StudentShare
Contact Us
Sign In / Sign Up for FREE
Search
Go to advanced search...
Free

Renal Failure in Cirrhosis - Book Report/Review Example

Cite this document
Summary
The article chosen for review is “Renal Failure in Cirrhosis”. It is authored by Gines Pere and Schrier Robert and published in the New England Medicine Journal (Gines & Schrier 1279). The article talks about renal failure attributed to liver cirrhosis. …
Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing
GRAB THE BEST PAPER94.1% of users find it useful
Renal Failure in Cirrhosis
Read Text Preview

Extract of sample "Renal Failure in Cirrhosis"

Renal Failure in Cirrhosis The article chosen for review is “Renal Failure in Cirrhosis”. It is authored by Gines Pere and Schrier Robert and published in the New England Medicine Journal (Gines & Schrier 1279). The article talks about renal failure attributed to liver cirrhosis. The article explores the pathophysiology of renal failure and evaluation of patients with renal failure in cirrhosis. Further, the article elaborates on the possible differential diagnosis of this condition, before delving into the management of kidney failure in cirrhosis.

On the pathophysiology, the article notes that kidney failure in liver cirrhosis is related to circulatory function disturbances. There is a reduction in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) due to the dilation of arteries. This is triggered by portal hypertension. In the early stages of liver cirrhosis, cardiac output increases and compensates for the reduction in systemic vascular resistance. In later stages, the cardiac system is unable to compensate for the decreased SVR. The author’s note that bacterial translocation is another modality in which cirrhosis can lead to renal failure.

Bacterial translocation associated with cirrhosis elicits inflammation; therefore, leads to production of vasodilators, which decrease PVR. With this regards, antibiotics such as Norfloxacin can be used to prevent renal failure in cirrhosis (Gines & Schrier 1281). The article also elaborates on the evaluation of patients with kidney failure in cirrhosis. Emphasis is placed on the imperativeness of assessing renal and liver function. The article recommends that serum creatinine, electrolytes and protein levels should be measured daily.

The use of renal ultrasound is also advised, when ruling out urinary tract obstruction due to renal failure. A renal biopsy is imperative when there is a suspicion of parenchymal disease. Baseline liver function tests are recommended. A liver biopsy is indicated when the diagnosis of liver disease is not certain. Bacterial infections should be ruled out in patients presenting with worsening renal function (Gines & Schrier 1283). The article further elaborates in the differential diagnosis of kidney failure in cirrhosis.

These include the hepatorenal syndrome, acute tubular necrosis and drug toxicity. The initial care should entail supportive therapy including airway and circulatory support. The authors recommend third generation cephalosporin as a first line antibiotic. Hydrocortisone may be used in renal insufficiency. Vasoconstrictor drugs are noted to be effective in the management of hepatorenal syndrome. In this respect, vasopressin analogues are noted to be effective in 50% of patients (Gines & Schrier 1284).

Hemodialysis is recommended for those on the transplant waiting list. The prognosis of such patients is noted to be poor (Cameron 127). The authors address pertinent issues related to renal failure in cirrhosis patients. The article provides a concise account of the pathogenesis of renal failure in this subset of patients. The article does this in a clear and comprehensive manner which is apt for most health professionals. It then provides a stepwise and systematic manner in the evaluation of such patients.

It uses recent and up-to-date research and trials to come up with an efficient treatment and management plan. Overall, the authors unravel complexities surrounding the subject of renal failure in a precise manner. The information gathered from the article will assist health care professionals, especially those in the nephrology and liver unit. It will enlighten clinicians on the effective management plan for renal failure in cirrhosis. Kidney failure is a challenging complication when associated with liver cirrhosis.

The article has broadened my understanding of this pertinent issue. The knowledge that I have obtained from class with regards to renal failure have enabled me to grasp the content of this article. Works Cited Cameron, Stewart. Kidney Failure: The Facts. Oxford University Press, 1996. Print. Gines, Pere and Schrier Robert. “Renal Failure in Cirrhosis”. New England Journal of Medicine 363.13 (2009): 1279-1288.

