Performance Management System - Literature review Example

Performance management System Student’s Name Subject Professor University/Institution Location Date Business environment Wunder (2005) defines business environment as external forces, aspect and institutions that surround a business enterprise and influences its functions. These aspects include customers, government, political, social, legal, suppliers, competitors and technological aspects to mention a few. A business environment is also made of leadership, power of the authority, politics’ in the business and employees behavior. In my study, I have used Australian Air Express as my study topic. The business is an aviation industry serving numerous numbers of customers from different parts of the world like, Asia, Africa, Australia, Oceania and northern America. It has been classified as the most used air route in the world and the third busiest port in the Asia pacific region (Wunder 2005). Business strategy Business strategy is the analysis of business environment which includes competitiveness and the technology in use. It involves analysis of business internal resources and techniques with emerging risks and opportunities arising from its external environment. The appropriate resources are prioritized by developing the relevant technological innovation. From which an effective value of delivery is developed from the processes in use (Packard 2009). The deliveries may involve activities like coming up with a new product, and improving efficiency of operations in the business to increase the business market recognition. In order for the business to gain full strategic innovation, there is need to license to another organization so as to gain enough capabilities. This can be achieved either by expanding or protecting business market share. However expanding a business may create a challenging and innovative environment. Hence a business is able to maintain productive staffs in respective departments and through high productivity will be able to increase appreciation in the market (place Packard 2009). Organizational Culture Organizational culture is defined as the beliefs, values and codes that govern the functionality of a business. Culture gives distinctive characteristic of an organization from another (Caib 2003). According to O’Reilly et al. (2011) we have core aspects of culture in business. This is evaluative element, which is about social standards and expectations of people. And material element, which include symbols, signs, events, behavior, language and even people to identify an organization. Organizational culture also has components like motivational culture, service offered culture, creativity and safety culture (Weigmann et al. 2002). All of these cultures are developed from a number of ideologies such as people oriented culture, power oriented culture, role oriented culture and task oriented culture. When a certain rule has been set in business and for some reasons does not favor the employee’s interests, it sometimes decides to have ‘people oriented’ culture. In other occasions there is power oriented culture where the employees have to follow the business rules set. While else in different departments can have a role oriented culture depending on one’s job category (Caib 2003). However in a business, employees can also have task oriented culture where they follow a certain rule that has been set for them in terms of the task delegated (Hopkins 2009). When a business has bad and poor cultures, it will not improve in performance thus affecting the will management in the business. In other cases may result to unplanned misfortunes as clashing of planes, fire in the business, mishandling of the costumers and even collapse of the business. Freedom of expression for members without fear of intimidation is vital for creativity (NTSB 1992). The requirements for a good performance management system After comparing the past records on annual reports made, we can certainly come up with the need of systems that are effective in running the business. A good management system to be used by the management level is essential in Australian Air Express. Also there is need to have tight security measures to guarantee the business security for its large number of customers. Having the opportunity to serve different people from diverse cultures, should be able to have a management system that is quick and efficient. Good communication is very important in business and miscommunication is a disaster. Therefore communication barriers should be avoided under all cost (APSC 2009). Communication in business is often done through networking, e-mailing or face to face, depending on the method used. It is essential noting that communication in business can either be helpful or at times destructive. Hence the employees should be protected from bullying by the provision of a certain principle to be followed by everyone in business. The reason being employees have different personality that can be changed or impossible to change. The bullying act in the business ensures that everyone is able to show certain strengths without intimidation. Freedom at work will increase competence in support of high productivity (APSC 2009). Description and analyses of the performance management system  The performance management system is the monitoring of production improvement by handling timely the indentified issues according to the structures set (Leahy 2003). Performance management deals with gathering sufficient information to improve the production. Therefore no company can function well without it because is like a plane altimeter. Australian Air Express will improve its management performance after the data collected is communicated. Proper measures may be taken to effect the information for betterment of the company. These aims at making the performance visible while are driven to act in order to provide opportunity for timely feedback. (Hopkin 2007) Australian Air Express will benefit from these due to extremely evident gap in performance, intensified pressure to improve quality, cost, delivery and safety of goods and services. Some of management systems may include; the strategic business expertise, business partners and shared service centers of the business. The strategic business expertise provides high level advice to the performances of the business. This is done through training employees on emerging inventions in the market (Webber 2003). It is accomplished by giving directives like, advising the human resource on the qualified employees for the job, deciding the employee to be rewarded