomas R. Gest and Jaye Schlesinger Published by ILOC, Inc., New York. 1995. Read More