Read More
Cite this document
  • APA
  • MLA
  • CHICAGO
(“Renal Failure in Cirrhosis Book Report/Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words”, n.d.)
Renal Failure in Cirrhosis Book Report/Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words. Retrieved from https://studentshare.org/health-sciences-medicine/1596319-renal-failure-in-cirrhosis
(Renal Failure in Cirrhosis Book Report/Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 Words)
Renal Failure in Cirrhosis Book Report/Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 Words. https://studentshare.org/health-sciences-medicine/1596319-renal-failure-in-cirrhosis.
“Renal Failure in Cirrhosis Book Report/Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 Words”, n.d. https://studentshare.org/health-sciences-medicine/1596319-renal-failure-in-cirrhosis.
  • Cited: 0 times

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF Renal Failure in Cirrhosis

Regenerative Medicine Course

Regenerative Medicine Course Name: Institution: Regenerative Medicine Course Question 1 a) Define systeolic heart failure Systolic heart failure can be defined as the inability of the heart to supply the metabolic requirements of the body tissues.... In this form of heart failure, myocardial shortening is significantly impaired leading to a shift of the length-tension relationship to the right of the normal pressure-volume relationship (Mulholland and Doherty, 496)....
11 Pages (2750 words) Essay

CELLULAR PATHOLOGY- Staining protocols

Cellular Pathology experiment Name: University: Course: Date: Abstract The aim of the practical was to look at sections of small intestine (ileum), kidney and liver.... These are sections that were already processed to paraffin wax, sectioned, fixed as well as mounted on slides.... hellip; Liver slides for glycogen and ileum slides for mucin staining (using Alcian Blue) were prepared as well with use of diastase digestion....
4 Pages (1000 words) Essay

Antihypertensive and antilipidemic medications

Chronic hypertension often causes renal failure and the need for dialysis.... These are contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to the drugs and those with significant hepatic or renal dysfunction or primary biliary cirrhosis.... The ideal candidate is adult heart failure patients both acute and historical.... The ideal candidate is adult heart failure patients both acute and historical.... These drugs are cleared through the kidneys and patients with previous renal issues may not be able to clear this class of drugs. Antihypertensive and Antilipidemics Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Fibrates Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Fibrates Angiotensin Receptor Blockers2....
2 Pages (500 words) Essay

Hereditary Hemochroamtosis

As iron loading progresses many organs and tissues can be damaged, leading to serious problems such as arthritis, liver disease, cirrhosis, cancer, and liver failure, damage to the pancreas, heart abnormalities, impotence, early menopause, abnormal (gray or bronze) pigmentation of the skin, thyroid deficiency, damage to the adrenal gland (Guidelines, 1996; McDonnell, Preston, Jewell, Barton, Edwards, Adams, et al, 1999).... Traditionally, hereditary haemochromatosis has been viewed as a rare inherited disorder, primarily of older men, that presents with life threatening complications such as "bronzed diabetes" (skin pigmentation, diabetes, and cirrhosis), primary liver cancer, or heart failure (Guidelines, 1996)....
6 Pages (1500 words) Essay

Alcohol as One of the Commonest Causes of Death

This paper aims to study the effects of alcohol on health.... Alcohol is nothing but ethanol.... It is mainly a central nervous system depressant.... When consumed in small amounts it has a mild stimulant effect.... Alcohol is considered a social drink, there is a tendency for consumers to misuse it....
8 Pages (2000 words) Essay

Pharmacology and Pathologies Treatment

As the dosages involved here are fairly high, and clearance is reduced in patients with cirrhosis of the liver or renal failure (Granger et al.... At low doses it is cleared through the reticuloendothelial system, and at high doses both this and a renal clearing system are employed.... 2001), we may make the assumption that there may be some issues in the renal clearing system in this patient and we may have to make further investigations into the state of the kidney....
2 Pages (500 words) Case Study

Alcohol in the United States

The author of this paper "Alcohol in the United States" comments on the idea whether alcohol should be banned or not.... Reportedly, the 1917 Amendment to the U.... .... constitution banned all activities related to alcohol as a measure towards protecting Americans from alcoholism.... nbsp;… In 1917, an amendment to the US constitution banned the transportation, sale, and manufacture of alcoholic beverages....
9 Pages (2250 words) Research Paper

Clinical Examination of Mr Robinson

Mr Robinson presented with increased blood urea nitrogen suggesting renal failure due to “a large quantity of blood” in his vomiting, pointing out towards the massive reduction in intravascular volume leading to hypovolemia.... The paper "Clinical Examination of Mr Robinson" highlights that generally speaking, the aortic and carotid receptors detect the loss of volume and increase the sympathetic activity which results in peripheral vasoconstriction and increased heart rate....
9 Pages (2250 words) Case Study
sponsored ads
We use cookies to create the best experience for you. Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out how to manage cookies.
Contact Us