and enhancing good relationship between employees and the customers. Secondly, the business partners work hand in hand with the current managers. This is to ensure that there are effective strategic plans and accurate executions taking place in the business departments. Thirdly, the shared service centre’s handles the routine transactions in the business like, creating customers transaction reports and issuing performance reports to the management of the business. In the efficient running of the business, sub-systems are essential since they make work easier for higher production of the goods and services (ISO 1994). Nevertheless all the departments are important for success of the business. We have operation unit, technical unit and the supervision unit in the business. The operation unit handles the organization tasks like security, enhanced communication and good relationship with customers. This is done by the use of computer operating system like MySql for data storage. The use of this program ensures that customer’s database is renewed. The operation unit on the other hand guarantees smooth running of the business by updating the software to avoid any virus risks. It also ensures that the services being offered are current and relevant to the needs of the customers (Webber 2003) The technical unit is responsible in taking care of all kinds of machines. It requires expertise’s who have specialized in effective work of business machines. They also have knowledge in handling machines and airplanes. When an aircraft lands in airport the technicians checks and fixes defects while servicing it for the next flight. In cases of emergencies in the business, for instance flights emergency, the technicians are needed to respond to the call of alarm immediately. The use of improved technology has made the work of the technicians easier, accurate, quick and problem solving (Packard 2009). In the supervision unit, all the business tasks are put into account. This is a level where work in the business is inspected. The inspection gives directives of either excellent work done or improvement to be effected. Also the quality and quantity level of work is evaluated. Sometimes the unsatisfying employees are warned or dismissed while the hard working employees are rewarded. For this reason hard working staffs have the opportunity to gain more by working extra hard for the business (ISO 1994). However these do not give superiority to either of the above units in the Australian Air Express company. The departments in Australian Air Express work hand in hand for the production of the good and services to our esteemed costumers. Failure of one department is failure of the whole performance management system. The combination of different efforts yields a high productivity in business thus being able to maintain a good record. In conclusion all the units complement each other and work in harmony for improved performance in the business (Company 2012). Evaluation of the system Efficiency and effectiveness in practice  as a link to organizational goals and strategy The use of classic systems insight manager (HP) in the Australian Air Express for effective monitoring the experience of the end-user by establishing a standardized way of monitoring and testing (Company 2012). The system optimizes on the quality available by measuring it in terms of its effectiveness and completion of work (performance) in the environment of technology. Hence improving on the amount of resolution speed thereby reducing the chances of attacks virus and computer worms. The HP also verifies the Air Express problems and is able to solve from its roots to create a true and strong relationship between the business and customers. With the use of HP, Australian Air Express is able to reduce the testing expenditure from 30-20% (Packard 2009). A BAE system is global company for advanced security and aerospace system. It is also another example of systems used in Australian Air Express. The work of BAE system gives security through diverse defense, security companies and aerospace businesses. With the use of BAE system, Australian Air Express has been able to show its total commitment to its customers through a sustainable value of shareholders growth (BAE 2012). I strongly support the concepts used in Australian Air Express in enhancing good relationship between the workers and customers. The HP enhances effectiveness of the airbase consequently producing better services and increasing productivity (Packard 2009). Improvements to the system I propose that the system to be restructured to suit the changing needs in the Air Express. The system should be relevant and should be able to serve the purpose at hand. With the drastic change of the environment, the system should be suited to the changes. In case there are changes made to the organization structure, this system should be compatible. The system should undergo a thorough check so as to minimize on software vulnerabilities such as malware and computer worms. Having purchased a system with defects raises the chances of attacks from foreign administrators (ISO 1994). Contingency factors to take into account to ensure 
that the system is dynamic to suit strategy and changing environments. One of the contingency factors for consideration is the quality of the system. A good quality system is to give a best productive output. Bad system cannot meet the requirements of the business. The failure may end up costing the business a lot on expenditure that won’t have been there if the system was of good quality. In most cases if the system is not programmed well results to errors therefore exposing machines to a danger of viruses. A well programmed system has low chances of attacks. If any, can be corrected easily and protected from future attacks. When choosing a system, would also check on the dependability capabilities. This means that in the dynamic change of the environment, the existing system can continue being used (Leveson 2011). Some quality systems are compatible and are designed to serve many tasks at the same time. The system can also be easy to improve on its performance so as to fit with the current changing environment. I would also ensure that the system is modernized and can be able to give the output expected. The system should be able to deliver to the Air Express business and should be easy to learn. When a system becomes hard for the operation staff to learn, gives chances for contrary results than ones desired. Hence may increase the chances of incorrect information that is not up-to date (Company 2012). Compatible compensation and reward system which should be introduced, 
to support the smooth functioning of the performance management system  A safety culture should be developed to support the smooth functioning of the performance management system (Sumwalt 2007). A safety culture is an essential reward system that can be introduced to support in the smooth running of the Air Express. Most of the faults occurring to flights are due to the maintenance that is faulty and “failure to establish a cooperate culture which encourages and approves maintenance” (NTSB 1992). Hence faults occurring to flights due to the maintenance and quality assurance implications. Being defined as the non changing value inspired in the employees. It is also the extent to which employees commit to values like personal safety responsibility, preservation act and knowledge on safety. Having safety culture will inspire the employees to learn from the mistakes made in the past therefore minimizing the chances of repeating the mistake. A bullying Act may be introduced to the company to protect employees in different levels. This is a system which protects the employees from being harassed at work aimlessly having done no wrong (APSC 2009). The employees will be able to understand their limits on values to one another hence respecting each other. There will be a reduction of discrimination at work. Hence each employee working in Australian Air Express will be able to achieve the business goals confidently. To the fact that many employee suffer emotionally after the act of bullying becoming non productive. Thus this Act will help in improving and protecting the efforts of each employee in Air express. Whereby increasing the productivity of outputs to the Air Express. Introduction of increase of the workers payments and wages is a reward system that should be introduced in Australian Air Express. It is where the employee’s effort is recognized by allowing the human resource department to come up with the addition percentage. The argued percent should be signed and documented for future use. An example is where the manager should earn differently from the casual workers. Thou the earnings should be standardized and sensible. This will increase the moral effort put by employees (Shields 2007). Addition of salary may also be made available in special instances to employees who put extra efforts. This will influence the rest of workers to work extra hard for an increase. Finally Australian Air Express will have made massive profit and the standard of work will be raised. This will support the smooth functioning of performance management system. Giving benefits to victims of accidents and employees who are ready for retire is a compatible compensation that should be introduced in Australian Air Express. Most of the victims who have disaster like fire in the space may lack finances to cater for hospital bill. By compensation will give a psychological healing to the patients. It will minimize worries of compensation in case of a disaster occurring. The employees who are mature for retirements in the Air Express should also be recognized by giving them a good send off. This will make them feel proud of working for the company. Also employees in the Air Express should be given off times to be with family members especially in case of sickness (Dekker 2006). The employees should be encouraged to have a common saving. This can be done either weekly or monthly. Hence in case of an emergency, an employee will be compensated at ease. The act of employees coming together will strengthen the organization culture of the Air Express. Making everyone feel important and regarded for the work done. The employees will make the company more productive if made free to express any idea. Therefore it is the obligation of the Australian Air Express to make sure that all his members contribute both ideally and actual for the benefit of the company, without fear of intimidation from their superiors (Shields 2007). Conclusion When we put our strategy in well established organizational culture definitely our business will prosper by giving our consumers better services. The Air Express being among the busiest airport in the Asian region will be able to minimize the faults committed there before. The organization culture is one of the important factors that should be ensured in the Air Express. This should at times be encouraged on a daily basis through morning meetings and get together of employees. Performance management system also should be put in place for business to grow and improve its services to the costumers. Australian Air Express should not forget to ensure good motivating mechanism to his employees. Giving rewards to employee helps in adding their strength to work hard, this should be done in a just manner without favors. The company should seek to employ specialists in all the departments for high production and improvement of the delivery of goods and services. With qualified employees for the different tasks enhances the good productivity. The system in use should be compatible with the kind of duties expected to each one in his/her capacity. In case of system failure there should be an emergency body to deal with it immediately. The quality of the system should also be fully considered while coming up with the end product. However the management should first enquire from the technical team about the value of the machines to be purchased. The efficiency of work highly depends on the quality of the machine used. Motivation of employees on the other hand increases productivity of the business. Faults committed enhance the business positively if accepted and improved. The good image portrayed by the employees increases the chances of the business having new customers. Thus with good performance of duties will fully satisfy the customers in different parts of the world. Reference Australian Public Service Commission 2009, Respect: Promoting a culture free from harassments and bullying in the APS. Australia. BAE Systems 2012, BAE Annual Report. 6 carltons Gardens. London SWLY 5AD United Kingdom. Retrieved from www.baesystems.com Company H, P, D 2012, HP systems. Retrieved Octomber Wednsday, 2013, fromHp: Frazer. R. 2007, Developing an effective performance management system.HouseMark, coventry. Hopkins, A 2009, Learning from high liability organization, Sidney, (pp 61-75). International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 2004, Air Quality, Determination of performance, Characteristics of performance method: ISO 9196-1994. ISO, Geneva. 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